1 00:00:02,040 --> 00:00:04,160 - 自建国之初起 - From the first days that it became a nation, 2 00:00:04,160 --> 00:00:06,950 美利坚便致力于扩张疆域 the United States has looked to expand its borders. 3 00:00:06,950 --> 00:00:08,370 19世纪初 In the early 1800s, 4 00:00:08,370 --> 00:00:10,700 美国殖民者西进 American settlers move west 5 00:00:10,700 --> 00:00:14,250 涌入路易斯安那购地获得的领土 into territories gained from the Louisiana Purchase, 6 00:00:14,250 --> 00:00:17,000 建立了路易斯安那州 creating the states of Louisiana, 7 00:00:17,000 --> 00:00:19,000 密苏里州与阿肯色州 Missouri, and Arkansas, 8 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:22,250 同时将原住民逐出家园 while forcing Native Nations off their homelands. 9 00:00:22,250 --> 00:00:26,040 但当他们于19世纪30年代初进入得克萨斯时 But when they push into Texas in the early 1830s, 10 00:00:26,040 --> 00:00:27,870 他们必须直面一个土著势力 they must confront a Native power 11 00:00:27,870 --> 00:00:30,040 这个民族统治南部平原 that's dominated the Southern Plains 12 00:00:30,040 --> 00:00:31,870 已逾百年之久 for the last hundred years. 13 00:00:31,870 --> 00:00:34,950 九岁女孩辛西娅·安·帕克 A nine-year-old girl, Cynthia Ann Parker 14 00:00:34,950 --> 00:00:37,830 将发现自己身处一场争夺大陆中心 will find her herself at the center of a battle 15 00:00:37,830 --> 00:00:39,910的控制权之战的核心 to control the heart of the continent, 16 00:00:39,910 --> 00:00:42,330 这场斗争在三个宿敌之间展开 fought between three bitter rivals, 17 00:00:42,330 --> 00:00:45,540 即美国、墨西哥与科曼奇族 the US, Mexico, and the Comanche. 18 00:00:50,040 --> 00:00:51,500 - 人类靠神话生存 - People live on myths, 19 00:00:52,580 --> 00:00:55,250 而真正扎根于美国记忆的传说 and the myths that really stick in the American experience 20 00:00:55,250 --> 00:00:56,700 正是西部神话 are the myths of the West. 21 00:00:59,160 --> 00:01:01,750 群山更高峻，荒漠更严酷 The mountains were taller, the deserts were harsher, 22 00:01:01,750 --> 00:01:03,700 积雪更深厚 the snows were deeper. 23 00:01:03,700 --> 00:01:09,000 - 美国西部意味着奇迹、可能与机遇 - American West conjures wonder, possibility, opportunity. 24 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:11,080 - 山地猎人的形象 - The figure of the mountain man. 25 00:01:11,080 --> 00:01:13,450 恶名昭彰的法外之徒 Notorious outlaws. 26 00:01:13,450 --> 00:01:15,000 - 牛仔 - The cowboy. 27 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:17,790 - 加利福尼亚的淘金热 - The discovery of gold in California. 28 00:01:17,790 --> 00:01:22,120 篷车队伍在草原上蜿蜒前行 This train of wagons trailing across the prairie. 29 00:01:22,120 --> 00:01:25,370 - 每个人都对这片土地心怀渴望 - Everybody has a reason for wanting this land. 30 00:01:26,540 --> 00:01:30,160 - 但这片土地大多已有主 - But most of that land was already occupied. 31 00:01:33,870 --> 00:01:38,410 - 我们的居民在此生活了逾万年 - We have had residents for more than 10,000 years. 32 00:01:38,410 --> 00:01:41,000 - 但这是两种不同生活理念的 - But this is a clash of two different ways 33 00:01:41,000 --> 00:01:42,660 激烈碰撞 of seeing life itself, 34 00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:46,410 一方为守护家园未来而战 fighting for the future of your homeland on the one side, 35 00:01:48,200 --> 00:01:50,200 另一方则为新共和国的命运 and fighting for the destiny of the new republic 36 00:01:50,200 --> 00:01:51,700 誓死相搏 on the other side. 37 00:01:55,830 --> 00:01:58,660 西部历史是一部创世史诗 The history of the West is a creation story. 38 00:02:00,250 --> 00:02:02,580 它塑造了我们所知的现代美国 It's the creation of what we think of as modern America. 39 00:02:03,580 --> 00:02:06,330 - 西部是万物皆有可能之地 - The West is a place where anything is possible. 40 00:02:08,540 --> 00:02:11,200 它是美国梦的精髓所在 It is the essence of the American dream. 41 00:02:12,620 --> 00:02:15,200 - 核心在于：我们将成为怎样的国度？ - The core of this, is what are we to be as a nation? 42 00:02:16,410 --> 00:02:18,330 清算之日终将到来 The reckoning is coming. 43 00:02:18,330 --> 00:02:21,200 西部如同画布 The West is this canvas on which 44 00:02:21,200 --> 00:02:23,950 美国梦在此幻化为不朽传奇 American dreams become larger than life. 45 00:02:31,200 --> 00:02:33,200 独立三十年後 Three decades after independence, 46 00:02:33,200 --> 00:02:35,040 美利坚的领土与人口 the United States has almost doubled 47 00:02:35,040 --> 00:02:37,660 均已近乎翻倍 in both size and population. 48 00:02:37,660 --> 00:02:41,330 最初13州现已增至17州 The original 13 states now number 17 49 00:02:41,330 --> 00:02:43,910 居住着五百万美国公民 and are home to five million Americans 50 00:02:43,910 --> 00:02:46,540 与六十万原住民 and 600,000 Indigenous people. 51 00:02:48,450 --> 00:02:50,200 北美大陆上未纳入版图之地 Most of the land the United States 52 00:02:50,200 --> 00:02:52,620 doesn't occupy in North America, 53 00:02:52,620 --> 00:02:55,120 大多由英国或西班牙宣称主权 is claimed by Great Britain or Spain. 54 00:02:56,290 --> 00:02:58,160 但在南部大平原 But on the Southern Great Plains, 55 00:02:58,160 --> 00:03:00,790 延续三百年的西班牙帝国 the 300-year-old Spanish empire is struggling 56 00:03:02,370 --> 00:03:05,540 正面临意想不到的霸权挑战 against an unexpected threat to its power. 57 00:03:09,290 --> 00:03:11,620 - 早在欧洲人抵达北美之前 - Long before the Europeans arrived in North America, 58 00:03:11,620 --> 00:03:14,200 平原上就生活着印第安部落 there have been Indians living on the Plains. 59 00:03:16,660 --> 00:03:19,950 - 科曼奇族便是其中一支 - And among those peoples were the Comanches. 60 00:03:19,950 --> 00:03:22,290 - 若将时光定格在 - If you were to take a snapshot of them in let's say, 61 00:03:22,290 --> 00:03:24,200 1600年或1500年 the year 1600 or 1500, 62 00:03:24,200 --> 00:03:26,580 他们当时只是个小部落 they would've been a small tribe. 63 00:03:26,580 --> 00:03:30,000 可被归为游牧狩猎采集者 You would've described them as nomadic hunter-gatherers. 64 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:33,870 而后在1625年左右 Then sometime around 1625, 65 00:03:33,870 --> 00:03:37,370 一场变革让这个原本 something happened to turn this very sort of minor 66 00:03:37,370 --> 00:03:39,790 在平原上无足轻重的族群 and somewhat insignificant player on the Plains 67 00:03:39,790 --> 00:03:43,200 蜕变为平原最强势力 into the single most powerful force on the Plains. 68 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:45,040 那就是马匹的到来 That was the arrival of the horse. 69 00:03:48,200 --> 00:03:50,200 随着西班牙人到来 With the Spanish, the horse arrives 70 00:03:50,200 --> 00:03:51,700 马匹于16世纪末现身 in the late 16th century, 71 00:03:52,700 --> 00:03:54,580 而最擅驾驭此物的部落 and the tribe that knows what to do with it 72 00:03:54,580 --> 00:03:57,750 非科曼奇族莫属 more than anybody else is the Comanches. 73 00:03:57,750 --> 00:04:02,040 - 马匹使科曼奇人得以 - The horse is what enabled for Comanches to be able to go 74 00:04:02,040 --> 00:04:04,370 建立并壮大 and to build up this thing 75 00:04:04,370 --> 00:04:07,450 如今史学家所称的帝国 that now historians are calling an empire. 76 00:04:08,540 --> 00:04:10,250 凭借马匹之力 With the help of the horse, 77 00:04:10,250 --> 00:04:13,540 科曼奇族成为狩猎野牛的大师 the Comanche become master buffalo hunters. 78 00:04:13,540 --> 00:04:16,540 - 野牛对科曼奇文化 - Buffalo became even more essential 79 00:04:16,540 --> 00:04:18,410 与生活方式的必要性 to the Comanche culture and way of living 80 00:04:18,410 --> 00:04:19,700 更胜以往 than it had been before 81 00:04:19,700 --> 00:04:21,200 他们不事农耕 because they're not growing crops, 82 00:04:21,200 --> 00:04:23,700 全靠野牛为生 they're living off the buffalo. 83 00:04:26,700 --> 00:04:28,160 - 专家估计当时存在 - Experts estimate that there was 84 00:04:28,160 --> 00:04:32,370 多达三千万头野牛，规模惊人 as many as 30 million buffalo, huge herds. 85 00:04:32,370 --> 00:04:34,160 你静立原地 You could stand still 86 00:04:34,160 --> 00:04:36,250 牛群需数小时才能过尽 and it would take hours for them to pass. 87 00:04:37,250 --> 00:04:39,870 - 野牛就是一切 - The buffalo were everything, 88 00:04:39,870 --> 00:04:43,500 既是食物来源，也提供住所 for sustenance, for shelter, the teepees, 89 00:04:43,500 --> 00:04:45,370 帐篷与衣物 the hides, clothing. 90 00:04:46,950 --> 00:04:48,580 野牛是生命之源 The buffalo is a life source. 91 00:04:50,410 --> 00:04:53,040 在马背上追逐野牛的过程中 Chasing down buffalo from horseback, 92 00:04:53,040 --> 00:04:55,080 科曼奇人练就了全速奔驰时 the Comanche learned to fire arrows 93 00:04:55,080 --> 00:04:57,450 百发百中的箭术 with deadly accuracy at a full gallop, 94 00:04:58,580 --> 00:05:00,790 他们将这项技能用于征战 a skill they bring to warfare 95 00:05:00,790 --> 00:05:03,790 以马颈为盾隐蔽自身 as they shield themselves behind the neck of the horse. 96 00:05:05,370 --> 00:05:08,500 - 他们马背作战的能力 - Their abilities to fight from horseback 97 00:05:08,500 --> 00:05:11,290 是世人从未见过的 were things that people had never seen before. 98 00:05:11,290 --> 00:05:12,620 - 他们被誉为 - They had been called 99 00:05:12,620 --> 00:05:16,290 人类战争史上 the most effective and formidable light cavalry 100 00:05:16,290 --> 00:05:17,870 最精锐强悍的轻骑兵 in the history of human warfare. 101 00:05:17,870 --> 00:05:20,370 他们成为平原的灾星 And they became the scourge of the plains. 102 00:05:21,660 --> 00:05:23,450 - 他们将南部平原各族 - They're blowing tribes off of the Southern Plains 103 00:05:23,450 --> 00:05:25,040 接连驱逐 left and right. 104 00:05:25,040 --> 00:05:28,500 几乎将纳瓦霍与阿帕奇部族灭绝 They drove Navajos and Apaches nearly to extinction. 105 00:05:28,500 --> 00:05:30,370 科曼奇人凶悍地守护 The Comanche fiercely protect 106 00:05:30,370 --> 00:05:33,290 其猎场免受一切潜在威胁 their hunting grounds from all potential threats, 107 00:05:33,290 --> 00:05:35,750 尤其是西班牙人 above all, the Spanish. 108 00:05:35,750 --> 00:05:38,160 - 他们会突袭定居点抢夺马匹 - They would raid settlements and steal horses, 109 00:05:38,160 --> 00:05:40,790 劫掠成了生活方式 and raiding became a way of life. 110 00:05:41,830 --> 00:05:43,080 - 科曼奇族 - The Comanches, 111 00:05:43,080 --> 00:05:44,910 是大平原上最成功的扩张势力 they're the most successful expansionist power 112 00:05:44,910 --> 00:05:46,450 on the Great Plains. 113 00:05:46,450 --> 00:05:47,790 他们是 They're the ones 114 00:05:47,790 --> 00:05:49,830 最成功的帝国缔造者 who are the most successful empire builders. 115 00:05:51,080 --> 00:05:52,910 至18世纪50年代中期 By the mid 1750s, 116 00:05:52,910 --> 00:05:56,500 科曼奇族已扼制西班牙扩张势头 the Comanche have halted Spanish expansion in its tracks. 117 00:05:57,450 --> 00:05:59,790 其人口达四万之众 With a population of 40,000, 118 00:05:59,790 --> 00:06:03,250 帝国疆域广逾法国 their empire dominates an area larger than France, 119 00:06:03,250 --> 00:06:06,250 面积约二十五万平方英里 some 250,000 square miles 120 00:06:06,250 --> 00:06:08,660 被称为科曼奇利亚 known as Comancheria. 121 00:06:08,660 --> 00:06:12,370 - 科曼奇帝国不同于欧洲帝国 - This Comanche empire doesn't look like European empires. 122 00:06:12,370 --> 00:06:14,120 没有中央集权 It doesn't have a central authority. 123 00:06:14,120 --> 00:06:15,950 他们分为若干部落 They were broken down into bands, 124 00:06:15,950 --> 00:06:18,040 但自有政策体系 but it has its own policies, 125 00:06:18,040 --> 00:06:21,870 经济策略与外交手段 its own economic strategies, its own foreign policy, 126 00:06:21,870 --> 00:06:24,700 通过协作统治这片区域 as they work together to dominate this area. 127 00:06:24,700 --> 00:06:26,750 - 若你身处科曼奇利亚 - And if you were in Comancheria, 128 00:06:26,750 --> 00:06:28,580 随时可能遭遇袭击 you were liable to be raided upon 129 00:06:28,580 --> 00:06:31,830 甚至被科曼奇人杀害 and perhaps killed by the Comanches almost at any moment. 130 00:06:31,830 --> 00:06:33,540 当西班牙北美帝国 As its North American empire 131 00:06:33,540 --> 00:06:36,080 遭受科曼奇突袭之际 is under assault from Comanche raids, 132 00:06:36,080 --> 00:06:39,580 西班牙在北美势力正日渐衰微 Spanish power in North America is in decline. 133 00:06:40,700 --> 00:06:44,160 1821年，历经十一年反抗 In 1821, after an 11-year rebellion, 134 00:06:44,160 --> 00:06:46,450 墨西哥赢得独立 Mexico wins independence 135 00:06:46,450 --> 00:06:49,700 同时获得西班牙全部北美领地 along with all of Spain's North American lands. 136 00:06:49,700 --> 00:06:53,540 其中包括得克萨斯省 That includes the province of Tejas, or Texas, 137 00:06:53,540 --> 00:06:56,620 约四分之三区域现属科曼奇利亚 about 3/4 of which is now in Comancheria. 138 00:06:58,370 --> 00:07:01,250 为保卫得克萨斯免受科曼奇侵袭 To safeguard Texas against Comanche raiding, 139 00:07:01,250 --> 00:07:05,120 墨西哥新统治者意图建立人肉盾牌 the new Mexican rulers look to create a human shield, 140 00:07:05,120 --> 00:07:06,830 利用美国殖民者 with American settlers. 141 00:07:11,040 --> 00:07:13,910 - 19世纪20年代，美国人受招而来 - In the 1820s, the Americans have been invited in. 142 00:07:13,910 --> 00:07:16,700 美国人迁居异国 And so Americans are moving to a foreign country 143 00:07:16,700 --> 00:07:20,950 因能获得数千英亩免费土地 because they're gonna get free land, thousands of acres. 144 00:07:20,950 --> 00:07:23,410 - 这是片异常肥沃的土地 - It's this incredibly fertile land, 145 00:07:23,410 --> 00:07:24,870 他们成群结队涌入 and they come in by droves, 146 00:07:24,870 --> 00:07:28,250 构筑起抵御科曼奇人的缓冲带 and they create a buffer against the Comanches. 147 00:07:28,250 --> 00:07:29,700 - 这些美国人 - These Americans, 148 00:07:29,700 --> 00:07:31,870 曾与切罗基、奇卡索印第安人打交道 they've dealt with Cherokees and Chickasaw Indians, 149 00:07:31,870 --> 00:07:33,500 自以为熟知印第安部落 so they think they know what Indians are. 150 00:07:33,500 --> 00:07:35,500 觉得不足为惧 Eh, no big deal. 151 00:07:35,500 --> 00:07:37,660 - 于是掀起了一场拓地狂潮 - And so there's a land rush, 152 00:07:37,660 --> 00:07:40,500 如同后来美国西部的淘金热一般 as there will later be gold rushes in the American West. 153 00:07:41,410 --> 00:07:42,950 此后十五年间 Over the next 15 years, 154 00:07:42,950 --> 00:07:45,870 超过三万名殖民者迁入得克萨斯 more than 30,000 settlers moved to Texas 155 00:07:45,870 --> 00:07:48,870 寻求机遇与沃土 looking for opportunity and fertile land. 156 00:07:48,870 --> 00:07:51,540 帕克家族便是其中一员 Among them, the Parker family. 157 00:07:51,540 --> 00:07:53,700 - 帕克家族来到得克萨斯 - The Parkers came to Texas 158 00:07:53,700 --> 00:07:56,620 因他们家境并不富裕 because they weren't particularly well off 159 00:07:56,620 --> 00:07:58,750 无力购置土地 and so they couldn't buy land 160 00:07:58,750 --> 00:08:00,580 在地价高涨之地 where land had gotten expensive. 161 00:08:01,910 --> 00:08:04,870 - 他们从弗吉尼亚启程迁至伊利诺伊 - They start in Virginia and they migrate to Illinois, 162 00:08:04,870 --> 00:08:08,540 最终于1833年落脚得克萨斯 and they end up in Texas in 1833. 163 00:08:08,540 --> 00:08:11,910 土地即财富 墨西哥政府赠予帕克家男性 Land is wealth and Mexico gave the Parker men 164 00:08:11,910 --> 00:08:17,000 一万六千英亩风光旖旎的丘陵草原 a 16,000-acre parcel of nice rolling savanna 165 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:19,790 这远超他们最狂野的梦想 that's just beyond your wildest dreams. 166 00:08:23,040 --> 00:08:28,080 - 他们在科曼奇领地边缘 - And they build Fort Parker like a military compound 167 00:08:28,080 --> 00:08:30,540 建造了帕克堡军事据点 on the very edge of Comanche country. 168 00:08:31,790 --> 00:08:33,540 随行的38名成员 Arriving with 38 members 169 00:08:33,540 --> 00:08:35,790 来自帕克家族旁系 of the extended Parker family 170 00:08:35,790 --> 00:08:38,160 包括九岁的辛西娅·安 is nine-year-old Cynthia Ann. 171 00:08:40,910 --> 00:08:43,500 - 辛西娅·安有三名兄弟姐妹 - Cynthia Ann's got three brothers and sisters 172 00:08:43,500 --> 00:08:47,290 父母是虔诚的浸礼会教徒 and her parents are God-fearing Baptists. 173 00:08:47,290 --> 00:08:50,370 他们相信上帝早已注定一切 They believe God has already willed what is going to happen 174 00:08:50,370 --> 00:08:51,830 并就此安身立命 and they make their life. 175 00:08:55,700 --> 00:08:58,540 - 对印第安人而言 只要美国人只是过客 - To the Indians, as long as Americans are passing through, 176 00:08:58,540 --> 00:09:01,200 尚可成为有用的贸易伙伴 they are useful trading partners. 177 00:09:01,200 --> 00:09:04,160 但一旦美国人开始定居 But once Americans start to settle in places, 178 00:09:05,870 --> 00:09:08,040 冲突往往随之而来 that's usually when conflict ensues. 179 00:09:11,120 --> 00:09:13,540 - 帕克家族居住在前线地带 - The Parkers live out on the frontier, 180 00:09:13,540 --> 00:09:15,250 因此他们在承担风险 so they're taking the risk. 181 00:09:16,500 --> 00:09:18,910 生死皆有可能 Maybe you'll survive, maybe you won't. 182 00:09:22,080 --> 00:09:23,580 虽然科曼奇人对 While the Comanche are a threat 183 00:09:23,580 --> 00:09:25,620 美国殖民者构成威胁 to American settlers, 184 00:09:25,620 --> 00:09:29,080 如今美国人才是墨西哥的威胁 it's the Americans who are now a threat to Mexico. 185 00:09:29,080 --> 00:09:33,120 - 墨西哥于1829年废止奴隶制 - Mexico's outlawed slavery in 1829, 186 00:09:33,120 --> 00:09:35,830 但许多被吸引至墨西哥的殖民者 but many of the settlers who were attracted to Mexico come 187 00:09:35,830 --> 00:09:37,660 为种植棉花 for the raising of cotton 188 00:09:37,660 --> 00:09:41,500 及其他依赖奴隶的产业而来 and other slavery-dependent commodities, 189 00:09:41,500 --> 00:09:43,500 他们随身带来了奴隶 and they bring their slaves with them. 190 00:09:43,500 --> 00:09:46,870 这将引发墨西哥 This is gonna create a conflict between Mexico 191 00:09:46,870 --> 00:09:50,040 与其受邀美国移民之间的冲突 and its invited guests from the United States. 192 00:09:50,040 --> 00:09:53,410 - 到1836年 得克萨斯的美国人以独立之名 - And by 1836, Americans in Texas revolt 193 00:09:53,410 --> 00:09:55,910 发动反抗墨西哥的起义 in the name of independence from Mexico. 194 00:09:56,950 --> 00:09:58,700 经过六个月血腥战争 After a bloody six-month war, 195 00:09:58,700 --> 00:10:02,700 包括阿拉莫战役约两百名美国人阵亡 including the loss of some 200 Americans at the Alamo, 196 00:10:02,700 --> 00:10:05,370 萨姆·休斯顿率领的得克萨斯军队 Texan forces led by Sam Houston 197 00:10:05,370 --> 00:10:09,200 在圣哈辛托击败墨西哥部队 defeat Mexican troops at San Jacinto. 198 00:10:09,200 --> 00:10:11,040 休斯顿的战斗口号 Houston's rallying cry, 199 00:10:11,040 --> 00:10:13,700 "铭记阿拉莫" 激燃了部队士气 "Remember the Alamo," enflames his troops 200 00:10:13,700 --> 00:10:16,580 仅用18分钟便赢得胜利 earning victory in just 18 minutes. 201 00:10:18,040 --> 00:10:23,370 得克萨斯于1836年3月2日宣布脱离墨西哥独立 Texas declares independence from Mexico on March 2nd, 1836, 202 00:10:23,370 --> 00:10:26,000 并寻求加入美利坚合众国 and looks to join the United States. 203 00:10:27,040 --> 00:10:29,870 - 得克萨斯希望加入联邦 - Texas wants to come into the Union, 204 00:10:29,870 --> 00:10:33,000 但美国表示拒绝 but the United States says, no, you can't come in, 205 00:10:33,000 --> 00:10:37,080 因北方不愿新增蓄奴州 because Northerners don't wanna have any more slave states. 206 00:10:37,080 --> 00:10:40,500 于是得克萨斯成为独立共和国 So Texas becomes this independent republic. 207 00:10:40,500 --> 00:10:43,160 他们升起孤星旗 And so they fly this lone star flag. 208 00:10:43,160 --> 00:10:44,830 - 没有联邦军队保护 - There's no American federal power 209 00:10:44,830 --> 00:10:46,750 因得克萨斯尚未成为州 because Texas has not come in as a state. 210 00:10:46,750 --> 00:10:48,910 这些殖民者 And so these settlers are out 211 00:10:48,910 --> 00:10:52,700 处于边疆最前沿 on the absolute edge of the frontier 212 00:10:52,700 --> 00:10:54,750 毫无任何保护 with no protection of any kind around them. 213 00:10:56,910 --> 00:10:58,870 那么谁将遭受 So who is it that's going to be getting hit 214 00:10:58,870 --> 00:11:00,870 科曼奇人的袭击？ by Comanche attacks? 215 00:11:00,870 --> 00:11:02,620 将会是这些殖民者 It's going to be settlers. 216 00:11:06,660 --> 00:11:09,830 - 若你生活在1830年代的科曼奇部落 - If you're a Comanche back in the 1830s, 217 00:11:09,830 --> 00:11:12,200 突然出现一个大家族 and if suddenly a huge family, 218 00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:15,370 约二十人闯入我的后院 20 people or so showing up in my backyard 219 00:11:15,370 --> 00:11:17,040 安营扎寨 and then they set up camp, 220 00:11:17,040 --> 00:11:19,290 数月过去仍盘踞不去 several months go by and they're still there, 221 00:11:20,700 --> 00:11:22,330 你还有何选择？ what choice do you have? 222 00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:34,200 1836年一个明媚的五月的早晨 On a bright May morning In 1836, 223 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:38,870 由年轻酋长佩塔·诺科纳率领的科曼奇队伍 a group of Comanche, led by a young chief named Peta Nocona, 224 00:11:38,870 --> 00:11:40,750 驰抵帕克堡 rides up to the Parker fort. 225 00:11:42,750 --> 00:11:44,910 - 科曼奇人举着白旗前来 - Comanches have come up with a white flag. 226 00:11:46,500 --> 00:11:49,330 辛西娅·安的叔父本杰明出面交谈 Cynthia Ann's uncle Benjamin goes out to talk with them. 227 00:11:51,500 --> 00:11:53,290 对方声称需要饮水 They say they want water. 228 00:11:54,870 --> 00:11:56,120 但本杰明叔父注意到 But Uncle Benjamin notes 229 00:11:56,120 --> 00:11:58,080 他们的马匹浑身湿漉 that their horses are dripping wet 230 00:11:58,080 --> 00:11:59,750 刚离开泉水边 having just come out of the spring, 231 00:11:59,750 --> 00:12:01,790 不可能真正需要饮水 so they can't really want water. 232 00:12:08,870 --> 00:12:11,580 突然之间 场面彻底失控 Suddenly, all hell breaks loose. 233 00:12:20,040 --> 00:12:22,160 这显然是场屠杀 It's obviously a killing raid. 234 00:12:24,790 --> 00:12:26,700 科曼奇人刺伤辛西娅·安的叔父本杰明 The Comanches stabbed Cynthia Ann's uncle Benjamin 235 00:12:27,870 --> 00:12:30,120 在他存活时便剥下头皮 and scalp him while still alive. 236 00:12:35,160 --> 00:12:37,620 接下来发生的事件 What happens next is one of the most significant events 237 00:12:37,620 --> 00:12:39,330 成为美国西部史上最重要的一页 in the history of the American West. 238 00:12:41,250 --> 00:12:43,370 屠杀就此开始 Now, the killing starts. 239 00:12:45,040 --> 00:12:48,370 这座堡垒本身防御坚固 The fort itself was a very strong defense 240 00:12:48,370 --> 00:12:50,660 足以抵御外敌 in case any enemy came at you, 241 00:12:50,660 --> 00:12:53,750 但帕克家族却敞开着大门 but the Parkers have left their gate open. 242 00:12:54,950 --> 00:12:56,700 这酿成了大祸 And that's a problem. 243 00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:03,870 - 这场迅疾的暴力场面 全然关乎死亡 - This quick scene of violence, it's all about death. 244 00:13:06,540 --> 00:13:09,620 帕克家族五名成员遇害 Five members of the Parker family are killed 245 00:13:09,620 --> 00:13:11,370 四人被掳 and four are taken captive, 246 00:13:12,870 --> 00:13:16,120 包括辛西娅·安及其表姐瑞秋·普拉默 including Cynthia Ann and her cousin, Rachel Plummer. 247 00:13:18,540 --> 00:13:20,950 这场残酷袭击标志着 This brutal raid marks the beginning 248 00:13:20,950 --> 00:13:23,370 美国史上最漫长血腥的冲突 of one of the longest and bloodiest conflicts 249 00:13:23,370 --> 00:13:25,160 拉开序幕 in American history, 250 00:13:25,160 --> 00:13:28,200 即持续四十年的科曼奇战争 the 40-year fight against the Comanche. 251 00:13:42,000 --> 00:13:43,370 - 辛西娅·安·帕克 - Cynthia Ann Parker, 252 00:13:43,370 --> 00:13:46,330 我的高祖母 据我所知被掳时 my great-great-great-grandmother was, I believe, nine 253 00:13:46,330 --> 00:13:48,160 年方九岁 when she was captured. 254 00:13:51,580 --> 00:13:54,500 - 普遍认为科曼奇人抓捕俘虏 - There's this perception that the Comanche take captives 255 00:13:54,500 --> 00:13:57,370 意在索取赎金 because they're interested in ransoming them off, 256 00:13:57,370 --> 00:14:00,450 但实际上 科曼奇人同样注重 but in reality, the Comanche are also interested 257 00:14:00,450 --> 00:14:03,500 同化俘虏 in assimilating their captives. 258 00:14:03,500 --> 00:14:06,870 这能增强部落实力 This increases the strength of the tribe itself. 259 00:14:06,870 --> 00:14:08,290 帕克家族仅是 The Parkers are just a few 260 00:14:08,290 --> 00:14:10,830 19世纪初被科曼奇掳走的 of the hundreds of captives taken by the Comanche 261 00:14:10,830 --> 00:14:13,160 数百名俘虏中的少数 in the early 1800s. 262 00:14:13,160 --> 00:14:15,910 许多人再未与家人重逢 Many never see their families again. 263 00:14:15,910 --> 00:14:18,910 - 科曼奇人会掳走儿童 - Comanches would capture the children 264 00:14:18,910 --> 00:14:21,870 将其吸纳进部落 to be incorporated into the tribe 265 00:14:21,870 --> 00:14:24,580 成为科曼奇男女 to become Comanche men, Comanche women. 266 00:14:25,750 --> 00:14:27,370 俘虏者将辛西娅·安 Her captors take Cynthia Ann 267 00:14:27,370 --> 00:14:29,580 带入科曼奇控制的腹地 deep into Comanche-controlled land. 268 00:14:30,700 --> 00:14:32,500 她的家人试图寻找她 Her family tries to find her, 269 00:14:32,500 --> 00:14:35,160 但她已超出美国势力范围 but she's beyond the reach of American power. 270 00:14:46,200 --> 00:14:48,620 经过两年搜寻 Then after two years of searching, 271 00:14:48,620 --> 00:14:52,250 他们找到其表姐瑞秋·普拉默并赎回 they find her cousin Rachel Plummer and buy her back. 272 00:14:53,870 --> 00:14:56,580 - 瑞秋被送回家庭时21岁 - Rachel is 21 when she was returned to her family 273 00:14:56,580 --> 00:14:58,910 历经两年囚禁 after two years of captivity. 274 00:14:58,910 --> 00:15:00,200 最能说明 The most telling detail about 275 00:15:00,200 --> 00:15:02,080 被囚经历之惨痛的细节 what captivity must have been like 276 00:15:02,080 --> 00:15:04,620 是她醒目的红发已变得灰白 is that her striking red hair had turned gray. 277 00:15:07,950 --> 00:15:12,120 - 她出版了被俘经历的回忆录 - And she publishes a memoir of her captivity. 278 00:15:15,330 --> 00:15:17,200 他们开始用棍棒 They commenced whipping and beating me 279 00:15:17,200 --> 00:15:20,200 抽打痛击我 以致在被囚期间 with clubs, so that my flesh was never well 280 00:15:20,200 --> 00:15:22,500 我的皮肉从未脱离淤伤与创伤 from bruises and wounds during my captivity. 281 00:15:23,910 --> 00:15:25,540 孩子们常常哭泣 Often did the children cry, 282 00:15:27,200 --> 00:15:29,040 但很快被暴打声震慑 but were soon hushed by such blows 283 00:15:29,040 --> 00:15:31,040 我无法想象他们能幸存 that I had no idea they could survive. 284 00:15:36,330 --> 00:15:39,080 - 瑞秋·普拉默的囚禁经历叙述 - Rachel Plummer's narrative of her time in captivity 285 00:15:39,080 --> 00:15:40,950 成为了超级畅销书 becomes a big, big bestseller. 286 00:15:40,950 --> 00:15:43,040 它兼具真实罪案元素 It has elements of true crime, 287 00:15:43,040 --> 00:15:46,950 与超乎想象的世界描述 elements of a world that one can't possibly imagine. 288 00:15:46,950 --> 00:15:49,200 - 瑞秋的回忆录让人们清楚认识到 - Rachel's memoir makes it clear to people 289 00:15:49,200 --> 00:15:51,830 西部存在着非凡危险 that there are extraordinary dangers in the West. 290 00:15:51,830 --> 00:15:54,000 我们目睹了一个恐怖的世界 And we're seeing a world that is scary, 291 00:15:54,000 --> 00:15:57,040 一个充满暴力的世界 we're seeing a world that is filled with violence. 292 00:15:57,040 --> 00:15:59,200 - 至此 所有原本不知晓 - And now, anybody who didn't know about 293 00:15:59,200 --> 00:16:02,250 辛西娅·安·帕克与帕克家族事迹的人 如今都已知悉 Cynthia Ann Parker and the Parkers, knows it now. 294 00:16:03,620 --> 00:16:05,250 到1838年 By 1838, 295 00:16:05,250 --> 00:16:08,330 辛西娅·安已失踪两年有余 Cynthia Ann has been missing for over two years 296 00:16:08,330 --> 00:16:10,790 其表姐瑞秋·普拉默的故事 and the story of her cousin Rachel Plummer 297 00:16:10,790 --> 00:16:14,160 在全美激起恐惧与愤慨 prompts fear and outrage across America. 298 00:16:16,200 --> 00:16:19,870 然而来自美国的武装殖民者仍不断涌入 Yet armed settlers from the US continue pouring into lands 299 00:16:19,870 --> 00:16:22,250 这片新生的得克萨斯共和国宣称主权 claimed by the new Texas Republic, 300 00:16:22,250 --> 00:16:24,330 却由科曼奇人实际控制的土地 but controlled by the Comanche. 301 00:16:25,700 --> 00:16:27,250 - 你难以真正估量 - You can't really overstate 302 00:16:27,250 --> 00:16:29,870 这个新共和国时期的得克萨斯人 the amount of land the Texans of this new republic 303 00:16:29,870 --> 00:16:31,040 发放的土地数量 were giving out. 304 00:16:31,040 --> 00:16:34,000 一经勘测 即归你所有 And once you surveyed it, it was yours. 305 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:36,290 - 科曼奇人意识到 - The Comanche recognized that 306 00:16:36,290 --> 00:16:40,330 勘测员是殖民的先遣队 surveyors are the advanced guard of settlement. 307 00:16:40,330 --> 00:16:43,500 因此勘测员屡遭杀害 And so surveyors are killed left and right. 308 00:16:45,370 --> 00:16:48,370 - 这遂成为美国最危险的职业 - Then it became the most hazardous profession in America. 309 00:16:49,500 --> 00:16:51,250 随着科曼奇袭击持续 As the Comanche raids continue 310 00:16:51,250 --> 00:16:53,200 更多俘虏被掳 and more captives are taken, 311 00:16:53,200 --> 00:16:56,040 得克萨斯共和国首任总统 the first president of the Republic of Texas, 312 00:16:56,040 --> 00:16:58,580 萨姆·休斯顿主张和平 Sam Houston, promotes peace. 313 00:17:00,500 --> 00:17:01,870 少年时期 As a teenager, 314 00:17:01,870 --> 00:17:04,200 他曾与切罗基族共同生活三年 he spent three years living with the Cherokee 315 00:17:04,200 --> 00:17:07,160 对美洲原住民怀有同情 and was sympathetic toward Native Americans. 316 00:17:07,160 --> 00:17:09,120 但得克萨斯人渴求战争 But Texans want war. 317 00:17:09,120 --> 00:17:12,790 1838年12月 他们投票罢免了他 And in December of 1838, they vote him out, 318 00:17:12,790 --> 00:17:14,660 支持其副总统接任 in favor of his vice president 319 00:17:14,660 --> 00:17:18,040 此人曾在得克萨斯革命期间指挥骑兵 who commanded the cavalry during the Texas Revolution. 320 00:17:19,290 --> 00:17:23,620 - 米拉博·拉马尔于1838年就任得克萨斯总统 - Mirabeau Lamar became president of Texas in 1838 321 00:17:23,620 --> 00:17:25,620 显而易见 and it became very clear 322 00:17:25,620 --> 00:17:27,620 他是得克萨斯最凶残的人物 that this was one of the meanest people 323 00:17:27,620 --> 00:17:28,620 之一 in the state of Texas, 324 00:17:28,620 --> 00:17:32,830 其暴行多指向印第安人 and most of the meanness was directed at Indians. 325 00:17:32,830 --> 00:17:34,330 他有句名言 He has a famous phrase 326 00:17:34,330 --> 00:17:37,000 概括其对印第安政策 that describes his policy towards Indians. 327 00:17:37,870 --> 00:17:39,540 "驱逐或灭绝" "Expulsion or extinction." 328 00:17:46,250 --> 00:17:48,660 当数千美国殖民者 As thousands of American settlers claim land 329 00:17:48,660 --> 00:17:50,370 在得克萨斯共和国占据土地 in the Republic of Texas, 330 00:17:50,370 --> 00:17:53,330 他们对原住民的激进政策 their aggressive policy towards Native peoples, 331 00:17:53,330 --> 00:17:55,660 "驱逐或灭绝" "expulsion or extinction," 332 00:17:55,660 --> 00:17:58,660 与美国总统安德鲁·杰克逊 is shared by the president of the United States, 333 00:17:58,660 --> 00:18:00,200 不谋而合 Andrew Jackson. 334 00:18:00,200 --> 00:18:02,330 - 安德鲁·杰克逊希望白人殖民者 - Andrew Jackson wanted to have white settlers 335 00:18:02,330 --> 00:18:05,450 能自由获取南方各州的土地 able to have free access to land in the Southern states. 336 00:18:05,450 --> 00:18:07,620 凭借1830年《印第安人迁移法案》 By the Indian Removal Act of 1830, 337 00:18:07,620 --> 00:18:10,160 数万名美洲原住民 tens of thousands of Native Americans 338 00:18:10,160 --> 00:18:14,330 被驱离故土 被迫西迁 are taken away from their lands and forced to go west. 339 00:18:14,330 --> 00:18:17,370 但到1838年 科曼奇人仍保持自由 But in 1838, the Comanches are still free 340 00:18:17,370 --> 00:18:20,870 并在南部平原四处袭击殖民者 and attacking settlers across the Southern Plains. 341 00:18:20,870 --> 00:18:24,500 得克萨斯共和国新总统米拉博·拉马尔 The new president of the Texas Republic, Mirabeau Lamar, 342 00:18:24,500 --> 00:18:26,700 不仅誓言铲除他们 he not only vows to get rid of them, 343 00:18:26,700 --> 00:18:30,160 更承诺救回所有被俘者 he promises to recover all their captives. 344 00:18:30,160 --> 00:18:32,450 并深知执行此任的最佳人选 And knows the perfect men for the job, 345 00:18:33,700 --> 00:18:35,290 即得克萨斯巡警 the Texas Rangers. 346 00:18:38,370 --> 00:18:40,750 - 得克萨斯巡警以格杀勿论闻名 - The Texas Rangers were famous for giving no quarter. 347 00:18:43,500 --> 00:18:47,870 巡警队始于1823年 最初仅十人 The Rangers began in 1823 as a force of 10 men 348 00:18:47,870 --> 00:18:50,160 受雇保护美国殖民者 hired to protect American settlers 349 00:18:50,160 --> 00:18:52,500 于当时仍属墨西哥的得克萨斯 in what was then Mexican Texas. 350 00:18:53,580 --> 00:18:56,700 他们是志愿兵 以土地酬报勇毅 They are volunteers repaid for their bravery with land. 351 00:18:57,870 --> 00:18:59,870 当得克萨斯获得独立 When Texas gains its independence, 352 00:18:59,870 --> 00:19:04,500 巡警队扩增至三百人 仍供不应求 the Rangers grow to 300 men, and even more are needed. 353 00:19:05,450 --> 00:19:09,080 - 23岁的杰克·海斯正是得克萨斯巡警 - Jack Hays, at 23 years old, is just the type of recruit 354 00:19:09,080 --> 00:19:11,160 寻觅的招募对象 that the Texas Rangers are looking for. 355 00:19:11,160 --> 00:19:13,540 他是强悍的印第安战士 He's a formidable Indian fighter. 356 00:19:13,540 --> 00:19:16,660 精于手枪运用 He's very adept with a pistol. 357 00:19:18,790 --> 00:19:22,370 巡警队员皆未满三十且无所畏惧 The Rangers are all under 30 and fearless, 358 00:19:22,370 --> 00:19:26,200 但火力仍难敌科曼奇人 but their firepower is still no match for the Comanche. 359 00:19:27,410 --> 00:19:29,620 - 他们仅有三发弹药 - They've only got three shots. 360 00:19:29,620 --> 00:19:31,790 配备肯塔基长步枪 They've got the Kentucky long rifle. 361 00:19:33,500 --> 00:19:34,540 一发射击 One, 362 00:19:34,540 --> 00:19:36,330 外加两把单发手枪 and they've got two single shot pistols. 363 00:19:38,080 --> 00:19:39,910 其二在于他们徒步作战 Their second problem is they're afoot, 364 00:19:39,910 --> 00:19:43,750 对抗能以如此速率放箭的印第安人 against Indians who can discharge arrows at this rate, 365 00:19:45,200 --> 00:19:47,750 对方还骑乘快马 mounted on fast horses. 366 00:19:47,750 --> 00:19:50,160 你认为谁将赢得这些战斗？ Now who do you think wins those fights? 367 00:19:52,450 --> 00:19:54,200 但在1830年代末 But in the late 1830s, 368 00:19:54,200 --> 00:19:56,290 科曼奇人面临比任何武器 the Comanche are facing a threat 369 00:19:56,290 --> 00:19:58,950 更致命的威胁 that's deadlier than any weapon. 370 00:19:58,950 --> 00:20:00,540 - 欧洲疾病的传入 - The arrival of European diseases 371 00:20:00,540 --> 00:20:04,000 对原住民人口是毁灭性打击 were catastrophic for Native populations. 372 00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:09,540 - 天花的致死率是印第安人九十对白人一 - Smallpox kills 90 of the Indians for one of the whites. 373 00:20:09,540 --> 00:20:12,450 - 1839年 科曼奇部族遭天花疫情 - In 1839, the Comanches have been devastated 374 00:20:12,450 --> 00:20:15,540 重创 by a sweeping epidemic of smallpox. 375 00:20:15,540 --> 00:20:18,870 人口锐减近半 It's reduced their population almost by half. 376 00:20:18,870 --> 00:20:21,620 这迫使部分科曼奇人参与 And that's what compels some of the Comanche to attend 377 00:20:21,620 --> 00:20:24,160 得克萨斯巡警的议会厅会谈 the council house in Texas with the Texas Rangers 378 00:20:24,160 --> 00:20:27,120 试图交换数十名俘虏 which is gonna be an attempt to exchange dozens of captives 379 00:20:27,120 --> 00:20:28,830 以谋求一定和平 and achieve some measure of peace. 380 00:20:32,540 --> 00:20:36,120 - 科曼奇人仅带来一名白人俘虏 - The Comanches bring only one white captive 381 00:20:36,120 --> 00:20:38,450 名叫玛蒂尔达·洛克哈特 by the name of Matilda Lockhart. 382 00:20:38,450 --> 00:20:42,370 白人士兵要求交出所有俘虏 The white soldiers are saying, but we want all the captives. 383 00:20:42,370 --> 00:20:45,040 穆克沃鲁酋长则回应 And Chief Mukwooru he's saying, 384 00:20:45,040 --> 00:20:46,580 事情并非如此运作 it doesn't work that way. 385 00:20:47,580 --> 00:20:49,120 得克萨斯人拒绝接受 The Texans will not accept 386 00:20:49,120 --> 00:20:50,910 一个科曼奇部落的首领 that a Comanche leader from one band 387 00:20:50,910 --> 00:20:53,370 无法代表其他部落 cannot speak for another. 388 00:20:53,370 --> 00:20:55,160 随着紧张局势升级 As tensions rise, 389 00:20:55,160 --> 00:20:58,120 前来求和的十二名科曼奇首领 the 12 Comanche leaders who came to make peace 390 00:20:58,120 --> 00:21:01,330 遭挑衅卷入冲突而被射杀 are provoked into a fight and shot dead. 391 00:21:03,700 --> 00:21:06,750 另有23名科曼奇人死于街头战斗 23 more Comanche are killed in a street battle. 392 00:21:09,200 --> 00:21:11,250 消息迅速传开 The news travels quickly, 393 00:21:11,250 --> 00:21:14,580 科曼奇人的报复毫不留情 and the Comanche payback is merciless. 394 00:21:16,370 --> 00:21:18,540 - 幸存的科曼奇首领集结 - Surviving Comanche leaders get together 395 00:21:18,540 --> 00:21:23,370 组建约一千五百名经验丰富的战士 and build a force of about 1,500 seasoned warriors, 396 00:21:23,370 --> 00:21:27,410 他们将对得克萨斯南部的 and they are gonna seek vengeance on white settlers 397 00:21:27,410 --> 00:21:29,000 白人殖民者实施复仇 all across southern Texas. 398 00:21:31,620 --> 00:21:35,410 1840年的袭击史上罕见 The raid of 1840 is like no other in history. 399 00:21:35,410 --> 00:21:39,200 科曼奇各部联合发起两百英里扫荡 Comanche bands unite for a 200-mile rampage 400 00:21:39,200 --> 00:21:41,450 贯穿得克萨斯心脏地带 that slices through the heart of Texas 401 00:21:41,450 --> 00:21:43,040 直抵墨西哥湾 to the Gulf of Mexico. 402 00:21:44,450 --> 00:21:46,410 他们洗劫两座城市 They plunder two cities, 403 00:21:46,410 --> 00:21:49,830 屠杀牲畜 掠走三千匹马 slaughter cattle, and make off with 3,000 horses, 404 00:21:49,830 --> 00:21:53,410 二十余张头皮及六名俘虏 two dozen scalps, and a half a dozen captives. 405 00:21:56,870 --> 00:21:59,790 他们将沿海城镇林维尔焚为平地 They burn the coastal town of Linville to the ground. 406 00:22:01,200 --> 00:22:04,830 但技术即将扭转战局 But technology is about to turn the tide against them. 407 00:22:06,790 --> 00:22:09,870 - 塞缪尔·柯尔特是美国工业技术史上 - Samuel Colt is one of the great early entrepreneurs 408 00:22:09,870 --> 00:22:12,330 早期伟大企业家之一 in industrial technology in American history. 409 00:22:12,330 --> 00:22:15,290 他恰专注于 firearms He just so happens to focus on firearms. 410 00:22:15,290 --> 00:22:17,370 早在1836年 Back in 1836, 411 00:22:17,370 --> 00:22:21,870 22岁的柯尔特获专利发明 22-year-old Colt patented a new invention, 412 00:22:21,870 --> 00:22:24,790 一款可连发五次的转轮手枪 a repeating pistol that can fire five times 413 00:22:24,790 --> 00:22:26,370 用时不足三十秒 in under 30 seconds, 414 00:22:26,370 --> 00:22:28,620 较之装填一发 a major upgrade from rifles 415 00:22:28,620 --> 00:22:32,080 需时一分钟的步枪是重大升级 that can take a minute to load just one shot. 416 00:22:32,080 --> 00:22:34,290 - 首位传奇巡警杰克·海斯 - Jack Hays, the first great Ranger, 417 00:22:34,290 --> 00:22:37,000 立即意识到这将变革 immediately understood that this could transform 418 00:22:37,000 --> 00:22:39,290 美国西部的战争形态 warfare in the American West. 419 00:22:39,290 --> 00:22:43,040 于是他让巡警队开展马背训练 So he gets the Rangers drilling on horseback. 420 00:22:43,040 --> 00:22:45,580 他们完全效仿科曼奇人的战术 They are doing exactly what the Comanches are doing 421 00:22:45,580 --> 00:22:48,000 只是使用不同类型的武器 except they're doing it with a different type of weapon. 422 00:22:49,370 --> 00:22:51,080 - 柯尔特六发左轮迅速 - The Colt six shooter fast 423 00:22:51,080 --> 00:22:54,410 成为得克萨斯巡警的标志 becomes part of the brand of the Texas Rangers. 424 00:22:55,700 --> 00:22:58,870 - 美国人毫无疑问地确信 - The Americans know without any question 425 00:22:58,870 --> 00:23:03,040 这将是夺取西部的关键 that this is going to be the key to taking the West. 426 00:23:07,410 --> 00:23:10,500 至1844年 近十年光阴流逝 By 1844, nearly a decade has passed 427 00:23:10,500 --> 00:23:14,330 自辛西娅·安·帕克音讯全无后 since Cynthia Ann Parker disappeared without a trace. 428 00:23:14,330 --> 00:23:15,830 但出乎意料的是 But out of the blue, 429 00:23:15,830 --> 00:23:18,450 一名印第安事务官声称目睹其踪 an Indian agent claims to have seen her. 430 00:23:19,700 --> 00:23:21,870 她现已以科曼奇人身份生活 She's now living as a Comanche. 431 00:23:22,870 --> 00:23:25,200 - 她全身涂满野牛油脂 - She was covered in buffalo grease, 432 00:23:25,200 --> 00:23:27,370 与其他印第安妇女无异 not unlike other Indian women. 433 00:23:28,370 --> 00:23:30,250 - 她现名纳杜阿 - She is now called Naduah, 434 00:23:30,250 --> 00:23:32,620 意为"被寻获者" which means one who was found, 435 00:23:32,620 --> 00:23:36,660 或"温暖家族者" or one who keeps the family warm. 436 00:23:36,660 --> 00:23:40,580 - 她已与佩塔·诺科纳成婚数年 - She has been married for a number of years to Peta Nocona, 437 00:23:40,580 --> 00:23:45,370 这位酋长正是当年掳走她的科曼奇人之一 a chief who was among the Comanches who captured her. 438 00:23:45,370 --> 00:23:48,870 - 育有二子夸纳与佩科斯 - They have two sons, Quanah and Pecos. 439 00:23:48,870 --> 00:23:51,830 及女托普桑纳 And a daughter by the name of Topsannah. 440 00:23:51,830 --> 00:23:55,370 印第安事务官试图赎回辛西娅·安 The Indian agent tries to buy back Cynthia Ann, 441 00:23:55,370 --> 00:23:57,870 但她拒绝离开 but she refuses to leave. 442 00:23:57,870 --> 00:24:00,370 - 这对边疆民众而言 - This was an astounding revelation 443 00:24:00,370 --> 00:24:02,540 是惊人发现 to people in the frontier. 444 00:24:02,540 --> 00:24:04,790 她不愿归来令人震惊 It was a shock that she wouldn't return. 445 00:24:04,790 --> 00:24:08,120 - 人们说她仿佛堕入黑暗面 - They say that she had sort of gone over to the dark side. 446 00:24:08,120 --> 00:24:10,450 白人文明为之震惊 White civilization freaked out. 447 00:24:10,450 --> 00:24:12,700 - 试想身为 - Let's imagine what it's like to be 448 00:24:12,700 --> 00:24:17,200 1830年代的美国殖民女性 an American settler woman in the 1830s. 449 00:24:17,200 --> 00:24:19,540 唯有艰辛无尽的劳役 It's just bone grinding work. 450 00:24:19,540 --> 00:24:23,500 且身处极度父权文化之中 And you're also in a very patriarchal culture. 451 00:24:23,500 --> 00:24:25,040 相较之下 By comparison, 452 00:24:25,040 --> 00:24:29,040 对某些被俘者而言 部族生活 being a member of a tribe was a world of freedom 453 00:24:29,040 --> 00:24:30,500 意味着自由天地 for some of these captives. 454 00:24:30,500 --> 00:24:31,870 - 她不愿归来 - She didn't want to come back. 455 00:24:31,870 --> 00:24:33,790 部族不愿放弃她 The tribe didn't want to give her up, 456 00:24:33,790 --> 00:24:35,750 丈夫不愿放弃她 her husband didn't want to give her up. 457 00:24:35,750 --> 00:24:37,830 辛西娅·安决意留下 Cynthia Ann is not going anywhere. 458 00:24:42,450 --> 00:24:45,120 时值1844年大选年 It's 1844, an election year, 459 00:24:45,120 --> 00:24:46,950 最炙手可热的政治议题 and the hottest political topic 460 00:24:46,950 --> 00:24:51,700 是否兼并蓄奴的得克萨斯共和国 is whether or not to annex Texas, a slave-holding republic. 461 00:24:51,700 --> 00:24:55,000 美国国会对此分歧严重 The United States Congress is deeply divided on the issue. 462 00:24:56,700 --> 00:25:00,700 - 西进扩张加剧了奴隶制争议 - Westward expansion exacerbates the issue of slavery, 463 00:25:00,700 --> 00:25:03,200 因当时美国始终存在微妙平衡 because there had always been this delicate balance 464 00:25:03,200 --> 00:25:04,790 between those who were opposed to the extension of slavery 465 00:25:04,790 --> 00:25:07,200 between those who were opposed to the extension of slavery 466 00:25:07,200 --> 00:25:10,870 与致力扩张奴隶制者之间 and those who were interested in expanding slavery. 467 00:25:10,870 --> 00:25:13,700 - 詹姆斯·波尔克以民主党身份竞选总统 - James Polk runs for president on the democratic ticket 468 00:25:13,700 --> 00:25:17,200 宣称美国将兼并得克萨斯 and says that the United States is going to annex Texas, 469 00:25:17,200 --> 00:25:19,120 及整个俄勒冈 and all of Oregon, 470 00:25:19,120 --> 00:25:20,700 最终胜选 and he wins. 471 00:25:20,700 --> 00:25:23,750 此举扭转了国会力量平衡 Then at that point, it tips the balance in Congress. 472 00:25:25,370 --> 00:25:28,500 1845年12月29日 On December 29th, 1845, 473 00:25:28,500 --> 00:25:30,540 波尔克总统正式迎接 President Polk formally welcomes 474 00:25:30,540 --> 00:25:32,750 这个新蓄奴州加入联邦 a new slave state into the Union, 475 00:25:33,750 --> 00:25:34,830 得克萨斯 Texas, 476 00:25:35,870 --> 00:25:39,000 加剧了国内日益严重的奴隶制分歧 deepening the nation's growing divide over slavery. 477 00:25:40,660 --> 00:25:42,160 但借此契机 But with this addition, 478 00:25:42,160 --> 00:25:45,750 波尔克看到美国扩张的新机遇 Polk sees yet another opportunity for US expansion. 479 00:25:47,120 --> 00:25:49,750 - 詹姆斯·K·波尔克总统就职后 - When President James K. Polk takes office, 480 00:25:49,750 --> 00:25:52,700 迅速派遣大批美军 he quickly sends a large contingent of American soldiers 481 00:25:52,700 --> 00:25:54,580 进驻美墨边境 down to the US-Mexico border 482 00:25:54,580 --> 00:25:56,450 意图挑起 with the intention of provoking 483 00:25:56,450 --> 00:25:58,790 与墨西哥军队的冲突 a clash with Mexican soldiers. 484 00:25:59,950 --> 00:26:02,540 果不其然 冲突如期发生 And lo and behold, that is precisely what happens, 485 00:26:02,540 --> 00:26:04,250 这成为美国 and that becomes the pretext 486 00:26:04,250 --> 00:26:06,290 对墨西哥宣战的借口 for US declaring war on Mexico. 487 00:26:07,540 --> 00:26:10,080 - 美墨战争只能被形容为 - The Mexican war can only be described 488 00:26:10,080 --> 00:26:14,580 赤裸裸的帝国扩张与土地掠夺 as a war of naked imperial expansion and land grab. 489 00:26:14,580 --> 00:26:16,910 毫无正当性可言 It has no justification of any sort. 490 00:26:16,910 --> 00:26:19,040 其间暴行累累 There's a lot of brutality in it. 491 00:26:19,040 --> 00:26:22,370 两年后 美墨战争于1848年结束 Two years later, the Mexican war ends in 1848 492 00:26:22,370 --> 00:26:26,200 美国获得广阔新领土 and the United States gains an enormous new territory, 493 00:26:26,200 --> 00:26:28,700 将由此设立多个州 out of which a number of states will be carved. 494 00:26:28,700 --> 00:26:32,700 主要包括加利福尼亚 亚利桑那 新墨西哥 犹他 Principally California, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, 495 00:26:32,700 --> 00:26:34,660 及科罗拉多部分地区 and part of Colorado. 496 00:26:35,750 --> 00:26:37,370 波尔克对墨西哥的胜利 Polk's victory over Mexico 497 00:26:37,370 --> 00:26:41,950 为美国带来120万平方英里新土地 gives the US 1.2 million square miles of new land, 498 00:26:41,950 --> 00:26:46,120 领土瞬间增长66% an instant 66% increase to its territory, 499 00:26:46,120 --> 00:26:49,500 疆域直抵太平洋沿岸 that extends its boundary to the Pacific Coast. 500 00:26:49,500 --> 00:26:53,040 为确保土地向美国殖民者开放 And to ensure the land is open for American settlement, 501 00:26:53,040 --> 00:26:58,450 国会于1851年通过《印第安拨地法案》 Congress passes the Indian Appropriations Act in 1851, 502 00:26:58,450 --> 00:27:00,580 建立保留地制度 creating the reservation system. 503 00:27:01,500 --> 00:27:02,870 政府声称 The government claims 504 00:27:02,870 --> 00:27:05,500 此举将约束并保护原住民 it will contain and protect the Indigenous people 505 00:27:05,500 --> 00:27:07,700 免受西进美国殖民者侵扰 from American settlers moving west. 506 00:27:08,660 --> 00:27:10,870 但众多美洲原住民部落 But many Native American tribes, 507 00:27:10,870 --> 00:27:13,250 包括科曼奇族 奋起反抗 including the Comanche, fight back. 508 00:27:15,700 --> 00:27:17,830 - 佩塔·诺科纳发动了一系列 - Peta Nocona began a series 509 00:27:17,830 --> 00:27:21,500 极其残暴的科曼奇袭击 of horrifically violent Comanche raids. 510 00:27:21,500 --> 00:27:23,080 最严重的袭击发生在 The worst of the raids are 511 00:27:23,080 --> 00:27:25,330 以辛西娅·安叔父命名的县 in the county named after Cynthia Ann's uncle, 512 00:27:25,330 --> 00:27:26,540 帕克县 Parker County. 513 00:27:31,870 --> 00:27:33,080 对科曼奇人而言 To the Comanche, 514 00:27:33,080 --> 00:27:36,540 佩塔·诺科纳是受人敬仰的强大守护者 Peta Nocona is revered as a powerful protector. 515 00:27:36,540 --> 00:27:37,870 但对得克萨斯人来说 But to Texans, 516 00:27:37,870 --> 00:27:40,370 他是吓退殖民者的暴力恐怖分子 he's a violent terrorist that's scaring off settlers. 517 00:27:48,790 --> 00:27:50,870 1860年12月 In December of 1860, 518 00:27:50,870 --> 00:27:53,790 美军骑兵萨尔·罗斯联合 US cavalryman Sul Ross teams up 519 00:27:53,790 --> 00:27:56,120 得克萨斯巡警查尔斯·古德奈特 with Texas Ranger, Charles Goodnight 520 00:27:56,120 --> 00:27:59,080 追捕诺科纳并将其铲除 to track down Nocona and take him out. 521 00:28:00,080 --> 00:28:03,200 他们定位到科曼奇补给点 They locate a Comanche supply depot. 522 00:28:03,200 --> 00:28:06,040 认为佩塔·诺科纳藏身于此 They think this is where they're gonna find Peta Nocona. 523 00:28:07,370 --> 00:28:11,290 - 营地中多为妇孺 - The camp was mostly just women and children. 524 00:28:11,290 --> 00:28:13,040 男性外出狩猎 The men are out hunting. 525 00:28:14,660 --> 00:28:16,200 - 但他们依然发动攻击 - But they attack anyway. 526 00:28:20,290 --> 00:28:21,700 这是场不公平的战斗 It's not a fair fight. 527 00:28:32,330 --> 00:28:34,040 但其中一人 But one of them, 528 00:28:34,040 --> 00:28:35,790 竟是辛西娅·安·帕克 actually turns out to be Cynthia Ann Parker, 529 00:28:35,790 --> 00:28:37,790 她在即将被杀时转身 who turns at the moment where she's about to be killed 530 00:28:37,790 --> 00:28:40,410 高举怀中幼女 and holds up her small child. 531 00:28:42,040 --> 00:28:43,700 - 起初他们以为 - And at first, they just assumed 532 00:28:43,700 --> 00:28:45,080 她只是待戮的科曼奇人 she's another Comanche to be killed. 533 00:28:46,040 --> 00:28:48,080 当靠近她时 And when they got up close to her, 534 00:28:48,080 --> 00:28:51,290 看见蓝眼睛才惊觉其身份 and they saw the blue eyes, they're like, who is this? 535 00:28:54,200 --> 00:28:55,910 他们很快意识到 They soon realize 536 00:28:55,910 --> 00:28:59,330 这就是失踪多年的著名科曼奇俘虏 this is the long-lost famous Comanche captive, 537 00:28:59,330 --> 00:29:03,700 那位举国闻名的 the white woman that people across the country 538 00:29:03,700 --> 00:29:05,080 白人女子 were hearing about. 539 00:29:07,450 --> 00:29:10,540 时年33岁的辛西娅·安·帕克 Cynthia Ann Parker, now 33 years old, 540 00:29:10,540 --> 00:29:13,000 不愿离开科曼奇部落 does not want to leave the Comanche. 541 00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:16,330 但她再次被敌人俘虏 But once again, she's taken captive by an enemy, 542 00:29:16,330 --> 00:29:19,700 此次还带着幼女托普桑纳 this time with her baby daughter, Topsannah. 543 00:29:21,450 --> 00:29:25,250 其夫佩塔·诺科纳的命运湮没于历史 The fate of her husband, Peta Nocona, is lost to history. 544 00:29:26,450 --> 00:29:28,580 - 得克萨斯巡警以为她唯一心愿 - The Texas Rangers assume that her only desire 545 00:29:28,580 --> 00:29:30,040 是被解救并回归 is to be rescued and taken back 546 00:29:30,040 --> 00:29:33,120 童年世界 into the the world of her childhood. 547 00:29:35,410 --> 00:29:38,290 辛西娅·安与托普桑纳 Cynthia Ann and Topsannah are reunited 548 00:29:38,290 --> 00:29:40,830 与白人亲属帕克家族重聚 with their white relatives, the Parkers, 549 00:29:40,830 --> 00:29:43,540 族人要求她们放弃科曼奇生活方式 who insist they give up their Comanche ways, 550 00:29:43,540 --> 00:29:45,000 学习圣经经文 and learn the scriptures. 551 00:29:48,950 --> 00:29:50,870 被俘后不久 Soon after her capture, 552 00:29:50,870 --> 00:29:53,370 帕克家族让她身着西方服饰 the Parker family parades her through town 553 00:29:53,370 --> 00:29:55,410 巡游全镇 in Western style clothes. 554 00:29:55,410 --> 00:29:57,410 人群蜂拥围观 Crowds flock to stare at her. 555 00:29:59,290 --> 00:30:01,250 - 他们此举意在 - They're doing all of this to be able 556 00:30:01,250 --> 00:30:03,910 向世界 向家族证明 to make a presentation to the world, to the family, 557 00:30:03,910 --> 00:30:06,950 这种改造可行 that this can work. 558 00:30:06,950 --> 00:30:10,790 - 她在白人社会被奉为 - She got held up in white society 559 00:30:10,790 --> 00:30:14,620 值得庆贺的正义象征 as celebratory, as justice, 560 00:30:14,620 --> 00:30:17,410 终获归家的典范 as finally coming home. 561 00:30:18,700 --> 00:30:22,830 她被巡警队所"解救" She was rescued by the Rangers. 562 00:30:22,830 --> 00:30:24,450 但这绝非解救 But this was no rescue. 563 00:30:24,450 --> 00:30:28,660 - 重返白人社会令辛西娅·安心碎 - Cynthia Ann is devastated being returned to white society. 564 00:30:28,660 --> 00:30:30,750 这不是她的意愿 It is not where she wants to be. 565 00:30:30,750 --> 00:30:33,700 这些人于她已是陌路 These people are strangers to her now. 566 00:30:33,700 --> 00:30:36,370 - 她实为遭胁迫拘禁 - She is basically held there under duress. 567 00:30:36,370 --> 00:30:39,540 她屡次试图逃回科曼奇部落 She tries to escape back to the Comanches. 568 00:30:39,540 --> 00:30:44,330 却总被强行带回得克萨斯文明社会 And they keep bringing her back to Texas civilization. 569 00:30:44,330 --> 00:30:45,910 - 她深陷绝望 - She's just despondent. 570 00:30:47,200 --> 00:30:49,540 她几乎失去一切 She's lost almost everything, 571 00:30:49,540 --> 00:30:51,040 茫然无措 and she doesn't know what to do. 572 00:30:57,000 --> 00:31:01,580 - 1860年辛西娅·安·帕克被"解救" - It's 1860 when Cynthia Ann Parker is "rescued" 573 00:31:01,580 --> 00:31:03,540 重返白人亲属身边 and returned to her white kin. 574 00:31:03,540 --> 00:31:05,160 同年 That same year, 575 00:31:05,160 --> 00:31:07,330 伊利诺伊州的亚伯拉罕·林肯当选总统 Abraham Lincoln of Illinois is elected to the presidency. 576 00:31:07,330 --> 00:31:10,790 他的当选立即引发南北战争 His election immediately touches off the Civil War. 577 00:31:10,790 --> 00:31:12,950 林肯执政初期 At the start of Lincoln's presidency, 578 00:31:12,950 --> 00:31:16,750 得克萨斯仅四分之一家庭拥有奴隶 only a quarter of families in Texas owned slaves. 579 00:31:16,750 --> 00:31:18,950 但多数得克萨斯选民支持 But a majority of Texan voters support 580 00:31:18,950 --> 00:31:21,370 脱离联邦 breaking off from the Union. 581 00:31:21,370 --> 00:31:24,290 1861年3月2日 And on March 2nd, 1861, 582 00:31:24,290 --> 00:31:27,120 得克萨斯加入南部邦联 Texas joins the Southern Confederacy 583 00:31:27,120 --> 00:31:30,410 距南北战争爆发仅六周 just six weeks before the opening shots of the Civil War. 584 00:31:30,410 --> 00:31:32,040 - 战争爆发时 - When the war breaks out, 585 00:31:32,040 --> 00:31:35,370 得克萨斯士兵加入邦联军队 soldiers in Texas head for the Confederate Army. 586 00:31:35,370 --> 00:31:38,500 原本重兵布防的得克萨斯地区 And so, what were heavily guarded areas in Texas 587 00:31:38,500 --> 00:31:40,540 此时几近不设防 now are largely unguarded. 588 00:31:40,540 --> 00:31:43,450 许多得克萨斯巡警也应征入伍 Many Texas Rangers also enlist. 589 00:31:43,450 --> 00:31:44,750 在他们缺席期间 In their absence, 590 00:31:44,750 --> 00:31:47,080 科曼奇人发动系列袭击 the Comanche unleash a series of raids, 591 00:31:47,080 --> 00:31:50,330 不仅阻止殖民者涌入西得克萨斯 not only halting the flow of settlers into West Texas, 592 00:31:50,330 --> 00:31:52,950 更驱逐已定居者 but staring off the ones already there. 593 00:31:55,200 --> 00:31:57,620 但辛西娅·安留在东得克萨斯 But Cynthia Ann stays in East Texas 594 00:31:57,620 --> 00:32:00,370 远离袭击地与白人家族生活 many miles from the raids with her white family, 595 00:32:02,200 --> 00:32:07,540 对丈夫与儿子的遭遇一无所知 but has no idea what happened to her husband or to her son. 596 00:32:11,540 --> 00:32:15,000 - 辛西娅·安始终无法接受命运 - Cynthia Ann never reconciled herself to her fate. 597 00:32:15,000 --> 00:32:16,830 她从未适应 从未遗忘 She never got used it, she never forgot it. 598 00:32:16,830 --> 00:32:18,080 始终哀悼着 She never stopped mourning 599 00:32:18,080 --> 00:32:21,000 丈夫与两个儿子 for both her husband and for her two boys. 600 00:32:28,290 --> 00:32:33,620 - 辛西娅·安与女儿的存世照片 - This one surviving photo of Cynthia Ann and her daughter, 601 00:32:33,620 --> 00:32:35,120 道尽千言 it speaks volumes. 602 00:32:36,120 --> 00:32:38,500 她短发示哀 Her hair is cut short, in mourning, 603 00:32:38,500 --> 00:32:41,330 眼中充满绝望 and there's a sense of desperation, 604 00:32:41,330 --> 00:32:44,080 渴望回到家人身边 of getting back to her family, 605 00:32:44,080 --> 00:32:45,580 回到科曼奇族人身旁 back to her Comanche people. 606 00:32:47,120 --> 00:32:50,040 - 托普桑纳本不在拍摄计划中 - Topsannah was not supposed to be in the picture, 607 00:32:50,040 --> 00:32:52,160 但因哭闹不安 but she was fussy, 608 00:32:52,160 --> 00:32:55,330 辛西娅·安便抱她哺乳 and so Cynthia Ann takes her and begins feeding her. 609 00:32:58,910 --> 00:33:03,580 当南北战争于1865年终结时 When the Civil War finally comes to an end in 1865, 610 00:33:03,580 --> 00:33:08,410 国会废除各州奴隶制 Congress abolishes slavery in every state, old and new, 611 00:33:08,410 --> 00:33:12,160 开启南方重建进程 and begins the process of reconstruction in the South. 612 00:33:12,160 --> 00:33:16,200 辛西娅·安与托普桑纳虽历经动荡 Cynthia Ann and Topsannah have survived the turmoil, 613 00:33:16,200 --> 00:33:17,950 却或许徒劳无益 but perhaps in vain. 614 00:33:18,910 --> 00:33:22,540 - 托普桑纳感染肺炎 - Topsannah comes down sick with pneumonia. 615 00:33:22,540 --> 00:33:24,120 病势沉重 She's very ill. 616 00:33:24,120 --> 00:33:25,660 最终不治 She doesn't survive. 617 00:33:27,370 --> 00:33:31,790 辛西娅·安悲痛欲绝 Cynthia Ann is beside herself with grief. 618 00:33:31,790 --> 00:33:34,080 她失去丈夫 She's lost her husband, 619 00:33:34,080 --> 00:33:37,080 两个儿子 如今又失幼女 her two boys, and now her little girl. 620 00:33:37,080 --> 00:33:38,410 失去一切 She's lost everything. 621 00:33:39,410 --> 00:33:42,790 与科曼奇家族彻底断绝后 Now completely severed from her Comanche family, 622 00:33:42,790 --> 00:33:47,290 辛西娅·安拒绝进食 刻意憔悴而亡 Cynthia Ann refuses to eat and purposefully wastes away. 623 00:33:48,660 --> 00:33:51,950 - 她于第二次被俘十一年后离世 - She dies 11 years after her second capture, 624 00:33:51,950 --> 00:33:53,700 始终未曾释怀 再无欢颜 never reconciled, never happy again, 625 00:33:53,700 --> 00:33:55,700 哀恸至生命终点 and mourning 'til the day that she died. 626 00:33:57,580 --> 00:34:00,790 至1870年代初 众多平原印第安部族 By the early 1870s, many of the Plains Indians, 627 00:34:00,790 --> 00:34:04,500 包括北部的苏族与南部的阿帕奇族 including the Sioux in the north and the Apache in the south, 628 00:34:04,500 --> 00:34:08,370 被军队迁入保留地 are being moved onto reservations by the military. 629 00:34:08,370 --> 00:34:11,040 但辛西娅·安之子夸纳·帕克 But Cynthia Ann's son, Quanah Parker, 630 00:34:11,040 --> 00:34:13,200 时年约三十岁 now around 30 years old, 631 00:34:13,200 --> 00:34:15,830 正领导南部平原的 is leading a coalition of armed resistance 632 00:34:15,830 --> 00:34:17,330 武装抵抗联盟 on the Southern Plains. 633 00:34:19,080 --> 00:34:22,250 1874年 尤利西斯·S·格兰特总统 In 1874, President Ulysses S. Grant 634 00:34:22,250 --> 00:34:24,830 派兵进驻得克萨斯狭地 sends troops to the Texas panhandle, 635 00:34:24,830 --> 00:34:28,330 决心通过强制所有科曼奇人迁入保留地 determined to ensure the security of white settlers 636 00:34:28,330 --> 00:34:31,870 保障白人殖民者安全 by forcing every last Comanche onto the reservation. 637 00:34:31,870 --> 00:34:35,580 此战后来被称为红河战争 The conflict will come to be known as the Red River War. 638 00:34:37,200 --> 00:34:39,870 - 美国政府做最后绝对尝试 - The US government make their final absolute attempt 639 00:34:39,870 --> 00:34:43,080 镇压科曼奇与其他南部平原印第安部族 to crush the Comanches and other South Plains Indians 640 00:34:43,080 --> 00:34:45,000 地点在西得克萨斯壮观的 in this spectacular place called 641 00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:46,830 帕洛杜罗峡谷 Palo Duro Canyon in West Texas. 642 00:34:48,450 --> 00:34:51,250 兰纳德·S·麦肯齐上校率领联邦士兵 Federal soldiers led by Colonel Ranald S. Mackenzie 643 00:34:51,250 --> 00:34:53,290 突袭科曼奇村庄 ambushed a Comanche village 644 00:34:53,290 --> 00:34:56,200 焚毁四百余顶帐篷 and burned more than 400 teepees to the ground. 645 00:34:57,870 --> 00:35:02,200 - 麦肯齐夺走科曼奇人的一千四百匹马 - Mackenzie took 1,400 horses that belonged the Comanches, 646 00:35:02,200 --> 00:35:04,830 全部射杀 and shot them. 647 00:35:07,830 --> 00:35:10,870 它们不会像好莱坞演员般倒地即死 They wouldn't fall over dead like Hollywood movie actors. 648 00:35:10,870 --> 00:35:12,370 会带伤狂奔 They would take off bleeding. 649 00:35:12,370 --> 00:35:15,120 受伤马匹四处哀嚎 So there's wild screaming horses in all directions. 650 00:35:16,910 --> 00:35:18,330 年末时分 By the end of the year, 651 00:35:18,330 --> 00:35:20,540 残余的南部平原印第安人 the remaining Southern Plains Indians 652 00:35:20,540 --> 00:35:23,580 随夸纳·帕克投降 fighting alongside Quanah Parker surrender 653 00:35:23,580 --> 00:35:26,120 按命令迁入保留地 and move on to reservations as ordered. 654 00:35:27,540 --> 00:35:30,540 - 夸纳·帕克是最后抵抗者 - Quanah Parker, he is the last holdout. 655 00:35:30,540 --> 00:35:34,790 他是最后自由游牧的科曼奇领袖 He is the last of the free roaming Comanche leaders, 656 00:35:34,790 --> 00:35:38,290 也是该地区最后 and the last of the resistance to the United States 657 00:35:38,290 --> 00:35:40,540 抵抗美国的势力 in this area of the country. 658 00:35:40,540 --> 00:35:43,450 军队无法在战场上击败敌人 Unable to defeat their enemy in battle, 659 00:35:43,450 --> 00:35:46,830 便转而切断其食物供应 the army instead cuts off their food supply. 660 00:35:46,830 --> 00:35:50,910 - 美国采取官方政策灭绝 - The US adopts an official policy of exterminating 661 00:35:50,910 --> 00:35:53,790 平原部落赖以生存的野牛群 the buffalo herds that the Plains tribes live on. 662 00:35:55,040 --> 00:35:57,540 - 野牛数量骤降至约千头 - The bison population dropped to about 1,000. 663 00:35:58,450 --> 00:36:03,910 下降幅度达99.99996% It's a decline of 99.99996% 664 00:36:03,910 --> 00:36:06,950 仅约两代人之内 in basically two generations. 665 00:36:06,950 --> 00:36:08,870 野牛几乎绝迹 The bison are virtually gone. 666 00:36:08,870 --> 00:36:10,200 - 科曼奇人被告知 - The Comanche are being told 667 00:36:10,200 --> 00:36:12,080 他们将转为定居农夫 they're going to become sedentary farmers, 668 00:36:12,080 --> 00:36:14,160 如此会更幸福 and they'll be so much happier if they do. 669 00:36:15,330 --> 00:36:17,830 - 原住民对务农的看法 - The Native perspective when it comes to farming, 670 00:36:19,000 --> 00:36:23,080 驱骡耕田 to be plowing a field behind a mule, 671 00:36:23,080 --> 00:36:25,290 是他们能想到的最卑贱之事 it's the lowliest thing they could think of. 672 00:36:26,200 --> 00:36:27,660 他们根本不愿从事 They just didn't want to do it. 673 00:36:27,660 --> 00:36:31,580 战士与猎人才是最高追求 Being a warrior and a hunter was the highest pursuit. 674 00:36:32,540 --> 00:36:34,080 - 但夸纳·帕克与科曼奇人 - But Quanah Parker and the Comanche 675 00:36:34,080 --> 00:36:38,200 已几乎无处可去 无人可依 have almost nowhere to go and nowhere to turn. 676 00:36:38,200 --> 00:36:40,080 近两个世纪以来 For almost two centuries, 677 00:36:40,080 --> 00:36:41,700 科曼奇人以美国西部 the Comanche built an empire 678 00:36:41,700 --> 00:36:45,910 两大标志性动物为基石建立帝国 upon the two most iconic animals of the American West, 679 00:36:45,910 --> 00:36:47,660 马匹与野牛 the horse and the buffalo. 680 00:36:48,870 --> 00:36:52,080 他们的游牧生活仰赖二者 Their nomadic way of life depends on them both, 681 00:36:52,080 --> 00:36:54,290 如今却遭重创 but now they're under attack. 682 00:36:54,290 --> 00:36:59,410 至1875年 曾达四万之众的平原之主科曼奇人 And by 1875, the Comanches, the Lords of the Plain, 683 00:36:59,410 --> 00:37:03,200 仅余一千五百人 who once numbered 40,000, are down to 1,500. 684 00:37:04,870 --> 00:37:08,410 - 他们要么战至最后一人而灭绝 - They either have to go extinct by fighting to the last person, 685 00:37:08,410 --> 00:37:11,000 要么与掠夺其世界者 or they have to cut whatever deal they can 686 00:37:11,000 --> 00:37:14,500 达成任何可能的协议 with the people who are taking their world from them. 687 00:37:19,370 --> 00:37:21,330 至1875年夏 By the summer of 1875, 688 00:37:21,330 --> 00:37:24,160 仍驰骋南部平原的科曼奇人 the only Comanche still riding the Southern Plains 689 00:37:24,160 --> 00:37:27,250 仅剩夸纳·帕克的夸哈迪部落 are Quanah Parker's band, the Quahadi. 690 00:37:28,540 --> 00:37:31,500 夸纳必须决定是否放弃 Quanah must decide whether to give up control 691 00:37:31,500 --> 00:37:34,040 祖辈土地的控制权 of his ancestral lands forever, 692 00:37:34,040 --> 00:37:37,870 或继续抗争而冒灭族之险 or fight on and risk the extermination of his people. 693 00:37:38,870 --> 00:37:42,330 - 据说当夸纳面临抉择关头 - It's said, when Quanah was faced at that crossroads 694 00:37:42,330 --> 00:37:44,330 不知何去何从时 of what to do, 695 00:37:44,330 --> 00:37:46,540 他走向附近方山 he goes out to a nearby mesa. 696 00:37:50,370 --> 00:37:54,160 听见远方狼嚎 He hears a wolf howling in the distance 697 00:37:56,870 --> 00:37:59,830 朝向俄克拉荷马西南方向 toward the direction of southwestern Oklahoma, 698 00:37:59,830 --> 00:38:01,160 锡尔堡所在地 of Fort Sill, 699 00:38:01,160 --> 00:38:06,830 骑兵长期欲迫使科曼奇人前往之地 where the cavalry have long wanted the Comanches to go. 700 00:38:11,370 --> 00:38:14,540 夸纳·帕克遂作出决定 And Quanah Parker makes this decision 701 00:38:16,540 --> 00:38:19,950 最终前往保留地 to finally go to the reservation, 702 00:38:21,200 --> 00:38:22,700 终遭圈禁 to finally be corralled, 703 00:38:22,700 --> 00:38:26,950 囚于弹丸之地 imprisoned on a very small space of land 704 00:38:26,950 --> 00:38:29,000 这完全违背 that is totally contrary 705 00:38:29,000 --> 00:38:33,700 你与族人世代的生活方式 to how you and your people have always moved about. 706 00:38:36,330 --> 00:38:39,200 1875年6月2日 On June 2nd of 1875, 707 00:38:39,200 --> 00:38:43,250 夸纳及其部落在锡尔堡保留地投降 Quanah and his band surrender at the Fort Sill reservation, 708 00:38:43,250 --> 00:38:45,830 标志着红河战争的终结 marking the end of the Red River War 709 00:38:45,830 --> 00:38:48,450 与自由科曼奇人的最后一日 and the last day of the free Comanche. 710 00:38:50,370 --> 00:38:54,580 - 这场实际始于 - It's the end of a war that is in effect begun 711 00:38:54,580 --> 00:38:58,580 掳走那个蓝眸九岁女童的战争 by the taking captive of this nine-year-old girl 712 00:38:58,580 --> 00:39:00,540 至此落幕 with bright blue eyes, 713 00:39:00,540 --> 00:39:05,330 随其子四十年后的投降而终结 and it ends with her son's surrender 40 years later. 714 00:39:08,660 --> 00:39:12,040 随夸纳留下的1500名科曼奇人被迫 The 1,500 Comanche left with Quanah are now forced 715 00:39:12,040 --> 00:39:16,830 生活在仅4600平方英里的保留地 to live on just 4,600 square miles of reservation land, 716 00:39:17,790 --> 00:39:21,830 不足科曼奇利亚原面积的2% less than 2% of the size of Comancheria. 717 00:39:21,830 --> 00:39:25,000 他们曾掌控的广袤南部平原 The vast Southern Plains they once controlled 718 00:39:25,000 --> 00:39:26,870 很快被分割成 are soon turned into a patchwork 719 00:39:26,870 --> 00:39:30,870 得克萨斯殖民者拥有的圈禁牧场与农场 of fenced-in ranches and farms owned by Texan settlers. 720 00:39:32,540 --> 00:39:35,450 - 部落不再独立 - The tribes are no longer independent. 721 00:39:35,450 --> 00:39:36,830 不再能够 They're no longer able 722 00:39:36,830 --> 00:39:38,950 依靠野牛自给自足 to sustain themselves on the buffalo. 723 00:39:38,950 --> 00:39:42,290 依赖政府施舍度日 They're dependent on government handouts. 724 00:39:42,290 --> 00:39:46,790 - 他们必须接受配给 - They had to accept rations. 725 00:39:46,790 --> 00:39:48,580 - 被安置在这些草场上 - They've been put on these grasslands. 726 00:39:48,580 --> 00:39:51,540 对科曼奇人实无大用 Not really much use for Comanches, 727 00:39:51,540 --> 00:39:53,040 但对白人牧场主呢？ but the white cattlemen? 728 00:39:54,250 --> 00:39:55,870 夸纳开始与某些白人牧场主 Quanah starts setting up deals 729 00:39:55,870 --> 00:39:59,200 达成放牧协议 with some of the white ranchers to graze their cattle. 730 00:39:59,200 --> 00:40:00,790 他成为企业家 He becomes an entrepreneur. 731 00:40:00,790 --> 00:40:04,330 开始积累财富 He starts acquiring wealth. 732 00:40:04,330 --> 00:40:06,080 - 他为自己建造大宅 - He built himself a huge house 733 00:40:06,080 --> 00:40:09,370 常有科曼奇人在周边扎营 where he had Comanches camped around it all the time. 734 00:40:09,370 --> 00:40:13,790 - 他娶八位妻子 至少有20到25个子女 - He has eight wives, at least 20, 25 children. 735 00:40:15,580 --> 00:40:20,540 他成为两种文化间的桥梁 He becomes this bridge between two cultures. 736 00:40:21,700 --> 00:40:24,040 - 西奥多·罗斯福与他结为好友 - Theodore Roosevelt becomes a friend of his, 737 00:40:24,040 --> 00:40:26,450 罗斯福邀请夸纳·帕克前往华盛顿特区 and Roosevelt invites Quanah Parker to Washington, DC 738 00:40:26,450 --> 00:40:29,790 参加1905年3月4日的就职典礼 for his inauguration on March 4th, 1905. 739 00:40:29,790 --> 00:40:34,330 - 夸纳曾提及携带左轮手枪 - And Quanah talks about packing his six shooter 740 00:40:34,330 --> 00:40:35,870 以保护总统 to protect the President. 741 00:40:41,700 --> 00:40:43,410 当夸纳离世后 When Quanah crosses over, 742 00:40:44,870 --> 00:40:47,750 他被安葬在母亲身旁 he's buried right next to his mother 743 00:40:47,750 --> 00:40:51,620 与妹妹托普桑纳的遗骸同处 and also the remains of his sister, Topsannah. 744 00:40:52,830 --> 00:40:57,120 辛西娅·安与夸纳此生分离 Cynthia Ann and Quanah were separated in this life 745 00:40:57,120 --> 00:40:59,000 死后重聚 and reunited at death. 746 00:41:02,330 --> 00:41:05,580 - 最终 这是一个充满毁灭遗产的故事 - In the end, it's a story with a legacy of destruction, 747 00:41:06,910 --> 00:41:09,040 征服与原住民剥夺的故事 of conquest, of dispossession of Indian Peoples, 748 00:41:09,040 --> 00:41:12,370 针对这些族群的文化灭绝故事 of cultural genocide against those peoples. 749 00:41:12,370 --> 00:41:14,500 我们是个拥有复杂遗产的民族 We are a people with a mixed legacy. 750 00:41:14,500 --> 00:41:16,000 除非理解来自何处 We cannot understand who we are 751 00:41:16,000 --> 00:41:18,040 否则无法认知自身 unless we understand where we came from 752 00:41:18,040 --> 00:41:21,200 并自问：我们能否做得更好？ and ask ourselves, what can we do better? 753 00:41:21,200 --> 00:41:22,830 我们能否做得更好？ What can we do better? 754 00:41:23,750 --> 00:41:25,330 - 尽管这两个帝国 - Despite the violence 755 00:41:25,330 --> 00:41:28,120 曾相互施加暴力 these two empires inflicted on each other, 756 00:41:28,120 --> 00:41:32,540 击败科曼奇的不只是美军 it's not just the US military that defeats the Comanche. 757 00:41:32,540 --> 00:41:35,750 更是美国工业的推进力量 It's the advancing power of American industry. 758 00:41:36,700 --> 00:41:38,370 科曼奇利亚被 Comancheria is carved up 759 00:41:38,370 --> 00:41:42,370 小道 铁路与电报线分割 by trails, rails, and telegraph lines. 760 00:41:42,370 --> 00:41:46,290 土地被开垦放牧以滋养成长中的国家 The land is farmed and grazed to feed a growing nation 761 00:41:46,290 --> 00:41:47,830 推动其经济 and fuel its economy. 762 00:41:48,790 --> 00:41:52,500 开阔天空与起伏平原依然存在 The open skies and rolling plains still remain, 763 00:41:52,500 --> 00:41:55,160 但科曼奇人被禁锢于保留地 but the Comanche are confined to reservations. 764 00:41:56,410 --> 00:41:58,040 虽然辛西娅·安与夸纳·帕克 While Cynthia Ann and Quanah Parker 765 00:41:58,040 --> 00:42:01,330 都找到了接纳不同文化的方式 both found a way to embrace a different culture, 766 00:42:01,330 --> 00:42:05,580 但这个被美国殖民者征服的得克萨斯故事 the story of Texas, a land conquered by American settlers, 767 00:42:05,580 --> 00:42:08,870 将在加利福尼亚重演 will play out again in California. 768 00:42:08,870 --> 00:42:10,370 只是这次 Only this time, 769 00:42:10,370 --> 00:42:14,200 对土地的渴求将被淘金热的力量所掩盖 the hunger for land is eclipsed by the power of gold fever.