1  
00:00:03,520 --> 00:00:07,320  
在南部高地森林覆盖的山丘高处  
High in the forest-clad hills of the Southern Uplands  

2  
00:00:07,320 --> 00:00:09,760  
是一条非凡河流的源头。  
is the source of a remarkable river.  

3  
00:00:09,760 --> 00:00:13,280  
尼斯河宁静而低调  
The River Nith is quiet and unassuming  

4  
00:00:13,280 --> 00:00:16,280  
它流过这片土地，也流过历史长河  
and it flows through the landscape and through history  

5  
00:00:16,280 --> 00:00:21,520  
几乎无人注意，却在此过程中创下了一些非凡的"第一"。  
almost unnoticed, notching up some remarkable firsts along the way.  

6  
00:00:24,760 --> 00:00:28,040  
苏格兰的河流是这个国家的摇篮  
Scotland's rivers are the cradle of the nation  

7  
00:00:28,040 --> 00:00:30,920  
也是最宝贵的财富之一。  
and are among the country's greatest treasures.  

8  
00:00:31,920 --> 00:00:36,760  
自古以来，河流就被用作天然的交通要道。  
Since the earliest times, rivers have been used as natural highways.  

9  
00:00:36,760 --> 00:00:40,280  
最早的城镇沿着河岸建立  
Along their banks, the first towns and cities were built  

10  
00:00:40,280 --> 00:00:43,760  
作为自然资源，河流为我们提供了  
and, as a natural resource, rivers have provided us  

11  
00:00:43,760 --> 00:00:46,120  
丰富的食物和能源。  
with an abundance of food and power.  

12  
00:00:47,760 --> 00:00:50,760  
在本系列中，我将遇见一群  
In this series, I'll meet a cast of characters  

13  
00:00:50,760 --> 00:00:54,040  
生活在伟大水道沿岸的人物。  
who live along the banks of our great waterways.  

14  
00:00:54,040 --> 00:00:57,280  
我将揭开过去那些引人入胜的故事  
I'll uncover intriguing tales from the past  

15  
00:00:57,280 --> 00:01:00,520  
当我穿越苏格兰进行一场盛大之旅  
as I travel across Scotland on a grand tour  

16  
00:01:00,520 --> 00:01:03,520  
探索这些生命之源。  
to explore the original waters of life.  

17  
00:01:03,520 --> 00:01:07,760  
在本期节目中，我将发现一条流经  
In this programme, I'll discover a river that flows through a landscape  

18  
00:01:07,760 --> 00:01:10,280  
充满文学与发明气息的土地的河流。  
rich in literature and invention.  

19  
00:01:24,040 --> 00:01:28,040  
我的路线始于一个人迹罕至的造林区  
My route starts in a rarely visited forestry plantation,  

20  
00:01:28,040 --> 00:01:32,040  
首先向东穿过古老的艾尔郡煤田  
tracking first east through the old Ayrshire coalfields  

21  
00:01:32,040 --> 00:01:35,520  
然后转向南方，进入一片被罗伯特·彭斯赞颂的土地  
and then turning south into a landscape celebrated  

22  
00:01:35,520 --> 00:01:39,760  
最终抵达海洋和索尔威湾。  
by Robert Burns, before reaching the sea and the Solway Firth.  

23  
00:01:42,520 --> 00:01:46,040  
我的尼斯河之旅始于一条林业道路  
My journey down the Nith begins on a forestry road  

24  
00:01:46,040 --> 00:01:48,400  
在偏远的艾尔郡丘陵高处  
high in the remote Ayrshire Hills,  

25  
00:01:48,400 --> 00:01:51,640  
我希望在那里找到河流的源头。  
where I hope to find the source of the river.  

26  
00:01:51,640 --> 00:01:55,040  
尼斯河的源头就在这上面的某个地方。  
The source of the Nith starts somewhere up here.  

27  
00:01:55,040 --> 00:01:58,760  
现在，在我的地图上，你可以看到一大片造林区  
Now, on my map, you can see a huge forestry plantation,  

28  
00:01:58,760 --> 00:02:01,040  
但许多树木已被砍伐。  
but many of the trees have been cut down.  

29  
00:02:01,040 --> 00:02:03,760  
但就在我前方几百米处  
But just a few hundred metres ahead of me  

30  
00:02:03,760 --> 00:02:06,280  
我希望找到我要寻找的东西  
is where I hope to find what I'm looking for,  

31  
00:02:06,280 --> 00:02:10,760  
地图上非常贴心地标记为"尼斯河源头"。  
very helpfully marked on my map as the source of the Nith.  

32  
00:02:13,040 --> 00:02:15,360  
这是一个棘手的环境。  
This is a tricky environment.  

33  
00:02:15,360 --> 00:02:18,280  
河流实际上发源于沼泽地  
The river actually rises in boggy ground  

34  
00:02:18,280 --> 00:02:21,520  
覆盖着这些被风吹倒的云杉树  
covered by this tangle of windblown spruce trees,  

35  
00:02:21,520 --> 00:02:26,040  
使得精确定位源头成为不可能的任务。  
making pinpointing the exact source an impossible task.  

36  
00:02:26,040 --> 00:02:29,680  
相反，我很满足于找到尼斯河的婴儿期  
Instead, I'm content to find the baby River Nith,  

37  
00:02:29,680 --> 00:02:32,280  
它从倒下的木材中流出。  
where it emerges from the fallen timber.  

38  
00:02:33,280 --> 00:02:36,520  
现在，这差不多是我能接近尼斯河源头的最近距离  
Now, this is pretty much as close as I can get to the source  

39  
00:02:36,520 --> 00:02:40,520  
在这里，它不过是一条细流。  
of the Nith, which here is not much more than a mere trickle.  

40  
00:02:40,520 --> 00:02:44,360  
但我将跟随它，看着它成长并流淌  
But I'm going to follow it as it grows and flows  

41  
00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:46,520  
一路流向大海。  
all the way to the sea.  

42  
00:02:48,520 --> 00:02:51,760  
这条幼小的河流蜿蜒穿过森林  
The infant river winds its way through the forest  

43  
00:02:51,760 --> 00:02:54,680  
进入一片完全不同的景观  
and out into a different landscape altogether,  

44  
00:02:54,680 --> 00:02:58,680  
那里有旧露天矿场正在被改造  
where old opencast mine workings are being landscaped  

45  
00:02:58,680 --> 00:03:01,760  
以掩盖煤炭开采的伤痕。  
to hide the scars of coal extraction.  

46  
00:03:01,760 --> 00:03:04,760  
尼斯河上游的大多数城镇和村庄  
Most of the towns and villages along the Upper Nith  

47  
00:03:04,760 --> 00:03:08,040  
都曾与采矿有关，几代人以来  
were involved in mining and, for generations,  

48  
00:03:08,040 --> 00:03:09,680  
煤炭就是王者。  
coal was king.  

49  
00:03:09,680 --> 00:03:13,520  
虽然它为家庭提供了微薄的生计  
Now, although it provided families with a meagre living,  

50  
00:03:13,520 --> 00:03:16,280  
但有时也会夺走生命。  
it could sometimes take life away.  

51  
00:03:16,280 --> 00:03:21,040  
1950年9月7日，就在离河流一英里的地方  
On September 7th, 1950, just a mile from the river,  

52  
00:03:21,040 --> 00:03:23,080  
灾难降临了。  
disaster struck.  

53  
00:03:26,280 --> 00:03:29,520  
记者：位于艾尔郡卡姆诺克附近的诺克欣诺克城堡煤矿  
REPORTER: Knockshinnock Castle Colliery near Cumnock, Ayrshire,  

54  
00:03:29,520 --> 00:03:33,080  
是苏格兰采矿史上最大规模救援行动的现场  
is the scene of the greatest rescue operation in Scottish mining history  

55  
00:03:33,080 --> 00:03:36,920  
地面塌陷导致128名矿工被困地下。  
when Earth subsidence traps 128 men below ground.  

56  
00:03:36,920 --> 00:03:40,520  
在矿工们因地下塌陷被困七十年后  
Seven decades after the miners were trapped by the underground  

57  
00:03:40,520 --> 00:03:45,520  
我走向旧矿场上方的纪念石堆。  
subsidence, I walk to the memorial cairn above the old workings.  

58  
00:03:45,520 --> 00:03:50,040  
与我同行的是伊恩·麦克默多，他的父亲是幸存者之一。  
With me is Ian McMurdo, whose father was one of the survivors.  

59  
00:03:50,040 --> 00:03:53,040  
我们现在站的地方就是塌陷发生的现场  
Where we're standing just now was the scene of the inrush,  

60  
00:03:53,040 --> 00:03:57,520  
这片田野，这片放牧的田野，塌陷进了矿井。  
where the field, the cattle field, fell in to the mine workings.  

61  
00:03:57,520 --> 00:04:00,040  
在我们面前？在我们面前。就在这边。  
In front of us? In front of us. Just over here.  

62  
00:04:00,040 --> 00:04:03,280  
一些矿工——具体来说是13人  
Some of the miners - 13, specifically,  

63  
00:04:03,280 --> 00:04:06,680  
在这个特定区域工作，开采所谓的  
were working in this particular area to chase what was called  

64  
00:04:06,680 --> 00:04:09,360  
主煤层。这是一个利润丰厚的煤层。  
the main coal seam. It was a lucrative seam of coal.  

65  
00:04:09,360 --> 00:04:12,360  
他们已经挖到了离地面仅15码的地方。  
They'd driven to within 15 yards of the surface.  

66  
00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:18,280  
但当这些人在井下工作时，一个无声的杀手正等待着他们。  
But a silent killer waited for the men as they worked underground.  

67  
00:04:18,280 --> 00:04:23,760  
一片长满苔藓的泥炭地，在一周的暴雨后完全饱和。  
A mossy, peaty field saturated after a week of torrential rain.  

68  
00:04:23,760 --> 00:04:27,120  
当地的河流，它们都...决堤了。  
The local rivers, they were all... They burst their banks.  

69  
00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:30,520  
所有这些水都积聚在矿工们工作的地方上方。  
All this water was on top of where the miners were working.  

70  
00:04:30,520 --> 00:04:33,040  
所以他们在地下忙着挖掘...是的。  
So they were busy burrowing underground... Yep.  

71  
00:04:33,040 --> 00:04:36,520  
..破坏了支撑结构...完全正确。  
..undermining the structure that was supporting... Absolutely.  

72  
00:04:36,520 --> 00:04:39,880  
他们挖到了离地面仅15码的地方。  
And they got to within 15 yards of the surface.  

73  
00:04:39,880 --> 00:04:41,360  
然后发生了什么？  
Then what happened?  

74  
00:04:41,360 --> 00:04:46,040  
发生的事情是，在9月7日星期四晚上7点20分  
What happened was, at 7:20pm on the evening of Thursday, September 7th,  

75  
00:04:46,040 --> 00:04:49,680  
整个该死的东西以猛烈的方式塌陷了。  
the whole damn thing came in at a colossal, violent rush.  

76  
00:04:49,680 --> 00:04:53,320  
5号巷道的矿工们，就在正下方，遇难了。  
The men, No. 5 Heading, who were directly below, died.  

77  
00:04:53,320 --> 00:04:55,640  
其中11人几乎立即死亡  
11 of them died fairly immediately  

78  
00:04:55,640 --> 00:04:58,760  
但我们知道有两人走开了。  
but two of them that we know of had wandered off.  

79  
00:04:58,760 --> 00:05:01,760  
他们设法离开了巷道，但花了11天  
They'd managed to get out of the heading and it took 11 days  

80  
00:05:01,760 --> 00:05:03,520  
才最终丧生。  
before they actually perished.  

81  
00:05:03,520 --> 00:05:06,680  
在13名矿工遇难的两英里外  
Two miles away from where the 13 men died,  

82  
00:05:06,680 --> 00:05:10,760  
还有116名矿工在地下工作  
116 other miners were still working underground  

83  
00:05:10,760 --> 00:05:15,840  
当泥浆和泥炭水慢慢填满隧道时。  
when a sea of sludge and peaty water slowly filled the tunnels.  

84  
00:05:15,840 --> 00:05:19,040  
他们不会立即知道发生了塌陷  
They would not know immediately that there had been an inrush  

85  
00:05:19,040 --> 00:05:22,040  
因为他们离得太远，但消息很快传到了他们那里  
because they were so far away, but word soon got to them  

86  
00:05:22,040 --> 00:05:25,200  
他们所有的出口路线都被堵住了  
that all their egress routes were blocked off  

87  
00:05:25,200 --> 00:05:27,280  
无路可逃。他们被困住了。  
and there was no way out. They were trapped.  

88  
00:05:27,280 --> 00:05:29,360  
他们被困住了。他们被活埋了。  
They were trapped. They were buried alive.  

89  
00:05:29,360 --> 00:05:33,520  
当地人、矿工和来自英国各地的救援队  
Local people, miners and rescue teams from around the UK  

90  
00:05:33,520 --> 00:05:35,440  
冲向诺克欣诺克。  
rushed to Knockshinnock.  

91  
00:05:35,440 --> 00:05:38,520  
只有一个微弱的救援机会——  
There was only one slim chance of rescue -  

92  
00:05:38,520 --> 00:05:43,280  
从附近的一个旧矿井——6号矿——接近这些人。  
to reach the men from an old mine close by - Bank No. 6.  

93  
00:05:43,280 --> 00:05:47,280  
如果这些人能设法从诺克欣诺克一侧  
If the men could somehow dig from the Knockshinnock side  

94  
00:05:47,280 --> 00:05:50,280  
用他们的镐和赤手空拳挖通到班克矿  
through to Bank with their pick axes and bare hands,  

95  
00:05:50,280 --> 00:05:52,520  
他们理论上可以逃出去。  
they could theoretically get through.  

96  
00:05:52,520 --> 00:05:56,760  
经过两天不间断的挖掘，这些人终于挖通了  
After two days of nonstop digging, the men broke through,  

97  
00:05:56,760 --> 00:06:01,680  
但致命的瓦斯浓度上升阻止了他们立即逃生。  
but rising levels of deadly gas prevented their immediate escape.  

98  
00:06:01,680 --> 00:06:04,320  
地面上，焦急的家人们看着  
On the surface, anxious families watched  

99  
00:06:04,320 --> 00:06:09,280  
特殊的呼吸设备被部署来解救矿工。  
as special breathing apparatus was deployed to free the miners.  

100  
00:06:09,280 --> 00:06:12,360  
所有这些人都活下来了吗，他们都成功逃出来了？  
All those men managed to survive, they managed to escape?  

101  
00:06:12,360 --> 00:06:16,680  
116人获救，这无论如何都是一个奇迹。  
116 men got out, and that was a miracle by any other name.  

102  
00:06:16,680 --> 00:06:19,680  
现在站在这里，我是说，你根本不会想到  
Standing here now, I mean, you would have no idea  

103  
00:06:19,680 --> 00:06:22,280  
如果不是这座纪念石堆  
had it not been for this memorial cairn  

104  
00:06:22,280 --> 00:06:24,840  
这里曾经有一个矿井？不，不会。  
that there was even a mine here? No, no.  

105  
00:06:24,840 --> 00:06:27,080  
但那是很久以前的事了。那是70年前。  
But it's a long time ago. It's 70 years ago.  

106  
00:06:27,080 --> 00:06:29,440  
但地貌已经完全改变了。  
But the landscape has been utterly transformed.  

107  
00:06:29,440 --> 00:06:31,040  
是的，它已经改变了。  
Yes, it has been transformed.  

108  
00:06:31,040 --> 00:06:34,280  
但它仍然有...也许只是因为我是一个  
But it still has... Maybe it's just because I'm the son  

109  
00:06:34,280 --> 00:06:37,520  
被困在那里的矿工的儿子，但我仍然觉得  
one of the miners who was trapped down there, but I still think  

110  
00:06:37,520 --> 00:06:40,760  
这里仍然有一种氛围和某种...我不知道。  
it still has an atmosphere and some kind of... I don't know.  

111  
00:06:40,760 --> 00:06:43,760  
我只是觉得你能感觉到某种...  
I just think you can feel that something...  

112  
00:06:43,760 --> 00:06:46,040  
某种悲剧曾在这里发生。  
Something tragic happened here.  

113  
00:06:49,040 --> 00:06:53,520  
从纪念石堆离开新卡姆诺克及其采矿遗产  
From the memorial cairn, I leave New Cumnock and its mining heritage  

114  
00:06:53,520 --> 00:06:57,040  
我向下游进发，河流似乎已经摆脱了  
and head downstream, where the river seems to have thrown off  

115  
00:06:57,040 --> 00:07:01,520  
它的工业历史，蜿蜒穿过乡村。  
its industrial past as it meanders through the countryside.  

116  
00:07:02,760 --> 00:07:04,680  
最终，我到达桑克尔  
Eventually, I reach Sanquhar,  

117  
00:07:04,680 --> 00:07:08,040  
它在1598年被授予皇家自治市地位。  
which was made a royal burgh in 1598.  

118  
00:07:09,520 --> 00:07:13,680  
桑克尔可能是一个皇家自治市，但它非常小。  
Sanquhar might be a royal burgh, but it's a very small one.  

119  
00:07:13,680 --> 00:07:16,440  
人口——2001人。  
Population - 2,001.  

120  
00:07:16,440 --> 00:07:18,760  
至少，我上次数的时候是这样。  
At least, it was when I last counted.  

121  
00:07:21,760 --> 00:07:26,040  
桑克尔意为"古堡"，拥有一些精美的古老建筑  
Sanquhar means Old Fort and has some fine old buildings,  

122  
00:07:26,040 --> 00:07:30,520  
包括一座废弃的城堡和一座相当宏伟的市政厅  
including a ruined castle and a rather grand tolbooth  

123  
00:07:30,520 --> 00:07:32,920  
反映了该镇昔日的繁荣。  
reflecting the town's former wealth.  

124  
00:07:32,920 --> 00:07:35,880  
这里还有一个破纪录的"第一"。  
There's also a record breaking first.  

125  
00:07:35,880 --> 00:07:40,520  
桑克尔拥有世界上最古老的仍在运营的邮局。  
Sanquhar is home to the world's oldest working post office.  

126  
00:07:40,520 --> 00:07:44,040  
这家邮局自1712年首次开业以来一直在运营  
The post office has been running ever since it first opened  

127  
00:07:44,040 --> 00:07:47,520  
你能相信吗？  
way back in 1712, would you believe?  

128  
00:07:47,520 --> 00:07:50,040  
现在，已经超过300年了  
Now, that's over 300 years,  

129  
00:07:50,040 --> 00:07:55,040  
在那里你可以买到世界上最古老的邮票。  
and in there you can get the oldest postal stamp in the world.  

130  
00:07:55,040 --> 00:07:59,760  
我只希望我的老妈妈会喜欢我寄的卡片  
I just hope that my old ma' appreciates the card I'm sending  

131  
00:07:59,760 --> 00:08:02,760  
带着它独特而非凡的邮票。  
with its unique and remarkable stamp.

132  
00:08:05,120 --> 00:08:08,520  
过去，桑克尔曾是重要的商业中心  
In the past, Sanquhar was an important centre of business  

133  
00:08:08,520 --> 00:08:13,040  
和贸易中心，主要以纺织制造业为主  
and trade, focused principally on the manufacture of textiles  

134  
00:08:13,040 --> 00:08:16,040  
原料来自当地生产的羊毛。  
sourced from locally produced wool.  

135  
00:08:16,040 --> 00:08:18,920  
如今，大部分遗产已经消失  
Now, much of that heritage has been lost,  

136  
00:08:18,920 --> 00:08:21,520  
但有一个显著的例外。  
but with one notable exception.  

137  
00:08:21,520 --> 00:08:23,480  
桑克尔针织图案。  
The Sanquhar knitting pattern.  

138  
00:08:23,480 --> 00:08:27,360  
在市政厅博物馆，我遇见了梅·麦科米克  
At the Tolbooth Museum, I meet May MacCormick,  

139  
00:08:27,360 --> 00:08:32,520  
她向我展示了各种独特的桑克尔针织图案。  
who shows me a wonderful variety of unique Sanquhar knitting patterns.  

140  
00:08:32,520 --> 00:08:35,040  
它非常独特且引人注目。  
It's very distinctive and very striking.  

141  
00:08:35,040 --> 00:08:37,120  
总共有多少种图案？  
How many patterns are there altogether?  

142  
00:08:37,120 --> 00:08:39,120  
总共有16种图案。  
There's 16 patterns altogether.  

143  
00:08:39,120 --> 00:08:42,520  
最被认可且经常被称为  
The one that is most recognised and very often referred to  

144  
00:08:42,520 --> 00:08:44,760  
桑克尔图案的是这个  
as the Sanquhar pattern is this one,  

145  
00:08:44,760 --> 00:08:47,520  
这是公爵图案。这就是公爵图案？  
which is the Duke pattern. That's the Duke pattern?  

146  
00:08:47,520 --> 00:08:51,280  
据说它是为巴克卢公爵设计的  
And it was supposedly designed for the Duke of Buccleuch  

147  
00:08:51,280 --> 00:08:55,960  
因为他是桑克尔针织的大力支持者。  
because he was a big supporter of the Sanquhar knitting.  

148  
00:08:58,040 --> 00:09:01,520  
梅的样品中还有其他图案，包括短号图案  
Other patterns in May's sample include the Cornet,  

149  
00:09:01,520 --> 00:09:06,040  
雉眼图案、牧羊人格纹、玫瑰与格子  
the Pheasant's Eye, the Shepherd's Plaid, the Rose and Trellis,  

150  
00:09:06,040 --> 00:09:09,760  
以及可能令人担忧的蠓虫与跳蚤图案。  
and perhaps worryingly, the Midge and Flea.  

151  
00:09:09,760 --> 00:09:12,360  
黑色针脚代表蠓虫  
The group of black stitches is the midge  

152  
00:09:12,360 --> 00:09:14,400  
白色小针脚代表跳蚤。  
and the small white stitches the flea.  

153  
00:09:14,400 --> 00:09:17,040  
我想知道为什么叫蠓虫与跳蚤。  
I wonder why they called it the Midge and the Flea.  

154  
00:09:17,040 --> 00:09:19,280  
某个有幽默感的人。可能吧。  
Somebody with a sense of humour. Probably.  

155  
00:09:19,280 --> 00:09:22,280  
说实话，你得有幽默感，对吧？  
You'd have to have a sense of humour, to be honest, wouldn't you?  

156  
00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:24,520  
那么，桑克尔图案后来怎样了？  
Now, what happened to the Sanquhar pattern?  

157  
00:09:24,520 --> 00:09:28,040  
据我所知，它作为一种传统几乎消失了。  
Because I understand it almost could have died out as a tradition.  

158  
00:09:28,040 --> 00:09:30,280  
在18世纪末  
In the late 1700s,  

159  
00:09:30,280 --> 00:09:33,040  
它急剧衰落...  
it went into a drastic decline...  

160  
00:09:34,040 --> 00:09:35,680  
..有两个原因。  
..for two reasons.  

161  
00:09:35,680 --> 00:09:38,280  
一是美国独立战争  
One was the American War of Independence  

162  
00:09:38,280 --> 00:09:42,520  
因为他们向殖民地出口  
because they exported to the Colonies,  

163  
00:09:42,520 --> 00:09:44,760  
英国向殖民地出口  
the UK exported to the Colonies,  

164  
00:09:44,760 --> 00:09:48,280  
在美国独立战争期间停止了。  
and that stopped during the American War of Independence.  

165  
00:09:48,280 --> 00:09:51,080  
当然还有现代化。  
And the modernisation, of course.  

166  
00:09:51,080 --> 00:09:55,040  
我真的很想拥有自己的桑克尔针织图案  
I would really love to have my own Sanquhar knitted pattern  

167  
00:09:55,040 --> 00:09:59,040  
我想你要教我如何制作自己的图案。  
and I think you're going to teach me how to go about making my own.  

168  
00:09:59,040 --> 00:10:03,400  
我们试试。我们试试。好吧，祝我好运。是的。  
We'll try. We'll try. Well, fingers crossed. Yeah.  

169  
00:10:03,400 --> 00:10:05,520  
梅，我现在有针了。  
Now, May, I've got my needles here.  

170  
00:10:05,520 --> 00:10:08,520  
我有三根针，形成了一个完美的小三角形。  
I've got three needles forming a perfect little triangle here.  

171  
00:10:08,520 --> 00:10:12,040  
你要教我如何把它变成一只手套。  
And you're going to teach me how to turn this into a glove.  

172  
00:10:12,040 --> 00:10:13,560  
他们笑了  
THEY LAUGH  

173  
00:10:13,560 --> 00:10:14,800  
好的。  
OK.  

174  
00:10:14,800 --> 00:10:19,840  
右手像平常一样编织。  
With the right hand, you knit as you would ordinary.  

175  
00:10:19,840 --> 00:10:23,280  
不幸的是，我是个差生  
Unfortunately for me, I'm a poor student  

176  
00:10:23,280 --> 00:10:25,840  
这堂课很难。  
and the lesson is a hard one.  

177  
00:10:25,840 --> 00:10:29,680  
三根针，两种颜色，每只手各一种。  
Three needles, two colours, one in each hand.  

178  
00:10:29,680 --> 00:10:34,040  
我一只手拿黑色，另一只手拿白色。  
I've got black in one hand and the white in the other.  

179  
00:10:34,040 --> 00:10:37,720  
我们就这样...现在，用你的右手  
And we just... Now, with your right hand,  

180  
00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:42,280  
一个黑色针脚，你要用白色编织...好的。  
a black stitch, you're going to knit it in white... OK.  

181  
00:10:42,280 --> 00:10:44,240  
..反之亦然。  
..and vice versa.  

182  
00:10:44,240 --> 00:10:46,680  
我完全不知所措  
I'm completely out of my depth  

183  
00:10:46,680 --> 00:10:51,520  
在梅的挑剔目光下感到无比笨拙。  
and feel utterly inept under May's critical gaze.  

184  
00:10:51,520 --> 00:10:55,040  
我不得不...我不得不认输。  
I'm going to have to... I'm going to have to admit defeat here.  

185  
00:10:55,040 --> 00:10:59,040  
这很尴尬，但太复杂了。  
This is very embarrassing, but it's too complicated.  

186  
00:10:59,040 --> 00:11:02,120  
我觉得我真的没希望了，对吧？  
I don't think there's any hope for me, really, is there?  

187  
00:11:02,120 --> 00:11:03,520  
不予置评。  
No comment.  

188  
00:11:03,520 --> 00:11:04,840  
他们笑了  
THEY LAUGH  

189  
00:11:06,520 --> 00:11:09,280  
离开桑克尔时没有针织手套  
Leaving Sanquhar without knitted gloves,  

190  
00:11:09,280 --> 00:11:12,040  
我沿着尼斯河向南行进  
I follow the Nith in a southerly direction  

191  
00:11:12,040 --> 00:11:16,040  
穿过古老的邓弗里斯郡，来到德拉姆兰里格城堡  
through old Dumfriesshire to Drumlanrig Castle,  

192  
00:11:16,040 --> 00:11:18,320  
这里是巴克卢公爵的家。  
home to the Duke of Buccleuch.  

193  
00:11:19,640 --> 00:11:21,760  
大约160年前  
About 160 years ago,  

194  
00:11:21,760 --> 00:11:25,680  
一位谦逊的铁匠，也是公爵的佃户  
a humble blacksmith who was also a tenant of the Duke  

195  
00:11:25,680 --> 00:11:30,760  
提出了一项卓越且可能举世无双的发明。  
came up with a brilliant and potentially world beating invention.  

196  
00:11:30,760 --> 00:11:34,280  
他也被称为"车轮上的魔鬼"  
He was also known as the Devil on Wheels  

197  
00:11:34,280 --> 00:11:39,040  
据说他制造了世界上第一辆真正的自行车。  
and is said to have produced the first proper bicycle in the world.  

198  
00:11:39,040 --> 00:11:43,360  
制造它的"车轮上的魔鬼"是柯克帕特里克·麦克米伦  
The Devil on Wheels who made it was Kirkpatrick Macmillan  

199  
00:11:43,360 --> 00:11:46,520  
为了了解这个人和他的发明  
and to tell me about the man and his invention  

200  
00:11:46,520 --> 00:11:48,440  
我采访了作家伊恩·巴尔。  
is author Ian Barr.  

201  
00:11:48,440 --> 00:11:50,680  
这是脚踏车。  
This is the velocipede.  

202  
00:11:50,680 --> 00:11:54,040  
柯克帕特里克·麦克米伦发明的脚踏车  
The velocipede invented by Kirkpatrick Macmillan  

203  
00:11:54,040 --> 00:11:57,520  
在1839-1840年间  
in the period 1839-1840,  

204  
00:11:57,520 --> 00:11:59,920  
他被称为"车轮上的魔鬼"  
and he was called the Devil on Wheels  

205  
00:11:59,920 --> 00:12:04,040  
因为脚踏车在乡村小路上行驶时  
because of the terrible rumble the velocipede made  

206  
00:12:04,040 --> 00:12:07,200  
由于铁制轮缘发出可怕的隆隆声。  
going along the country lanes because of the iron trim.  

207  
00:12:07,200 --> 00:12:09,040  
它的灵感是什么？  
What was the inspiration behind it?  

208  
00:12:09,040 --> 00:12:13,040  
因为它看起来有点像经过改良的老式木马。  
Because it looks a bit like an old hobby horse which has been adapted.  

209  
00:12:13,040 --> 00:12:14,760  
正是如此。  
That's exactly it.  

210  
00:12:16,040 --> 00:12:21,040  
麦克米伦着手改进基本的木马  
Macmillan set about trying to improve the basic hobby horse,  

211  
00:12:21,040 --> 00:12:25,040  
当时它是富人的时尚玩具。  
which, at the time, was a fashionable toy for the wealthy.  

212  
00:12:25,040 --> 00:12:28,680  
它没有踏板，靠骑手的脚  
It had no pedals and was pushed along  

213  
00:12:28,680 --> 00:12:31,040  
在地上推动前进。  
with the rider's feet on the ground.  

214  
00:12:31,040 --> 00:12:35,800  
柯克帕特里克·麦克米伦的改进增加了可转向的前轮  
Kirkpatrick Macmillan's improvement added a steerable front wheel  

215  
00:12:35,800 --> 00:12:41,040  
和踏板，但没有刹车。  
and pedals, but, significantly, no brakes.  

216  
00:12:41,040 --> 00:12:45,760  
尽管存在这些技术缺陷，麦克米伦想证明  
Despite these technical drawbacks, Macmillan wanted to prove  

217  
00:12:45,760 --> 00:12:48,520  
他的脚踏车，于是骑车去格拉斯哥  
his velocipede and cycled to Glasgow  

218  
00:12:48,520 --> 00:12:51,920  
展示他的发明的潜力。  
to demonstrate the potential of his invention.  

219  
00:12:51,920 --> 00:12:56,280  
但当他进入城市时，灾难发生了。  
But as he entered the city, disaster struck.  

220  
00:12:56,280 --> 00:12:59,040  
一个小女孩从公寓走廊跑出来  
A young girl ran out of a tenement close  

221  
00:12:59,040 --> 00:13:02,480  
麦克米伦用脚踏车撞倒了她。  
and Macmillan knocked her over on the velocipede.  

222  
00:13:02,480 --> 00:13:05,760  
警察被叫来，麦克米伦在格拉斯哥的牢房里  
A police officer was called and Macmillan spent the night  

223  
00:13:05,760 --> 00:13:08,520  
度过了一夜。小女孩没事吧？  
in the cells in Glasgow. Was the wee girl OK?  

224  
00:13:08,520 --> 00:13:12,000  
我们认为除了有点惊吓外，她没事。  
We think that apart from a little bit of shock, that she was OK.  

225  
00:13:12,000 --> 00:13:14,600  
但法庭记录的存在  
But the fact that there's a court record  

226  
00:13:14,600 --> 00:13:18,120  
意味着这辆自行车有官方记录。  
means that there is an official record of this cycle.  

227  
00:13:18,120 --> 00:13:21,960  
如果没有那份记录，我认为  
If there hadn't been that record, then I think  

228  
00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:25,040  
麦克米伦的名声会有更多争议。  
Macmillan's claim to fame would have been much more in dispute.  

229  
00:13:25,040 --> 00:13:28,520  
所以是一份犯罪记录让他进入吉尼斯纪录  
So it was a criminal record that got him into the Guinness Book  

230  
00:13:28,520 --> 00:13:31,520  
成为自行车的发明者。完全正确。  
of Records as the inventor of the bicycle. Absolutely.  

231  
00:13:31,520 --> 00:13:34,040  
这是苏格兰历史的重要部分。  
It's an important part of Scottish history.  

232  
00:13:34,040 --> 00:13:38,160  
我忍不住想骑上这辆脚踏车。  
I can't resist the temptation to mount the velocipede.  

233  
00:13:38,160 --> 00:13:42,760  
在伊恩的指导下，我很快跨上了麦克米伦的装置。  
And with Ian's guidance, I'm soon straddling Macmillan's contraption.  

234  
00:13:42,760 --> 00:13:45,760  
我在脚踏车上。怎么让它动起来？  
I'm on the velocipede. How do I get it moving?  

235  
00:13:45,760 --> 00:13:49,280  
用力向前推，然后试着放松。  
Just give it a good old push forward and then just try and relax.  

236  
00:13:49,280 --> 00:13:51,280  
关键是踏板的节奏。  
And it's the rhythm of the treadles.  

237  
00:13:51,280 --> 00:13:54,040  
好的，我们先像木马那样开始。是的。  
Right, we'll start off hobby horse style. Yeah.  

238  
00:13:54,040 --> 00:13:56,520  
看看我能不能适应这些踏板。  
I'll see if I can adapt to these treadles.  

239  
00:13:56,520 --> 00:13:58,360  
左脚踩上去了。  
That's my left foot on.  

240  
00:13:58,360 --> 00:14:00,360  
哦，感觉有点怪。  
Ooh, that feels a bit weird.  

241  
00:14:00,360 --> 00:14:03,040  
我一只...我只能踩上一只脚！  
I've got one... I can only get one foot on!  

242  
00:14:03,040 --> 00:14:04,360  
哦！  
Oh!  

243  
00:14:04,360 --> 00:14:06,520  
前后，前后。  
Back and forward, back and forward.  

244  
00:14:06,520 --> 00:14:08,760  
哇！你做得很好。不错。  
Whoa!  You're doing great. Well done.  

245  
00:14:08,760 --> 00:14:10,280  
哇！继续。  
Whoa!  Keep going.  

246  
00:14:10,280 --> 00:14:12,560  
啊！前面路还长着呢。  
Argh! You've got plenty of road ahead.  

247  
00:14:12,560 --> 00:14:15,600  
好吧，但我实际上走得比你的步行速度还慢。  
OK, but I'm actually going slower than you at walking pace.  

248  
00:14:15,600 --> 00:14:17,680  
我无法真正控制方向...  
I can't really steer...  

249  
00:14:17,680 --> 00:14:19,560  
..但我们在移动。  
..but we are moving.  

250  
00:14:19,560 --> 00:14:24,040  
我们正在像柯克帕特里克·麦克米伦多年前那样  
We are pedalling the velocipede just as Kirkpatrick Macmillan did  

251  
00:14:24,040 --> 00:14:27,520  
从这里到格拉斯哥骑行脚踏车。  
all those years ago from here to Glasgow.  

252  
00:14:28,520 --> 00:14:31,680  
我对柯克帕特里克·麦克米伦充满敬意  
I'm full of admiration for Kirkpatrick Macmillan  

253  
00:14:31,680 --> 00:14:34,520  
但老实说，我很高兴能下来  
but, to be honest, I'm happy enough to get off  

254  
00:14:34,520 --> 00:14:37,640  
回到不那么危险的步行活动。  
and return to the less hazardous pursuit of walking.  

255  
00:14:37,640 --> 00:14:38,880  
救命！  
Help!  

256  
00:14:42,040 --> 00:14:45,280  
在柯克帕特里克·麦克米伦出生前一代人  
A generation before Kirkpatrick Macmillan was born,  

257  
00:14:45,280 --> 00:14:48,920  
另一位发明家曾漫步在尼斯河畔。  
another man of invention was walking the banks of the River Nith.  

258  
00:14:48,920 --> 00:14:52,560  
不是有远见的铁匠，而是一位文字大师  
Not a blacksmith with a vision but a wordsmith  

259  
00:14:52,560 --> 00:14:56,360  
拥有从想象中召唤生动故事和人物的力量  
with the power to conjure up vivid stories and characters  

260  
00:14:56,360 --> 00:14:58,080  
来自他的想象力。  
from his imagination.

261  
00:14:58,080 --> 00:15:01,520  
在通往大海的四分之三路程处，这里的河流  
About three-quarters of the way to the sea, the river here  

262  
00:15:01,520 --> 00:15:06,280  
曾是苏格兰民族诗人罗伯特·彭斯的常去之地。  
was once the haunt of Robert Burns, Scotland's National Bard.  

263  
00:15:07,280 --> 00:15:10,040  
彭斯曾住在埃利斯兰  
Burns lived here at Ellisland  

264  
00:15:10,040 --> 00:15:13,760  
在一座他自己参与设计和建造的农舍里。  
in a farmhouse that he helped design and build himself.  

265  
00:15:13,760 --> 00:15:17,040  
这座房子俯瞰尼斯河  
The property overlooks the River Nith,  

266  
00:15:17,040 --> 00:15:21,280  
河水轻柔持续的潺潺声构成了他  
whose gentle, constant murmurings would have formed a soundscape  

267  
00:15:21,280 --> 00:15:23,280  
每个工作日的背景音。  
to his every working day.  

268  
00:15:23,280 --> 00:15:26,440  
为了了解这位诗人的日常生活  
To find out what life was like for the poet,  

269  
00:15:26,440 --> 00:15:29,520  
我约见了杰拉德·卡拉瑟斯教授  
I'm meeting up with Professor Gerard Carruthers  

270  
00:15:29,520 --> 00:15:34,040  
在彭斯希望开始新生活的家门外。  
outside the home where Burns hoped to start a new life.  

271  
00:15:34,040 --> 00:15:37,040  
彭斯来到这里，真正开始成熟  
This is where Burns comes, really, to grow up  

272  
00:15:37,040 --> 00:15:40,280  
因为这是他与简·阿穆尔的第一处婚房。  
because it's his first marital home with Jean Armour.  

273  
00:15:40,280 --> 00:15:43,680  
他在邓弗里斯郡税务局获得了一份工作  
He has got the prospect of a gig with the Excise Service  

274  
00:15:43,680 --> 00:15:47,240  
同时他也被这里的风景深深吸引。  
in Dumfriesshire and he's also really turned on by the landscape.  

275  
00:15:47,240 --> 00:15:50,280  
他想："我可以在这里创作诗歌和歌曲。"  
He thinks, "I can write poems and songs here."  

276  
00:15:50,280 --> 00:15:53,520  
因此这个地方让彭斯在生活的各个方面  
So this is a place where Burns is going into overdrive  

277  
00:15:53,520 --> 00:15:55,360  
都进入了超常发挥状态。  
in all aspects of his life.  

278  
00:15:57,520 --> 00:16:00,520  
彭斯也想重塑自我  
Burns also wanted to reinvent himself,  

279  
00:16:00,520 --> 00:16:04,760  
因为他在家乡艾尔郡已小有名气。  
having acquired something of a reputation in his native Ayrshire.  

280  
00:16:04,760 --> 00:16:09,040  
在埃利斯兰，他决心成为更好的男人和丈夫  
At Ellisland, he resolved to become a better man and husband  

281  
00:16:09,040 --> 00:16:13,040  
他耕作土地，从大自然中获取灵感  
as he worked the land and drew inspiration from nature  

282  
00:16:13,040 --> 00:16:15,280  
尤其是尼斯河。  
and the River Nith in particular.  

283  
00:16:15,280 --> 00:16:19,040  
尼斯河的声音、天空、风景  
The sounds of the Nith, the sky, the landscape,  

284  
00:16:19,040 --> 00:16:20,920  
呃，鸟儿，花朵。  
erm, the birds, the flowers.  

285  
00:16:20,920 --> 00:16:24,040  
他描写这一切，感官超负荷运转  
He's writing about all these things, he's in sensory overdrive,  

286  
00:16:24,040 --> 00:16:28,040  
他说："尼斯河岸是我见过最甜美、最具诗意的土地  
and he says, "The banks of Nith are the sweetest, poetic ground  

287  
00:16:28,040 --> 00:16:29,520  
"我从未见过。"  
"I ever saw."  

288  
00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:32,040  
他在这里创作了《汤姆·奥桑特》。  
This is the place where he writes Tam o' Shanter.  

289  
00:16:32,040 --> 00:16:34,920  
另一首经典作品《友谊地久天长》  
It's also no accident that one of the other greatest hits,  

290  
00:16:34,920 --> 00:16:36,760  
也创作于此  
Auld Lang Syne, is written here,  

291  
00:16:36,760 --> 00:16:39,120  
同样包含河流意象。  
which again has got river imagery in it.  

292  
00:16:39,120 --> 00:16:42,040  
所以很多并非直接描写尼斯河的作品  
So a lot of the stuff that isn't explicitly about the Nith  

293  
00:16:42,040 --> 00:16:44,560  
都源自他在尼斯河畔的经历。  
is coming out of his experience of the Nith.  

294  
00:16:45,760 --> 00:16:51,040  
虽然埃利斯兰激发了诗歌创作，但这是个贫瘠的农场。  
While Ellisland may have inspired poetry, it was a poor farm.  

295  
00:16:51,040 --> 00:16:54,040  
经过三年艰苦而失望的生活  
After three hard and disappointing years,  

296  
00:16:54,040 --> 00:16:57,520  
全家离开这里搬到了邓弗里斯。  
the family left and moved to Dumfries.  

297  
00:16:57,520 --> 00:17:01,280  
但他在埃利斯兰岁月的遗产流传至今。  
But the legacy of his Ellisland years lives on.  

298  
00:17:01,280 --> 00:17:04,520  
有趣的是，他在这里创作的许多歌曲  
It's interesting that many of the songs that he writes here  

299  
00:17:04,520 --> 00:17:07,680  
不仅成为苏格兰经典，更成为欧洲经典  
go on to be not only Scottish but European classics,  

300  
00:17:07,680 --> 00:17:12,040  
人们至今仍喜爱这些作品，因为大自然  
and people still love that material today because nature,  

301  
00:17:12,040 --> 00:17:16,520  
从各方面来说，仍与彭斯时代一样。  
to all intents and purposes, is also as it was in Burns' day.  

302  
00:17:16,520 --> 00:17:20,680  
真神奇。想想这一切都始于尼斯河畔  
It's amazing. And to think that it all started here in this wee house  

303  
00:17:20,680 --> 00:17:22,240  
这座小房子里。  
beside the River Nith.  

304  
00:17:23,760 --> 00:17:27,040  
离开埃利斯兰，我沿着诗人的足迹  
Leaving Ellisland, I follow the poet's footsteps  

305  
00:17:27,040 --> 00:17:31,280  
漫步尼斯河畔，思索灵感是否会像眷顾彭斯那样  
beside the River Nith, wondering if inspiration will come to me  

306  
00:17:31,280 --> 00:17:34,040  
明显地降临于我。  
as it did so obviously to Burns.  

307  
00:17:35,040 --> 00:17:38,680  
根据了解这些的文学专家所说  
Now, according to literary experts who know about these things,  

308  
00:17:38,680 --> 00:17:42,680  
《汤姆·奥桑特》的韵律是行走的韵律  
the rhythm of the poem Tam o' Shanter is a walking rhythm  

309  
00:17:42,680 --> 00:17:46,040  
据说模仿了罗伯特·彭斯  
and is said to mimic the pace of Robert Burns as he walked  

310  
00:17:46,040 --> 00:17:49,520  
沿尼斯河岸行走创作时的步伐。  
along the banks of the River Nith, composing as he went.  

311  
00:17:49,520 --> 00:17:52,680  
如果我能记住词，我们可以验证一下。  
And we can put this to the test if I can remember the words.  

312  
00:17:52,680 --> 00:17:54,040  
开始吧。  
Here we go.  

313  
00:17:54,040 --> 00:17:56,920  
"当商贩们离开街道  
"When chapmen billies leave the street  

314  
00:17:56,920 --> 00:17:59,280  
"口渴的邻居们相遇  
"and drouthy neibors, neibors meet,  

315  
00:17:59,280 --> 00:18:01,920  
"随着集市日将尽  
"as market days are wearing late  

316  
00:18:01,920 --> 00:18:04,520  
"人们开始踏上归途  
"and folk begin to tak the gate,  

317  
00:18:04,520 --> 00:18:07,160  
"我们坐着痛饮麦芽酒  
"we sit bousing at the nappy,  

318  
00:18:07,160 --> 00:18:09,480  
"喝得酩酊异常快乐。"  
"getting fou and unco happy."  

319  
00:18:09,480 --> 00:18:11,280  
一个节拍都没错。  
Didn't miss a beat.  

320  
00:18:14,520 --> 00:18:18,760  
彭斯时代，这条激发醉汉汤姆灵感的  
In Burns' day, the path along the River Nith which helped to inspire  

321  
00:18:18,760 --> 00:18:22,840  
尼斯河畔小径，从埃利斯兰通向  
drunken Tam, led from Ellisland to the grand home  

322  
00:18:22,840 --> 00:18:27,040  
他的文友兼酒友罗伯特·里德尔的豪宅  
of his literary chum and drinking buddy Robert Riddell,  

323  
00:18:27,040 --> 00:18:29,520  
他住在修士谷。  
who lived in Friar's Carse.  

324  
00:18:29,520 --> 00:18:33,760  
众所周知，彭斯本人就像汤姆·奥桑特一样  
As is well known, Burns, rather like Tam o' Shanter himself,  

325  
00:18:33,760 --> 00:18:36,760  
在举杯畅饮方面从不落后  
was no slouch when it came to raising a glass,  

326  
00:18:36,760 --> 00:18:41,040  
他经常与好友里德尔寻求酒精带来的放松  
and he often sought distraction of an alcoholic variety  

327  
00:18:41,040 --> 00:18:42,760  
与他的朋友里德尔一起。  
with his pal Riddell.  

328  
00:18:42,760 --> 00:18:47,040  
在这种场合，过量饮酒被视为美德。  
On such occasions, excess was seen as a virtue.  

329  
00:18:48,040 --> 00:18:52,760  
有天晚上，彭斯参加了修士谷的一个饮酒游戏  
One night, Burns was present at a party game at Friar's Carse  

330  
00:18:52,760 --> 00:18:57,320  
三位地主比赛谁先喝到桌子底下。  
that involved three lairds drinking themselves under a table.  

331  
00:18:58,320 --> 00:19:00,760  
最后一个还能吹响哨子的人  
The last man capable of blowing a whistle  

332  
00:19:00,760 --> 00:19:03,040  
就是比赛的赢家。  
was the winner of the contest.  

333  
00:19:03,040 --> 00:19:06,760  
这位获胜的地主击败对手  
This victorious laird had beaten the opposition  

334  
00:19:06,760 --> 00:19:10,720  
喝下了不少于八瓶红葡萄酒。  
by downing no less than eight bottles of claret.  

335  
00:19:11,720 --> 00:19:13,760  
这真是了不起的成就  
Now, that's quite an achievement  

336  
00:19:13,760 --> 00:19:17,760  
彭斯用诗歌《哨子》来庆祝这一壮举。  
and one that Burns celebrated with the poem The Whistle.  

337  
00:19:20,760 --> 00:19:23,760  
当彭斯没有被河流女神激发灵感时  
When Burns wasn't fired by the river muse,  

338  
00:19:23,760 --> 00:19:26,080  
他花了很多空闲时间  
he spent a good deal of his free time  

339  
00:19:26,080 --> 00:19:28,280  
与当地士绅交往。  
hobnobbing with the local gentry.  

340  
00:19:28,280 --> 00:19:31,280  
其中包括他的房东帕特里克·米勒  
Among them, his landlord, Patrick Miller,  

341  
00:19:31,280 --> 00:19:36,040  
他拥有尼斯河左岸的达尔文顿庄园。  
who owned Dalswinton Estate on the left bank of the Nith.  

342  
00:19:36,040 --> 00:19:39,520  
米勒似乎喜欢在自己的土地上有一位诗人  
Miller, it seems, liked having a poet on his land,  

343  
00:19:39,520 --> 00:19:42,360  
他也支持其他有创造力的人  
and he also supported other creative folk,  

344  
00:19:42,360 --> 00:19:46,040  
包括采矿工程师威廉·赛明顿  
including the mining engineer William Symington,  

345  
00:19:46,040 --> 00:19:49,280  
他为该地区创造了又一个"第一"  
who notched up another first for the area  

346  
00:19:49,280 --> 00:19:52,520  
在1788年10月14日。  
on October 14th, 1788.  

347  
00:19:52,520 --> 00:19:57,280  
他成功推出了世界上第一艘明轮船。  
He successfully launched the world's very first paddle steamer.  

348  
00:19:58,760 --> 00:20:01,760  
湖边有一艘与实物大小相同的  
Beside the loch is a full size replica  

349  
00:20:01,760 --> 00:20:04,040  
这艘世界领先船只的复制品  
of this world beating vessel -  

350  
00:20:04,040 --> 00:20:08,040  
双体船身由简易蒸汽机驱动  
a twin-hulled craft powered by a simple steam engine  

351  
00:20:08,040 --> 00:20:10,520  
带动中央明轮运转。  
turning a central paddle wheel.  

352  
00:20:10,520 --> 00:20:15,280  
这是苏格兰被遗忘的重大发明首创。  
It's a significant and forgotten inventive first for Scotland.  

353  
00:20:15,280 --> 00:20:19,280  
但令人失望的是，赛明顿选择  
But, disappointingly, the location Symington chose to make  

354  
00:20:19,280 --> 00:20:24,680  
进行这次历史性航行的地点显示他对自己的发明缺乏信心。  
this historic voyage suggests a lack of confidence in his invention.  

355  
00:20:24,680 --> 00:20:27,280  
他没有选择开阔海域  
Rather than trusting to the open sea,  

356  
00:20:27,280 --> 00:20:31,760  
世界上第一艘明轮蒸汽船谨慎地  
the world's first paddle-propelled steamboat was cautiously launched  

357  
00:20:31,760 --> 00:20:35,760  
驶入了达尔文顿湖非常平静的水域  
into the very sheltered waters of Dalswinton Loch,  

358  
00:20:35,760 --> 00:20:39,040  
在我看来更像一个磨坊池塘。  
which, to me, looks more like a mill pond.  

359  
00:20:42,280 --> 00:20:44,680  
再往下游六英里  
Six miles further downstream,  

360  
00:20:44,680 --> 00:20:48,760  
我来到该地区最大的城镇  
I come to the biggest town in this part of the country -  

361  
00:20:48,760 --> 00:20:53,280  
邓弗里斯，和它古老而著名的大桥。  
Dumfries, and it's old and very famous bridge.  

362  
00:20:53,280 --> 00:20:56,520  
这座桥以一位女士命名，她委托在此修建  
The bridge is named after the woman who commissioned a crossing  

363  
00:20:56,520 --> 00:20:58,920  
一座横跨尼斯河的桥梁。  
to be built here over the River Nith.  

364  
00:20:58,920 --> 00:21:03,040  
她叫德沃古拉夫人——一位拥有  
Her name was Lady Dervorguilla - a powerful aristocrat  

365  
00:21:03,040 --> 00:21:07,760  
王室血统的贵族，她的财富建立了甜心修道院  
of royal descent whose fortune established Sweetheart Abbey  

366  
00:21:07,760 --> 00:21:10,040  
和牛津大学贝利奥尔学院。  
and Balliol College Oxford.  

367  
00:21:11,560 --> 00:21:16,520  
最初的桥建于约1260年，是木制的。  
The original bridge dates from about 1260 and was built of wood.  

368  
00:21:16,520 --> 00:21:20,280  
现在的结构大多建于17世纪  
The present structure mostly dates from the 17th century  

369  
00:21:20,280 --> 00:21:22,520  
是苏格兰最古老的桥梁之一  
and is one of Scotland's oldest  

370  
00:21:22,520 --> 00:21:25,440  
至今仍供行人使用。  
and is still in use by pedestrians today.  

371  
00:21:26,440 --> 00:21:29,520  
俯瞰大桥的是一座古老的风车塔  
Overlooking the bridge is an old windmill tower  

372  
00:21:29,520 --> 00:21:33,040  
在1830年代被改造成天文台。  
that was turned into an observatory in the 1830s.  

373  
00:21:33,040 --> 00:21:36,640  
现在这里是博物馆，我在此会见乔安妮·麦凯  
It's now a museum, where I'm meeting JoAnne McKay  

374  
00:21:36,640 --> 00:21:39,840  
了解一位本地人——罗伯特·瓦兰德的故事。  
to learn about a local lad - Robert Waland.  

375  
00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:44,040  
如果没有罗伯特1960年代在天文学方面的工作  
Without Robert's work in astronomy during the 1960s,  

376  
00:21:44,040 --> 00:21:48,040  
尼尔·阿姆斯特朗可能永远无法登上月球。  
Neil Armstrong might never have walked on the Moon.  

377  
00:21:48,040 --> 00:21:51,280  
这简直...这个故事几乎令人难以置信。  
It's the most... It's a story that almost beggars belief.  

378  
00:21:51,280 --> 00:21:54,520  
15岁时，他制作了第一台望远镜  
At the age of 15, he makes his first telescope  

379  
00:21:54,520 --> 00:21:56,760  
用来捕捉火星的清晰图像。  
to capture a good image of Mars.  

380  
00:21:56,760 --> 00:22:00,760  
从那时起，他建造了一座天文台  
From there, he builds an observatory,  

381  
00:22:00,760 --> 00:22:04,520  
一座功能齐全的天文台，在他家后院。  
a fully functioning observatory, in his back garden.  

382  
00:22:04,520 --> 00:22:08,040  
在邓弗里斯？在邓弗里斯郊外的格伦卡普尔。  
In Dumfries? In Glencaple, just outside of Dumfries.  

383  
00:22:08,040 --> 00:22:10,120  
绝对惊人的成就。  
An absolutely stunning achievement.  

384  
00:22:10,120 --> 00:22:13,040  
他不仅自己打磨镜片  
And not only is he grinding the lenses,  

385  
00:22:13,040 --> 00:22:16,880  
每个零件都是他亲手制作和加工的。  
every single part is made and machined by him.  

386  
00:22:16,880 --> 00:22:21,040  
罗伯特·瓦兰德的少年天才很快引起关注  
Robert Waland's youthful genius soon got him noticed  

387  
00:22:21,040 --> 00:22:24,280  
他被著名天文学家  
and he was head-hunted by the acclaimed astronomer  

388  
00:22:24,280 --> 00:22:27,000  
圣安德鲁斯大学的弗罗因德利希教授  
Professor Freundlich at St Andrews University  

389  
00:22:27,000 --> 00:22:29,280  
邀请协助建造新望远镜。  
to help build a new telescope.  

390  
00:22:29,280 --> 00:22:34,760  
然后在1961年，肯尼迪总统发表了一篇重要演讲。  
Then, in 1961, President Kennedy made an important speech.

391  
00:22:34,760 --> 00:22:37,520  
这将改变罗伯特的人生轨迹。  
It would change the course of Robert's life.  

392  
00:22:37,520 --> 00:22:40,520  
我相信这个国家应当全力以赴  
I believe that this nation should commit itself  

393  
00:22:40,520 --> 00:22:44,520  
实现这个十年内将人类送上月球  
to achieving the goal before this decade is out  

394  
00:22:44,520 --> 00:22:48,800  
并安全返回地球的目标。  
of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth.  

395  
00:22:48,800 --> 00:22:52,280  
为选择合适登月地点  
To choose a suitable place for a lunar landing,  

396  
00:22:52,280 --> 00:22:56,280  
美国宇航局需要尽可能多  
Nasa needed as much information about the surface of the Moon  

397  
00:22:56,280 --> 00:22:58,040  
的月球表面信息。  
as possible.  

398  
00:22:58,040 --> 00:23:02,360  
突然间，月球天文学变得极其重要  
All of a sudden, lunar astronomy becomes very, very important.  

399  
00:23:02,360 --> 00:23:06,680  
有位学者正从事这项工作——柯伊伯教授  
There is one man who is doing this work and that is Professor Kuiper.  

400  
00:23:06,680 --> 00:23:09,360  
亚利桑那大学的柯伊伯教授  
Professor Kuiper at the University of Arizona  

401  
00:23:09,360 --> 00:23:13,640  
随后建立了首个月球与行星实验室  
then starts the first lunar and planetary laboratory  

402  
00:23:13,640 --> 00:23:18,040  
瓦兰德先生实际前往亚利桑那大学  
and Mr Waland actually goes to the University of Arizona,  

403  
00:23:18,040 --> 00:23:22,240  
参与制造柯伊伯望远镜  
produces the Kuiper Telescope, and it is this telescope  

404  
00:23:22,240 --> 00:23:26,040  
正是这台望远镜拍摄的图像  
which captures the image used in Kuiper's famous  

405  
00:23:26,040 --> 00:23:28,160  
被用于著名的《综合月球图集》  
Consolidated Lunar Atlas.  

406  
00:23:28,160 --> 00:23:33,280  
瓦兰德光学设备捕捉的超精细图像  
The astonishingly detailed images captured by Waland's optics  

407  
00:23:33,280 --> 00:23:35,040  
令人叹为观止。  
are breathtaking.  

408  
00:23:35,040 --> 00:23:39,280  
这是静海的实际图版...哇！  
This is an actual plate of the Sea of Tranquillity... Wow!  

409  
00:23:39,280 --> 00:23:43,760  
..登月舱着陆点，望远镜表现非凡  
..where they actually landed, and the telescope did a phenomenal job.  

410  
00:23:43,760 --> 00:23:46,040  
你能看到惊人的分辨率。  
You can see the quality of the resolution.  

411  
00:23:46,040 --> 00:23:48,920  
那就是鹰号降落的地方？就是那里...  
And that's where the Eagle landed? That is where the...  

412  
00:23:48,920 --> 00:23:51,280  
你不想成为宣布那句话的人吗？  
Wouldn't you love to be the one that said that?  

413  
00:23:51,280 --> 00:23:53,080  
"鹰已着陆。"  
"The Eagle has landed."  

414  
00:23:53,080 --> 00:23:56,120  
想想邓弗里斯人帮助  
It's amazing, isn't it, to think that a man from Dumfries  

415  
00:23:56,120 --> 00:24:00,040  
尼尔·阿姆斯特朗在月球表面导航就很神奇？  
helped Neil Armstrong navigate his way around the lunar surface?  

416  
00:24:00,040 --> 00:24:02,040  
这绝对是非凡的成就。  
It is absolutely phenomenal.  

417  
00:24:03,760 --> 00:24:08,040  
无需任何图集指引，我自行寻路  
Without the aid of any kind of atlas, I navigate my way back  

418  
00:24:08,040 --> 00:24:11,920  
返回河边，重走罗伯特·彭斯的足迹。  
to the river, where I return to the trail of Robert Burns.  

419  
00:24:11,920 --> 00:24:16,280  
离开埃利斯兰后，他与家人搬至邓弗里斯  
After Ellisland, he and his family moved into Dumfries,  

420  
00:24:16,280 --> 00:24:19,040  
城中处处可见他的痕迹。  
and there are reminders of him everywhere.  

421  
00:24:20,040 --> 00:24:23,760  
罗伯特·彭斯并非顾家之人  
Robert Burns wasn't much of a family man really,  

422  
00:24:23,760 --> 00:24:28,040  
更爱与志同道合者在当时  
preferring instead the company of other good fellows  

423  
00:24:28,040 --> 00:24:32,520  
名为"环球"的酒馆相聚。  
at a hostelry known then and now as The Globe.  

424  
00:24:36,760 --> 00:24:40,520  
在这家苏格兰最古老的酒馆内  
Inside one of the oldest public houses in Scotland,  

425  
00:24:40,520 --> 00:24:42,760  
我约见简·布朗  
I meet up with Jane Brown  

426  
00:24:42,760 --> 00:24:47,520  
探寻罗伯特·彭斯的私密社交生活。  
for an insight into the intimate social life of Robert Burns.  

427  
00:24:47,520 --> 00:24:50,000  
这里被称作他的"豪夫"  
This is what they called his "howff"  

428  
00:24:50,000 --> 00:24:53,040  
古苏格兰语意为"常去之地"。  
and "howff" in old Scots means favourite haunt.  

429  
00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:55,360  
他最爱的去处？最爱的去处。  
His favourite haunt? His favourite haunt.  

430  
00:24:55,360 --> 00:24:58,840  
他来此小酌威士忌或红酒  
Where he would come for a wee dram or a wee glass of claret, whatever,  

431  
00:24:58,840 --> 00:25:00,440  
闲谈片刻。  
and a bit of chat.  

432  
00:25:00,440 --> 00:25:04,040  
想必这是家热闹的小酒馆？确实。  
So this would have been quite a busy wee pub, I guess. Absolutely.  

433  
00:25:04,040 --> 00:25:07,280  
曾是镇中心，极受欢迎。  
It was the hub of the town and very, very popular.  

434  
00:25:07,280 --> 00:25:09,320  
可谓活力四射的酒馆。  
A vibrant pub, I would say.  

435  
00:25:11,040 --> 00:25:14,520  
彭斯沉醉于"环球"的热闹社交  
Burns delighted in the lively social mix at The Globe.  

436  
00:25:14,520 --> 00:25:18,040  
时常抵挡不住诱惑  
So much so that he sometimes gave in to temptation  

437  
00:25:18,040 --> 00:25:21,280  
夜不归宿让妻子简·阿穆尔独守空房。  
and failed to make it home to his wife Jean Armour.  

438  
00:25:21,280 --> 00:25:25,760  
就在这间卧室他与年轻女侍共度良宵  
And it was in this bedroom that he slept with a young serving girl.  

439  
00:25:25,760 --> 00:25:30,520  
他与店主侄女安娜·帕克有染  
He had an affair with the landlord's niece, Anna Park, and she gave birth  

440  
00:25:30,520 --> 00:25:34,280  
在妻子简产子前九天诞下女婴  
to a baby girl nine days before his wife, Jean, gave birth to a son.  

441  
00:25:34,280 --> 00:25:37,040  
不幸安娜早逝  
Unfortunately, Anna died at some point and the child,  

442  
00:25:37,040 --> 00:25:39,040  
孩子伊丽莎白·彭斯  
Elizabeth Burns, was brought back,  

443  
00:25:39,040 --> 00:25:42,040  
被简·阿穆尔视如己出抚养。  
and Jean Armour brought the child up with her own children.  

444  
00:25:42,040 --> 00:25:44,280  
简·阿穆尔此举令人动容。  
What an amazing thing for Jean Armour to do.  

445  
00:25:44,280 --> 00:25:47,440  
极其慈悲——接纳彭斯的私生女  
Very, very, compassionate. To take on Burns' illegitimate child  

446  
00:25:47,440 --> 00:25:50,520  
在情感与生活空间上都  
and try and find space and time emotionally and physically  

447  
00:25:50,520 --> 00:25:52,840  
给予这个孩子家庭温暖。  
to bring that child up within her own family.  

448  
00:25:52,840 --> 00:25:54,760  
是的，且始终爱着彭斯。  
Yes, and stay in love with Burns.  

449  
00:25:54,760 --> 00:25:56,680  
但他为安娜写过诗。  
But he wrote a poem to Anna.  

450  
00:25:56,680 --> 00:26:00,280  
"昨夜我饮葡萄酒，无人知晓此中情  
"Yestreen I had a pint o' wine, a place where body saw na.  

451  
00:26:00,280 --> 00:26:05,040  
"昨夜金发安娜枕我怀，缠绵悱恻到天明"  
"Yestreen lay on this breast o' mine, the gowden locks of Anna."  

452  
00:26:06,040 --> 00:26:10,920  
彭斯缠绵的诗句掩盖了  
Burns' genius with sentimental verse masks the grim reality  

453  
00:26:10,920 --> 00:26:13,040  
安娜香消玉殒的悲剧。  
of Anna's tragic death.  

454  
00:26:13,040 --> 00:26:17,880  
但这并非房间内唯一因爱而生的诗作  
But the verse wasn't the only poem inspired by love in the room.  

455  
00:26:17,880 --> 00:26:21,520  
彭斯还将其他诗句刻在窗玻璃上。  
Burns etched other lines into the window-panes.  

456  
00:26:21,520 --> 00:26:26,040  
我们仍保留着两处原始刻诗  
We still have two original etchings, which is really, really special,  

457  
00:26:26,040 --> 00:26:29,520  
其中一首在内窗框上。  
and one is here in this inner frame.  

458  
00:26:29,520 --> 00:26:33,680  
"哦，可爱的波莉·斯图尔特  
"O, lovely Polly Stewart, O, charming Polly Stewart,  

459  
00:26:33,680 --> 00:26:36,680  
"我心中绽放的花朵  
"There's no' a flower that blooms in me  

460  
00:26:36,680 --> 00:26:39,480  
"不及你半分美丽"  
"that's half so fair as thou art."  

461  
00:26:39,480 --> 00:26:41,680  
这是他...之前还是之后写的？  
Did he write that before or after his...?  

462  
00:26:41,680 --> 00:26:44,080  
我不确定，希望是之后。  
Well, I'm not sure. I hope it was after.  

463  
00:26:44,080 --> 00:26:46,680  
要是安娜看见这个  
I mean, if Anna had seen that, she would have been  

464  
00:26:46,680 --> 00:26:49,160  
估计会气疯吧。确实。  
a bit hacked off, I'm guessing. I know.  

465  
00:26:50,760 --> 00:26:54,040  
离开"环球"酒馆，我重返尼斯河畔  
Leaving The Globe, I head back to the River Nith.  

466  
00:26:54,040 --> 00:26:56,920  
河流在此拓宽汇入索尔威湾  
As it widens to meet the Solway Firth,  

467  
00:26:56,920 --> 00:27:01,040  
形成广袤闪光的潮汐滩涂  
it becomes a place of vast, glistening tidal flats  

468  
00:27:01,040 --> 00:27:02,840  
与无垠天空。  
and big skies.  

469  
00:27:02,840 --> 00:27:06,520  
源自东艾尔郡群山的淡水  
Here, the fresh water of the river which rose in the hills  

470  
00:27:06,520 --> 00:27:09,760  
在此与海水交融  
of East Ayrshire mixes with saltwater  

471  
00:27:09,760 --> 00:27:12,040  
形成宽阔的浅水河口。  
in a wide, shallow estuary.  

472  
00:27:12,040 --> 00:27:16,520  
卡莱弗洛克城堡如卫士般矗立河口  
Standing guard at the mouth of the river is Caerlaverock Castle -  

473  
00:27:16,520 --> 00:27:18,520  
"云雀之堡"。  
the Fort of the Lark.  

474  
00:27:18,520 --> 00:27:22,760  
卡莱弗洛克满足对城堡的所有幻想  
Caerlaverock is everything that a castle should be.  

475  
00:27:22,760 --> 00:27:27,760  
高墙巍峨，雉堞森然，角塔林立  
It's got mighty walls, battlements and towers at every corner,  

476  
00:27:27,760 --> 00:27:29,760  
还有护城河环绕。  
and there's even a moat.  

477  
00:27:29,760 --> 00:27:33,520  
堪称城堡精髓。  
It's the very quintessence of a castle.  

478  
00:27:35,040 --> 00:27:39,520  
现存城堡建于13世纪  
The present castle dates from the 13th century and was built  

479  
00:27:39,520 --> 00:27:44,920  
由显赫的麦克斯韦家族建造并统治四百年  
by the mighty Maxwell family, who held sway here for 400 years.  

480  
00:27:44,920 --> 00:27:49,280  
因卡莱弗洛克掌控着苏格兰主要通道  
Because Caerlaverock commands access to one of the principal routes  

481  
00:27:49,280 --> 00:27:54,040  
英格兰国王爱德华一世曾率军围攻  
into Scotland, it was besieged by Edward I of England.  

482  
00:27:54,040 --> 00:27:58,360  
1300年他亲率三千大军压境  
In 1300, he came with an army of 3,000 men,  

483  
00:27:58,360 --> 00:28:00,800  
但坚固的城防使六十名守军  
but the strength of the castle's defences  

484  
00:28:00,800 --> 00:28:05,520  
多次击退进攻  
allowed the 60 Scots inside to repel several assaults  

485  
00:28:05,520 --> 00:28:09,040  
最终才被迫投降。  
until they were eventually forced to surrender.  

486  
00:28:10,320 --> 00:28:13,520  
此后城堡屡遭损毁  
Since then, the castle's been knocked about a good bit,  

487  
00:28:13,520 --> 00:28:17,040  
留存部分仍足以激发想象  
but enough survives to fire the imagination,  

488  
00:28:17,040 --> 00:28:22,520  
使卡莱弗洛克成为我"发明之河"尼斯河之旅  
making Caerlaverock an ideal place for me to end my grand tour  

489  
00:28:22,520 --> 00:28:26,040  
的理想终点。  
down the River Nith - the river of invention.  

490  
00:28:29,040 --> 00:28:31,520  
欢迎继续收看我的下一段旅程  
Join me on my next grand tour  

491  
00:28:31,520 --> 00:28:35,200  
沿南埃斯克河顺流而下。  
when I go with the flow down the River South Esk.