1 00:00:01,436 --> 00:00:03,133 正是有您这样的观众，才让本节目得以呈现。 Viewers like you make this program possible. 2 00:00:03,264 --> 00:00:05,440 请支持您当地的PBS电视台。 Support your local PBS station. 3 00:00:17,495 --> 00:00:22,935 在热带雨林深处，人们正在寻找巨人的踪迹。 Deep in a tropical rainforest, there is a search for giants. 4 00:00:23,066 --> 00:00:24,676 你能看到的只有它们的影子。 All you see are the shadows. 5 00:00:24,807 --> 00:00:27,418 它们听到你的动静就会立刻逃走。 They hear you coming, and they just flee. 6 00:00:30,073 --> 00:00:32,771 这些是西部低地大猩猩， These are western lowland gorillas, 7 00:00:32,902 --> 00:00:35,818 而今天，它们有理由保持警惕。 and, today, they have reason to be shy. 8 00:00:35,948 --> 00:00:39,300 它们刚刚迎来了一个新成员。 They've just welcomed a new member to the group. 9 00:00:41,780 --> 00:00:46,611 这只刚出生几小时的宝宝将加入一个大家庭。 Hours old, this baby will join an extended family. 10 00:00:48,961 --> 00:00:50,572 众所周知，大猩猩会聚在一起， Gorillas are known to come together 11 00:00:50,702 --> 00:00:52,052 形成这样的簇拥， and form these huddles, 12 00:00:52,182 --> 00:00:56,230 孩子们会在其中嬉戏玩耍。 and there will be lots of kids playing. 13 00:00:56,360 --> 00:01:00,756 对这两兄弟来说，冒险从不缺乏， For these two brothers, there is no shortage of adventure, 14 00:01:00,886 --> 00:01:03,628 而且总有成员在放哨。 and someone is always keeping watch. 15 00:01:08,807 --> 00:01:11,245 跟随镜头，一窥这群森林巨人 Follow along for a rare look at life 16 00:01:11,375 --> 00:01:14,900 难得一见的族群生活。 in this troop of forest giants. 17 00:01:42,232 --> 00:01:47,585 西非的加蓬堪称奇迹之地。 Gabon, in Western Africa, is something of a miracle. 18 00:01:50,197 --> 00:01:54,375 这里90%的土地被雨林覆盖。 90% of the land is covered in rainforest. 19 00:01:57,378 --> 00:02:00,598 远离村庄与小径的密林深处， Far from villages and paths, 20 00:02:00,729 --> 00:02:05,168 神秘的巨人在绿色迷宫中游荡。 mysterious giants roam the depths of this green labyrinth. 21 00:02:08,519 --> 00:02:12,349 西部低地大猩猩。 Western lowland gorillas. 22 00:02:12,480 --> 00:02:16,832 它们是传奇般的存在，野外罕有踪迹。 They are the stuff of legend and are rarely seen in the wild. 23 00:02:19,617 --> 00:02:22,620 这是族群首领卡玛亚。 This is Kamaya, the group's leader. 24 00:02:30,237 --> 00:02:33,153 银背猩猩仍掌控着族群， The silverback is still in control, 25 00:02:33,283 --> 00:02:35,503 但紧张氛围已逐渐显现。 but tensions are becoming evident. 26 00:02:49,256 --> 00:02:51,432 这个家族常会午睡数小时。 The family often naps for hours. 27 00:02:54,261 --> 00:02:58,221 但今天不同寻常。 But today is different. 28 00:02:58,352 --> 00:03:00,223 一只雌猩猩离开了群体。 A female has withdrawn from the group. 29 00:03:03,400 --> 00:03:07,099 莫克波即将分娩， Mokebo is expecting a baby, 30 00:03:07,230 --> 00:03:10,842 为巨人森林带来珍贵的新生命。 a precious new addition to the forest of the giants. 31 00:03:19,242 --> 00:03:21,723 620英里长的海岸线 A 620-mile stretch of coast 32 00:03:21,853 --> 00:03:24,987 沿着大西洋勾勒出卢安果国家公园 along the Atlantic marks the western boundary 33 00:03:25,117 --> 00:03:27,381 的西侧边界。 of the Loango National Park. 34 00:03:32,603 --> 00:03:37,521 水道与海岸森林很快过渡为向内陆延伸的 Channels and coastal forests soon give way to savannas 35 00:03:37,652 --> 00:03:41,177 热带草原。 that stretch far inland. 36 00:03:41,308 --> 00:03:46,878 广袤的沙质高地上草甸连绵， Here, large, sandy, elevated plains are covered in grass, 37 00:03:47,009 --> 00:03:51,883 成为非洲森林水牛群的美味盛宴。 a welcome feast for herds of African forest buffalo. 38 00:03:56,888 --> 00:03:59,195 森林象偶尔也会 The forest elephants will occasionally 39 00:03:59,326 --> 00:04:02,459 冒险进入草原。 venture out into the grasslands. 40 00:04:02,590 --> 00:04:07,725 但它们真正的家园仍是茂密的雨林。 However, their natural habitat remains the abundant rainforest. 41 00:04:12,034 --> 00:04:14,558 加蓬的卢安果国家公园 Gabon's Loango National Park 42 00:04:14,689 --> 00:04:19,520 覆盖近600平方英里的赤道雨林。 covers almost 600 square miles of equatorial rainforest. 43 00:04:19,650 --> 00:04:22,958 这里属于全球最大雨林区之一。 It's part of one of the world's largest rainforests. 44 00:04:27,615 --> 00:04:30,400 来自德国莱比锡 Scientists from the Max Planck Institute 45 00:04:30,531 --> 00:04:36,972 马克斯·普朗克研究所的科学家自2005年在此工作。 in Leipzig, Germany, have worked here since 2005. 46 00:04:37,102 --> 00:04:40,410 他们开展了一项长期研究—— They've undertaken a long-term study-- 47 00:04:40,541 --> 00:04:43,500 旨在全面了解栖息在西非雨林中的 to learn all they can about the lowland gorillas 48 00:04:43,631 --> 00:04:48,636 低地大猩猩。 who inhabit the rainforests of Western Africa. 49 00:04:48,766 --> 00:04:51,421 经过多年艰苦的野外工作， After years of painstaking fieldwork, 50 00:04:51,552 --> 00:04:55,077 研究取得重大突破—— the study has achieved a significant milestone-- 51 00:04:55,207 --> 00:04:57,558 一个大猩猩家族已逐渐适应了 a family of gorillas has grown accustomed 52 00:04:57,688 --> 00:05:00,256 人类的存在。 to the presence of humans. 53 00:05:00,387 --> 00:05:04,173 即便如此，这些巨猿仍难觅踪迹。 Even so, the great apes are hard to find. 54 00:05:12,529 --> 00:05:15,924 前往大猩猩栖息地充满挑战。 Getting to the gorilla habitat is challenging. 55 00:05:16,054 --> 00:05:18,883 团队穿越潟湖的咸水区后， Having crossed the brackish water of the lagoon, 56 00:05:19,014 --> 00:05:22,409 还需穿越红树林带。 the team has to make its way through the mangroves. 57 00:05:31,243 --> 00:05:37,424 灵长类动物学家玛莎·罗宾斯是项目负责人。 Primatologist Martha Robbins is the project's supervisor. 58 00:05:37,554 --> 00:05:40,818 她每年与团队工作四周， Every year, she spends four weeks with the team, 59 00:05:40,949 --> 00:05:43,255 带领志愿者、学生 joining volunteers, students, 60 00:05:43,386 --> 00:05:46,346 和当地追踪者开展日常工作。 and local trackers during their daily work. 61 00:05:49,566 --> 00:05:53,309 当大猩猩消失在灌木丛中时，玛莎立即察觉 Martha immediately notices that something is different 62 00:05:53,440 --> 00:05:58,401 到异常。 when the gorillas disappear into the undergrowth. 63 00:05:58,532 --> 00:06:04,015 匆匆一瞥便让她明白了一切。 A quick look tells her everything she needs to know. 64 00:06:04,146 --> 00:06:06,714 害羞的雌猩猩莫克波 Mokebo, the shy female, 65 00:06:06,844 --> 00:06:10,195 正怀抱着她的新生儿。 is cradling her newborn in her arms. 66 00:06:14,069 --> 00:06:17,681 这只幼崽出生仅数小时， The baby gorilla is just a few hours old 67 00:06:17,812 --> 00:06:20,815 想必是午夜时分降生的。 and must have been born in the middle of the night. 68 00:06:37,614 --> 00:06:43,098 新生命的到来让团队惊喜不已。 The new arrival is an exciting surprise for the team. 69 00:06:43,228 --> 00:06:47,058 雌猩猩很少显露怀孕迹象。 Female gorillas rarely show signs of pregnancy. 70 00:06:56,633 --> 00:06:59,027 幼年大猩猩生命的最初时光 The first hours of a young gorilla's life 71 00:06:59,157 --> 00:07:02,422 总是弥足珍贵。 are something special. 72 00:07:02,552 --> 00:07:07,557 就连卡玛亚也展现出最温和的一面。 Even Kamaya is on his best behavior. 73 00:07:07,688 --> 00:07:09,820 在低地大猩猩群体中， Among lowland gorilla groups, 74 00:07:09,951 --> 00:07:13,476 所有新生儿都是银背首领—— all newborns are direct descendants of the silverback, 75 00:07:13,607 --> 00:07:16,958 即统治雄性的直系后代。 the dominant male. 76 00:07:17,088 --> 00:07:20,091 当家族成员围聚在卡玛亚身旁时， As the family gathers around Kamaya, 77 00:07:20,222 --> 00:07:22,790 这位骄傲的父亲守护在侧。 the proud father stands guard. 78 00:07:26,097 --> 00:07:32,582 能见证大猩猩的成长让我深感荣幸， I just feel so privileged to have seen gorillas grow up, 79 00:07:32,713 --> 00:07:36,760 看着幼崽出生到成为统治银背， where a baby's born and then becomes a dominant silverback, 80 00:07:36,891 --> 00:07:39,589 或是目睹雌猩猩诞生后 or seeing a female born 81 00:07:39,720 --> 00:07:43,201 孕育第一胎乃至更多后代。 and then seeing her have her first kid and her next. 82 00:07:43,332 --> 00:07:46,378 而今天亲眼见到这个崭新生命， And, you know, going out and seeing that brand-new baby 83 00:07:46,509 --> 00:07:49,120 依然令我激动不已。 was still such a thrill. 84 00:07:49,251 --> 00:07:51,035 这不仅出于个人情感， That's from a personal standpoint, 85 00:07:51,166 --> 00:07:53,690 作为科学家我们也仍在不断学习， but also, as a scientist, we're still learning a lot, 86 00:07:53,821 --> 00:07:55,431 能将二者结合实在—— and being able to combine the two is-- 87 00:07:55,562 --> 00:07:56,737 太美妙了。 yeah, it's just amazing. 88 00:08:00,088 --> 00:08:04,658 研究人员将这个家族命名为阿塔南加族群。 The researchers have named this family group the Atananga Group. 89 00:08:07,617 --> 00:08:11,926 卡玛亚是位出色的领袖。 Kamaya's a very good leader of his group. 90 00:08:12,056 --> 00:08:16,191 他沉稳而不失威严—— He's calm, but he's also-- 91 00:08:16,321 --> 00:08:19,281 我认为他掌控力十足。 I would say he's-- he is in control. 92 00:08:19,411 --> 00:08:21,457 他时刻保持警觉， He's very vigilant, he's always watching 93 00:08:21,588 --> 00:08:23,372 关注着周围动向。 what else is going on. 94 00:08:23,503 --> 00:08:29,160 我认为他为领导族群 And I think he has, like, a very good model of leadership 95 00:08:29,291 --> 00:08:32,076 树立了完美典范。 to be in charge of his group. 96 00:08:32,207 --> 00:08:35,253 他会照看自己的孩子等等。 He keeps track of his kids and so forth. 97 00:08:35,384 --> 00:08:38,256 是的，他拥有非常迷人的个性。 But, yeah, he's got a really lovely personality. 98 00:08:41,433 --> 00:08:44,698 族群的核心由银背首领 The core of the group consists of the silverback 99 00:08:44,828 --> 00:08:47,222 及其配偶们组成。 and the mothers of his offspring. 100 00:08:50,094 --> 00:08:53,445 银背的女儿们成年后会离开族群， Females fathered by the silverback leave the group 101 00:08:53,576 --> 00:08:58,059 以避免近亲繁殖。 once they mature, which prevents incest. 102 00:08:58,189 --> 00:09:01,628 她们最终会加入其他独居猩猩 They will eventually join forces with another solitary gorilla 103 00:09:01,758 --> 00:09:03,586 或不同群体。 or with a different group. 104 00:09:08,417 --> 00:09:11,768 年轻雄性在青少年时期就被迫离开。 Young males are forced to leave as teenagers. 105 00:09:11,899 --> 00:09:14,118 银背首领不容许 The silverbacks will not tolerate rivals 106 00:09:14,249 --> 00:09:17,295 任何地位挑战者。 for their position. 107 00:09:17,426 --> 00:09:21,082 10岁的瓦卡可能还会在家族中 Waka is 10 years old and will probably spend another 108 00:09:21,212 --> 00:09:25,303 生活四到五年。 four or five years with the family. 109 00:09:25,434 --> 00:09:29,090 6岁的奥韦格利则还有约十年光景 Owegely is 6, giving him another decade or so 110 00:09:29,220 --> 00:09:32,702 与族群共处。 with the group. 111 00:09:32,833 --> 00:09:36,706 独立后的年轻雄性在森林中游荡， Once on their own, the young males roam the forest, 112 00:09:36,837 --> 00:09:39,840 期望有朝一日建立自己的小群体。 hoping to eventually form their own little group. 113 00:09:45,497 --> 00:09:51,199 1岁的马伦比前途未卜。 Malumbi is just 1 year old and faces an uncertain future. 114 00:09:51,329 --> 00:09:52,983 无人知晓卡玛亚还能 Nobody knows how long Kamaya 115 00:09:53,114 --> 00:09:56,334 领导或维持族群多久。 will be able to lead or maintain the group. 116 00:10:02,863 --> 00:10:04,647 后代的离去意味着 The departure of the offspring 117 00:10:04,778 --> 00:10:07,781 低地大猩猩群体比其近亲 means that lowland gorilla groups are smaller 118 00:10:07,911 --> 00:10:10,348 山地大猩猩的族群更小， and not as stable as those of their relatives, 119 00:10:10,479 --> 00:10:13,177 稳定性也更低。 the mountain gorillas. 120 00:10:13,308 --> 00:10:17,007 若卡玛亚离世，族群将分崩离析。 If Kamaya dies, the group will dissolve. 121 00:10:21,577 --> 00:10:23,623 低地大猩猩仅栖息于 Lowland gorillas are only found 122 00:10:23,753 --> 00:10:27,801 西非热带雨林。 in Western Africa's tropical rainforests. 123 00:10:27,931 --> 00:10:32,327 它们的栖息地由多种生态系统拼缀而成。 Their habitats consist of a mosaic of different ecosystems. 124 00:10:36,331 --> 00:10:39,900 卢安果国家公园水系纵横， The Loango National Park is shaped by water, 125 00:10:40,030 --> 00:10:44,600 数百平方英里的浅水潟湖遍布其间。 with shallow lagoons covering hundreds of square miles. 126 00:10:49,387 --> 00:10:53,435 森林岛屿被红树林、沼泽 The islands of forest are separated by mangroves, 127 00:10:53,565 --> 00:10:58,135 以及发源于远山、蜿蜒入海的 swamps, and rivers that spring from distant hills 128 00:10:58,266 --> 00:11:02,923 河流分隔。 and meander towards the Atlantic. 129 00:11:03,053 --> 00:11:08,189 河岸芦苇丛生、树木繁茂， The rivers are lined by reeds and many different trees, 130 00:11:08,319 --> 00:11:11,975 造就了变幻莫测的岸线景观。 which makes for shifting, unpredictable banks. 131 00:11:16,197 --> 00:11:19,853 而高出湿地数英尺的热带草原 In contrast, the savannas, which lie a few feet above 132 00:11:19,983 --> 00:11:25,206 至少在旱季能提供稳定环境。 the wetlands, offer stability-- during the dry season, at least. 133 00:11:30,820 --> 00:11:33,257 非洲森林水牛 African forest buffalos 134 00:11:33,388 --> 00:11:36,913 仅栖息于西非热带地区。 are only found in the tropics of Western Africa. 135 00:11:37,044 --> 00:11:40,308 体重约600磅的它们 Growing to weights of some 600 pounds, 136 00:11:40,438 --> 00:11:43,746 只有草原近亲的一半体重。 they're only half the weight of their savanna relatives. 137 00:11:46,749 --> 00:11:50,448 这些水牛栖息在雨林边缘地带 The buffalos inhabit the outer edges of the rainforest 138 00:11:50,579 --> 00:11:53,974 但大部分时间在草原活动。 but spend much of their time in the savannas. 139 00:11:57,020 --> 00:12:01,329 红河猪也在此觅食。 The red river hogs also graze here. 140 00:12:01,459 --> 00:12:03,200 它们无疑是 They are, without a doubt, 141 00:12:03,331 --> 00:12:06,769 猪科家族中最引人注目的成员之一。 one of the most striking members of the pig family. 142 00:12:10,207 --> 00:12:13,515 每个群体由约十二只组成 Each group consists of around a dozen animals, 143 00:12:13,645 --> 00:12:16,257 由雄性首领统率。 led by a male known as a boar. 144 00:12:19,260 --> 00:12:22,611 红顶白眉猴高翘尾巴 Tails held high, a group of red-capped mangabeys 145 00:12:22,742 --> 00:12:25,527 在草原上觅食游荡。 roam the grasslands looking for food. 146 00:12:30,967 --> 00:12:35,102 这些灵长类定居在大西洋沿岸的热带海岸林 These primates make their home in the tropical coastal forests 147 00:12:35,232 --> 00:12:38,496 它们群居生活 of the Atlantic, living in large groups 148 00:12:38,627 --> 00:12:41,108 穿梭于当地植被间 and working their way through the local plants, 149 00:12:41,238 --> 00:12:46,896 采食种子、嫩芽、根茎、树叶与菌类。 eating seeds, buds, roots, leaves, and fungi. 150 00:12:51,640 --> 00:12:55,122 森林象同样独具特色 The forest elephants are no less distinctive, 151 00:12:55,252 --> 00:12:57,689 只是体型更为庞大。 but a few sizes larger. 152 00:13:03,608 --> 00:13:06,524 长期作为科学争论的焦点 Long a subject of scientific debate, 153 00:13:06,655 --> 00:13:10,746 基因分析已确认非洲森林象 genetic analysis has determined that African forest elephants 154 00:13:10,877 --> 00:13:12,704 是独立物种。 are a distinct species. 155 00:13:14,968 --> 00:13:17,753 午后时分，象群聚集在草原 In the afternoon, families gather to feast 156 00:13:17,884 --> 00:13:21,583 享用青草盛宴。 on the grasses of the savanna. 157 00:13:21,713 --> 00:13:25,543 森林象比其近亲非洲草原象 Forest elephants are smaller than their regional relatives, 158 00:13:25,674 --> 00:13:28,459 体型更为娇小。 the African bush elephants. 159 00:13:28,590 --> 00:13:32,724 耳廓较小且象牙更直 Their ears are less prominent, and their tusks are straighter, 160 00:13:32,855 --> 00:13:34,596 这样在茂密丛林中 which prevents them from getting snagged 161 00:13:34,726 --> 00:13:37,512 不易被藤蔓缠绕。 in the dense forest undergrowth. 162 00:13:51,918 --> 00:13:55,356 大象与另一位丛林巨人为邻。 The elephants are neighbors to another jungle giant. 163 00:13:58,794 --> 00:14:01,014 低地大猩猩。 The lowland gorillas. 164 00:14:04,452 --> 00:14:05,932 清晨时分 Early in the morning, 165 00:14:06,062 --> 00:14:09,457 猩猩们离开树顶的睡榻 the gorillas leave their sleeping places in the treetops 166 00:14:09,587 --> 00:14:14,766 寻找最近的食物源。 and seek out the nearest source of food. 167 00:14:14,897 --> 00:14:18,640 虽不明确谁在引领队伍 It is not entirely clear who is leading the group, 168 00:14:18,770 --> 00:14:24,037 但母亲们总会带着幼崽殿后。 but the mothers bring up the rear with their offspring. 169 00:14:24,167 --> 00:14:26,604 幼猩猩生命最初两年 Baby gorillas travel on their mothers' backs 170 00:14:26,735 --> 00:14:29,738 都依附在母亲背上。 for the first two years of their lives. 171 00:14:29,869 --> 00:14:33,176 马伦比已懂得紧紧抓牢 Malumbi already knows how to hold on tight, 172 00:14:33,307 --> 00:14:36,179 新生儿却仍无能为力。 but the newborn is still helpless. 173 00:14:38,834 --> 00:14:42,664 早餐路程长短取决于季节。 The length of the breakfast journey depends on the season. 174 00:14:50,672 --> 00:14:53,675 新鲜树皮是美味佳肴 Fresh bark is a delicacy, 175 00:14:53,805 --> 00:14:58,201 即便剥离枝条需要极大耐心。 even if removing the strips from the branches requires patience. 176 00:15:02,989 --> 00:15:07,036 分量很少，难怪大猩猩每天 The portions are small, so it's hardly surprising that gorillas 177 00:15:07,167 --> 00:15:10,083 要花六小时进食。 spend six hours a day eating. 178 00:15:14,348 --> 00:15:18,700 新鲜多汁的植被取之不尽 There is no shortage of fresh, luscious vegetation, 179 00:15:18,830 --> 00:15:21,224 但猩猩们格外挑剔。 but gorillas are picky eaters. 180 00:15:21,355 --> 00:15:25,446 新鲜花朵最受青睐。 Fresh blossoms are in high demand. 181 00:15:25,576 --> 00:15:29,624 它们80%的可口零食都是水分 80% of their tasty snacks consist of water, 182 00:15:29,754 --> 00:15:32,801 因此很少需要饮水。 so gorillas rarely need to drink. 183 00:15:35,978 --> 00:15:39,286 我们对西部低地大猩猩的认知 Much of what we know about the western lowland gorillas 184 00:15:39,416 --> 00:15:42,115 多亏玛莎·罗宾斯团队 is thanks to Martha Robbins and her team, 185 00:15:42,245 --> 00:15:44,465 他们在丛林驻扎八年 who spent eight years in the jungle 186 00:15:44,595 --> 00:15:47,772 试图赢得这些害羞巨猿的信任。 attempting to win the trust of the shy apes. 187 00:15:47,903 --> 00:15:51,994 这需要耐心与毅力。 This took patience and perseverance. 188 00:15:52,125 --> 00:15:54,301 起初我常开玩笑说 In the beginning, I sort of joke, 189 00:15:54,431 --> 00:15:56,825 你只能看到猩猩的影子。 all you see are the shadows of gorillas. 190 00:15:56,956 --> 00:15:59,436 它们听见动静就会逃跑 They hear you coming, and they just flee. 191 00:15:59,567 --> 00:16:01,308 头也不回地逃走 They just-- they just run away. 192 00:16:01,438 --> 00:16:03,353 它们经常发出所谓"吠叫" They do a lot of what's called barking. 193 00:16:03,484 --> 00:16:05,225 那是它们的警报声 They're these alarm barks that they give. 194 00:16:06,443 --> 00:16:08,097 渐渐地 And then, gradually, over time, 195 00:16:08,228 --> 00:16:09,969 你可以稍微靠近些 you can get a little bit closer, 196 00:16:10,099 --> 00:16:11,927 它们也变得更宽容 and they become more tolerant. 197 00:16:12,058 --> 00:16:13,885 它们会当着你面爬树 They'll start climbing trees when you're present, 198 00:16:14,016 --> 00:16:15,539 这都没问题 and that's okay, 199 00:16:15,670 --> 00:16:18,890 最终它们会允许你同行 and then, eventually, they'll let you walk with them. 200 00:16:19,021 --> 00:16:21,502 那道无形的界限 And then it's almost like this invisible boundary 201 00:16:21,632 --> 00:16:26,463 会越来越短 between the gorillas and you gets shorter and shorter. 202 00:16:26,594 --> 00:16:30,424 很大程度上取决于银背的性格 A lot depends on kind of the disposition of the silverback. 203 00:16:30,554 --> 00:16:35,820 有些比其他的更随和宽容 Some are much more laid-back or tolerant than others, 204 00:16:35,951 --> 00:16:39,607 我们族群的卡玛亚 and so Kamaya, the silverback in our group, 205 00:16:39,737 --> 00:16:44,568 从一开始就非常镇定 he was quite calm from the very beginning. 206 00:16:44,699 --> 00:16:46,744 让猩猩族群适应人类 The process of acclimating the gorilla group 207 00:16:46,875 --> 00:16:51,619 花了五年时间 to humans took five years. 208 00:16:51,749 --> 00:16:55,362 当地追踪者功不可没 The local trackers were an essential part of the process. 209 00:16:59,888 --> 00:17:03,674 巴邦戈族人居住在加蓬腹地 The men from the Babongo people live in Waka, 210 00:17:03,805 --> 00:17:06,329 的瓦卡荒野 a wilderness at the heart of Gabon, 211 00:17:06,460 --> 00:17:10,029 距离卢安果国家公园三日路程 three days journey from the Loango National Park. 212 00:17:12,553 --> 00:17:15,817 这些人与家人在雨林长大 These men and their families grew up in the rainforests 213 00:17:15,947 --> 00:17:19,081 对大猩猩了如指掌 and are very familiar with the gorillas. 214 00:17:19,212 --> 00:17:22,911 追踪术是他们必备的生存技能 Tracking is an essential part of their education. 215 00:17:31,093 --> 00:17:36,229 这只猩猩以追踪者故乡命名为瓦卡 This gorilla is named after the men's home-- Waka. 216 00:17:36,359 --> 00:17:40,233 十岁的雄性发现了白蚁巢穴 The 10-year-old male has discovered a termite nest. 217 00:17:40,363 --> 00:17:42,235 有些猩猩会捕食昆虫 Some gorillas will eat insects, 218 00:17:42,365 --> 00:17:46,587 但瓦卡显然志不在此 but Waka is clearly not one of them. 219 00:17:46,717 --> 00:17:50,417 事实上，瓦卡对这些昆虫 In fact, Waka seems somewhat confused by the insects 220 00:17:50,547 --> 00:17:52,897 和它们的巢穴感到困惑 and their home and soon turns 221 00:17:53,028 --> 00:17:56,423 很快将注意力转回熟悉的树叶 his attention to the more familiar leaves. 222 00:18:04,518 --> 00:18:07,869 除偶尔捕食蚂蚁白蚁外 Apart from an occasional snack of ants or termites, 223 00:18:07,999 --> 00:18:11,002 大猩猩是纯粹的素食者 gorillas are vegetarians. 224 00:18:11,133 --> 00:18:13,527 年轻猩猩与成年雌性 Young gorillas and mature females 225 00:18:13,657 --> 00:18:17,270 每日消耗约30磅植被 eat around 30 pounds of vegetation a day. 226 00:18:17,400 --> 00:18:22,101 银背首领则高达55磅 Silverbacks manage an impressive 55 pounds a day. 227 00:18:33,982 --> 00:18:37,507 无花果和坚果等水果提供 Fruits, like figs and nuts, provide a large portion 228 00:18:37,638 --> 00:18:40,119 大部分所需维生素和营养 of the required vitamins and nutrients - 229 00:18:40,249 --> 00:18:43,861 但要获取它们需要些体力活动 but a little physical activity is necessary to reach them. 230 00:18:51,478 --> 00:18:55,046 莫克波抱着新生儿 Mokebo has clambered up a 60-foot-tall fig tree, 231 00:18:55,177 --> 00:18:58,398 攀上60英尺高的无花果树 clutching her newborn baby. 232 00:18:58,528 --> 00:19:01,183 这相当冒险 It is a risky undertaking. 233 00:19:01,314 --> 00:19:05,144 幼崽太小还无法安全抓牢母亲 The baby is still too small to hold on safely to its mother. 234 00:19:17,068 --> 00:19:21,247 出生一周后，幼崽皮肤 A week after its birth, the infant's skin is now covered 235 00:19:21,377 --> 00:19:23,640 已覆盖柔软绒毛 in a layer of soft fur. 236 00:19:35,783 --> 00:19:39,743 安比亚带着自己的孩子坐在附近 Ambia sits nearby with her own baby. 237 00:19:39,874 --> 00:19:43,878 好奇的马伦比试图摘取无花果 Malumbi is curious and tries to get at the figs, 238 00:19:44,008 --> 00:19:47,838 但诱人果实遥不可及 but the enticing fruits are a long way away. 239 00:19:55,585 --> 00:19:59,633 幼猩猩会密切观察母亲行为 Young gorillas pay close attention to their mothers 240 00:19:59,763 --> 00:20:03,071 随着年龄增长逐渐独立 but become increasingly independent as they grow. 241 00:20:13,516 --> 00:20:16,389 终于，无花果到手了 Finally, the fig is hers. 242 00:20:21,959 --> 00:20:24,397 约九个月大时 At around 9 months of age, 243 00:20:24,527 --> 00:20:27,922 它们开始尝试固体食物 they begin to experiment with solid foods. 244 00:20:28,052 --> 00:20:30,011 这可能是小猩猩生命中 This will be one of the first figs 245 00:20:30,141 --> 00:20:32,405 最早品尝的无花果之一 of the young gorilla's life. 246 00:20:39,281 --> 00:20:42,763 抓住一把毛发就能启程 A handful of fur and the journey can begin. 247 00:20:45,244 --> 00:20:48,159 对小马伦比来说 For little Malumbi, acrobatics like this 248 00:20:48,290 --> 00:20:50,988 这类杂技动作是家常便饭 are all in a day's work. 249 00:20:51,119 --> 00:20:53,643 而莫克波和新生儿 Mokebo and her newborn, on the other hand, 250 00:20:53,774 --> 00:20:57,865 仍需谨慎穿行树冠层 still have to navigate the treetops carefully. 251 00:20:57,995 --> 00:21:00,824 观察莫克波这一周照顾新生儿 Seeing Mokebo this first week with the newborn, 252 00:21:00,955 --> 00:21:03,566 她表现得非常出色 she's just been doing a wonderful job 253 00:21:03,697 --> 00:21:06,003 将幼崽照料得很好 taking care of the baby. 254 00:21:06,134 --> 00:21:09,006 想象带着新生儿 You know, the idea of climbing 30 meters up 255 00:21:09,137 --> 00:21:10,573 攀爬30米高树... with a brand-new baby... 256 00:21:10,704 --> 00:21:13,097 对人类而言 You know, in humans, we would-- 257 00:21:13,228 --> 00:21:14,882 这简直难以想象 You know, you would never think about doing that, 258 00:21:15,012 --> 00:21:16,362 但她需要进食 but she needs to eat, 259 00:21:16,492 --> 00:21:18,277 必须跟随群体行动 and needs to do what everybody else is doing. 260 00:21:18,407 --> 00:21:20,148 她会攀爬一段 But, you know, she'll climb a bit 261 00:21:20,279 --> 00:21:22,455 停下来调整姿势再继续 and then stop and readjust and keep going. 262 00:21:22,585 --> 00:21:25,458 是的，她们都是称职的母亲。 So, yeah, they are both good mothers. 263 00:21:30,332 --> 00:21:33,248 大猩猩天性温和 Gorillas are easygoing creatures, 264 00:21:33,379 --> 00:21:35,163 进食后常会在灌木丛中 often resting in the undergrowth 265 00:21:35,294 --> 00:21:37,774 休息两三个小时。 for two or three hours after eating. 266 00:21:46,783 --> 00:21:51,005 成年猩猩松散地躺卧着 The adults lie in a loose group a few feet from each other. 267 00:21:51,135 --> 00:21:54,574 而瓦卡另有打算 Waka, however, has other plans. 268 00:21:54,704 --> 00:21:59,318 是时候探访家族新成员了 It is time to investigate the new arrival to the family. 269 00:22:18,641 --> 00:22:21,992 我们与这些动物的情感联结 Our emotional connection to these animals can be explained 270 00:22:22,123 --> 00:22:25,300 可以用冰冷的数据解释 using cold, hard facts-- 271 00:22:25,431 --> 00:22:32,176 人类与大猩猩的基因差异仅有1.8% humans and gorillas differ in just 1.8% of our genetic makeup. 272 00:22:38,835 --> 00:22:41,577 一岁马伦比的行为 The behavior of 1-year-old Malumbi 273 00:22:41,708 --> 00:22:45,015 会让许多人类父母倍感熟悉 will appear familiar to many human parents. 274 00:23:36,110 --> 00:23:40,506 最终安比亚受够了幼崽的调皮 Eventually, Ambia has had enough of her toddler's antics 275 00:23:40,636 --> 00:23:45,249 温柔而坚定地让这只顽皮的小猩猩安静下来 and gently but firmly makes the playful young gorilla calm down. 276 00:23:49,210 --> 00:23:51,299 宁静未能持续 The peace doesn't last. 277 00:23:51,430 --> 00:23:54,345 很快瓦卡和奥韦格利 Before long, Waka and Owegely are engaged 278 00:23:54,476 --> 00:23:56,260 就开始了活力四射的游戏 in an energetic game. 279 00:24:03,180 --> 00:24:07,533 低地大猩猩拥有广阔的活动空间 Lowland gorillas have a lot of space at their disposal. 280 00:24:07,663 --> 00:24:11,101 它们的栖息地覆盖西非五国 Their habitat covers five Western African countries 281 00:24:11,232 --> 00:24:14,801 约37万平方英里 and around 370,000 square miles, 282 00:24:14,931 --> 00:24:17,978 超过法国国土面积 more than the surface area of France. 283 00:24:35,038 --> 00:24:37,780 森林看似广袤无垠 The forest feels vast, 284 00:24:37,911 --> 00:24:42,002 但加蓬等地的保护区正在缩减 but protected areas, like these in Gabon, are receding. 285 00:24:55,189 --> 00:24:58,975 幼猩猩大部分时间都在睡觉 The baby gorillas spend a lot of time sleeping. 286 00:24:59,106 --> 00:25:03,414 这段宁静的幼年期也危机四伏 It is a peaceful but also a dangerous early life. 287 00:25:03,545 --> 00:25:06,200 许多幼崽因疾病或受伤 Many gorilla babies die at a young age 288 00:25:06,330 --> 00:25:09,943 早年夭折 as a result of disease or injury. 289 00:25:10,073 --> 00:25:13,860 出生后头六个月 For their first six months, they are entirely dependent 290 00:25:13,990 --> 00:25:16,515 它们完全依赖母乳存活 on their mother's milk for survival. 291 00:25:21,215 --> 00:25:25,828 森林象与大猩猩共享领地 The forest elephants inhabit the same territory as the gorillas, 292 00:25:25,959 --> 00:25:31,181 但许多象群午后会冒险进入草原 but many venture out into the savannas in the afternoon. 293 00:25:31,312 --> 00:25:33,836 它们聚集食草 They congregate to eat grass 294 00:25:33,967 --> 00:25:36,839 也借此维系社交联系 but also to maintain social contact 295 00:25:36,970 --> 00:25:39,886 与其他终生散居在密林中 with other elephants that spend much of their lives 296 00:25:40,016 --> 00:25:42,932 的同类保持接触 scattered throughout the dense forests. 297 00:25:49,373 --> 00:25:52,507 加蓬国家公园是大猩猩和大象 Gabon's national parks are important refuges 298 00:25:52,638 --> 00:25:55,684 的重要庇护所 for both the gorillas and the elephants. 299 00:25:55,815 --> 00:25:57,991 从刚果到喀麦隆 From Congo to Cameroon, 300 00:25:58,121 --> 00:26:02,473 每年有数千动物死于盗猎者之手 thousands of animals are killed each year by poachers. 301 00:26:02,604 --> 00:26:05,302 但在加蓬 In Gabon, however, the elephants are protected 302 00:26:05,433 --> 00:26:09,132 大象受到军事化训练人员的保护 by military-trained personnel as part of an elaborate 303 00:26:09,263 --> 00:26:12,832 这是卓有成效的保护计划 and extremely successful conservation effort. 304 00:26:18,838 --> 00:26:21,057 最新普查显示 According to a recent census, 305 00:26:21,188 --> 00:26:25,671 该国栖息着9.5万头森林象 the country is home to 95,000 forest elephants - 306 00:26:25,801 --> 00:26:29,326 占全球总量的三分之二 two thirds of all the forest elephants in the world. 307 00:26:33,026 --> 00:26:35,681 它们濒临灭绝 They are threatened by extinction, 308 00:26:35,811 --> 00:26:39,467 加蓬是最后的避风港 and Gabon is their last island of safety. 309 00:26:39,598 --> 00:26:42,339 该国面积接近意大利 The country is almost as large as Italy 310 00:26:42,470 --> 00:26:45,081 但人口稀少 but only thinly populated. 311 00:26:45,212 --> 00:26:49,390 90%的国土被雨林覆盖 90% of its surface area is covered by rainforests. 312 00:26:53,960 --> 00:26:57,093 象群沿着自行开辟的 The elephants roam the jungle along a network of paths 313 00:26:57,224 --> 00:26:59,356 林间小径漫步 they have carved through the trees, 314 00:26:59,487 --> 00:27:02,446 追随食物分布而迁徙 always following the availability of food. 315 00:27:05,449 --> 00:27:08,278 它们消耗数百磅植被 They consume hundreds of pounds of vegetation 316 00:27:08,409 --> 00:27:12,543 及大量水果 and large amounts of fruit. 317 00:27:12,674 --> 00:27:15,721 这对雨林有益 This has a beneficial effect on the rainforest, 318 00:27:15,851 --> 00:27:18,854 能帮助果树传播种子 as they help to spread the seeds of the fruit trees. 319 00:27:21,552 --> 00:27:26,253 大象是当地生态的关键环节 The elephants are an essential part of the local ecosystem. 320 00:27:26,383 --> 00:27:28,647 但对偏远村庄的居民 But they can pose a threat to the humans 321 00:27:28,777 --> 00:27:32,868 可能构成威胁 who live in the remote villages here. 322 00:27:32,999 --> 00:27:36,089 人们常在森林遭遇袭击 People are frequently attacked in the forest, 323 00:27:36,219 --> 00:27:37,525 森林象偶尔 and forest elephants 324 00:27:37,656 --> 00:27:40,920 会摧毁整片种植园 will occasionally destroy entire plantations. 325 00:27:43,531 --> 00:27:46,795 这对村民可能是致命的 This can prove fatal for local villagers, 326 00:27:46,926 --> 00:27:50,669 马克斯·普朗克团队成员埃米尔解释道 as Emile, a member of the Max Planck team, explains. 327 00:27:55,891 --> 00:27:57,763 大象的行为 The behavior of the elephants 328 00:27:57,893 --> 00:28:02,376 和我们村民的生活都改变了 and the life of the people in our villages changed. 329 00:28:02,506 --> 00:28:05,205 过去大象远离人居 Before, the elephants were far away, 330 00:28:05,335 --> 00:28:09,078 如今它们紧邻村庄 but, today, we have them really close to our villages, 331 00:28:09,209 --> 00:28:11,777 因为现在受到公园保护 because now they are more protected by the Park. 332 00:28:15,563 --> 00:28:18,609 它们来吃我们种的庄稼 They come to eat the food we plant in our lands. 333 00:28:18,740 --> 00:28:21,351 夜间偷食香蕉等作物 They eat plants like bananas during the night, 334 00:28:21,482 --> 00:28:23,136 次日清晨我们出门 and when we go out the next morning, 335 00:28:23,266 --> 00:28:25,486 发现已被洗劫一空 we find that they already ate everything. 336 00:28:28,315 --> 00:28:30,534 但我们无能为力 But there's nothing we can do. 337 00:28:30,665 --> 00:28:32,754 只能眼睁睁看着 We can just look at them. 338 00:28:47,551 --> 00:28:51,425 埃米尔和瓦卡来的伙伴们 Emile and his friends from Waka share a camp with the biologists 339 00:28:51,555 --> 00:28:53,993 与生物学家共居猩猩领地核心区 at the heart of the gorilla territory. 340 00:29:04,220 --> 00:29:06,396 尽管工作日复一日艰辛漫长 Though work days are long and arduous, 341 00:29:06,527 --> 00:29:08,050 他们仍会抽出精力 there can still be time and energy 342 00:29:08,181 --> 00:29:10,749 进行友谊赛 for some friendly competition. 343 00:29:10,879 --> 00:29:13,926 在这种偏远地带 And camaraderie is important to everyone's well-being 344 00:29:14,056 --> 00:29:16,406 情谊对每个人都至关重要 in such a remote place. 345 00:29:20,671 --> 00:29:23,631 营地是丛林前哨站 The camp is a jungle outpost, 346 00:29:23,762 --> 00:29:27,722 没有浴室和自来水 without a bathroom or running water, 347 00:29:27,853 --> 00:29:29,158 但来自全球的学生 but it's home to students 348 00:29:29,289 --> 00:29:32,118 与追踪者在此共同记录 from all over the world who work with the trackers 349 00:29:32,248 --> 00:29:36,078 猩猩及其森林邻居的 to document every moment of the gorillas' lives 350 00:29:36,209 --> 00:29:39,516 每个生命瞬间 and the lives of those they share the forest with. 351 00:29:42,476 --> 00:29:45,261 摄像陷阱是团队研究 Video-camera traps are an important tool 352 00:29:45,392 --> 00:29:48,395 的重要工具 for the team's research efforts. 353 00:29:55,489 --> 00:29:59,232 但全球被研究最深入的大猩猩 But the most studied and documented gorillas in the world 354 00:29:59,362 --> 00:30:03,453 生活在加蓬研究站以东1200英里处 live some 1,200 miles east of the research site in Gabon. 355 00:30:05,760 --> 00:30:10,025 维龙加山脉横跨卢旺达 The Virunga Mountains are in the border regions between Rwanda, 356 00:30:10,156 --> 00:30:14,160 刚果民主共和国和乌干达 the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Uganda, 357 00:30:14,290 --> 00:30:17,816 是山地大猩猩的家园 and they are home to mountain gorillas. 358 00:30:20,383 --> 00:30:22,777 山地大猩猩与低地大猩猩的差异 The differences between these mountain gorillas 359 00:30:22,908 --> 00:30:24,605 是玛莎·罗宾斯研究的 and the lowland gorillas 360 00:30:24,735 --> 00:30:29,175 核心课题之一 are one of the central aspects of Martha Robbins' work. 361 00:30:29,305 --> 00:30:32,352 山地大猩猩生活在海拔两三千米处 Mountain gorillas live at 2,000 meters, 3,000 meters. 362 00:30:32,482 --> 00:30:35,137 拥有厚实皮毛 They have very warm coats. 363 00:30:35,268 --> 00:30:38,010 肉眼可见更浓密的毛发 You just look at them, and they have a lot more hair. 364 00:30:38,140 --> 00:30:40,708 山地大猩猩在此会热得难受 A mountain gorilla would be so hot here. 365 00:30:40,839 --> 00:30:43,363 会非常非常不适 It would be very, very uncomfortable. 366 00:30:48,368 --> 00:30:50,544 与维龙加山脉不同 Unlike in the Virunga Mountains, 367 00:30:50,674 --> 00:30:53,112 低地大猩猩的主要食物 much of the food the lowland gorillas eat 368 00:30:53,242 --> 00:30:55,679 都在树冠层 is found in the treetops-- 369 00:30:55,810 --> 00:30:59,335 树叶、果实、嫩芽与花朵 leaves, fruit, buds, and blossoms. 370 00:30:59,466 --> 00:31:01,772 因此低地大猩猩 As a result, the lowland gorillas 371 00:31:01,903 --> 00:31:05,341 比山地近亲更擅长攀爬 are much better climbers than their mountain relatives. 372 00:31:10,303 --> 00:31:13,523 这是进化奇迹 It is an evolutionary marvel. 373 00:31:13,654 --> 00:31:16,962 重达330磅的大猩猩 Gorillas weighing up to 330 pounds 374 00:31:17,092 --> 00:31:21,357 竟能自如生活在令人眩晕的高处 have mastered living and foraging at dizzying heights. 375 00:31:32,586 --> 00:31:35,371 马克斯·普朗克研究所的专家们 The experts from the Max Planck Institute 376 00:31:35,502 --> 00:31:39,375 能深入比较两个物种 are able to compare the two gorilla species very closely, 377 00:31:39,506 --> 00:31:42,639 他们还在乌干达布温迪密林国家公园 as they have also spent decades studying mountain gorillas 378 00:31:42,770 --> 00:31:48,210 研究山地大猩猩数十年 in Uganda's Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. 379 00:31:48,341 --> 00:31:51,648 山地大猩猩攀爬较少 Mountain gorillas climb some, but less. 380 00:31:51,779 --> 00:31:54,738 在布温迪约是低地猩猩的一半 Like, in Bwindi, they climb about half that, 381 00:31:54,869 --> 00:31:58,264 灵巧性也稍逊 and they're not quite as agile as the western gorillas are. 382 00:31:58,394 --> 00:32:00,440 手足形态可能存在差异 There might be some morphological differences 383 00:32:00,570 --> 00:32:01,876 与攀爬能力相关 in their hands and feet 384 00:32:02,007 --> 00:32:04,270 但这仍有待发现 that are related to this difference in climbing, 385 00:32:04,400 --> 00:32:08,274 但还需进一步研究 but we still have to discover that. 386 00:32:08,404 --> 00:32:11,233 很快就能发现山地大猩猩 It soon becomes evident that mountain gorillas 387 00:32:11,364 --> 00:32:14,628 步伐不够稳健 are not particularly sure-footed. 388 00:32:25,944 --> 00:32:28,120 沉重的银背尤其容易 The heavy silverbacks, in particular, 389 00:32:28,250 --> 00:32:31,950 失足坠落而致命 are prone to falling, which can prove fatal. 390 00:32:40,132 --> 00:32:43,091 年轻山地大猩猩下树时 As they descend, young mountain gorillas 391 00:32:43,222 --> 00:32:47,530 活像马戏团的杂技演员 bear a certain resemblance to acrobats in a circus-- 392 00:32:47,661 --> 00:32:50,229 或者说滑稽小丑 or maybe to clowns. 393 00:33:22,522 --> 00:33:25,786 山地大猩猩的栖息地 The habitat of the mountain gorillas is very different 394 00:33:25,916 --> 00:33:28,484 与加蓬雨林截然不同 from the rainforests of Gabon. 395 00:33:28,615 --> 00:33:32,358 乌干达的丛林生长在陡峭山坡上 Here in Uganda, the jungle grows on steep slopes. 396 00:33:32,488 --> 00:33:35,187 这里旱季界限分明 There are clearly defined dry seasons 397 00:33:35,317 --> 00:33:38,494 遍布草原而非沼泽 and large meadows rather than swamps. 398 00:33:40,888 --> 00:33:43,804 生物学家研究两个物种 The biologists have studied both species 399 00:33:43,934 --> 00:33:48,243 测算它们觅食的能量消耗 to determine how much energy they expend on finding food. 400 00:33:48,374 --> 00:33:51,507 山地大猩猩生活更悠闲 Mountain gorillas have a more leisurely life. 401 00:33:51,638 --> 00:33:54,815 食物更易获取 Their food is easier to access. 402 00:33:54,945 --> 00:33:57,600 这直接导致 This has direct consequences. 403 00:33:57,731 --> 00:34:00,212 山地大猩猩性成熟更早 The mountain gorillas become sexually mature 404 00:34:00,342 --> 00:34:04,390 繁殖率更高 at an earlier age and produce more offspring. 405 00:34:04,520 --> 00:34:08,698 死亡率也更低 Death rates among mountain gorillas are lower. 406 00:34:08,829 --> 00:34:12,398 社交方式也迥然不同 The social lives of the mountain gorillas are also different. 407 00:34:12,528 --> 00:34:14,400 银背会容忍其他雄性 Silverbacks will tolerate the presence 408 00:34:14,530 --> 00:34:16,576 留在族群 of other males in their groups, 409 00:34:16,706 --> 00:34:19,883 肢体接触更频繁 and physical contact is more common. 410 00:34:26,629 --> 00:34:29,328 众所周知山地大猩猩喜欢群聚 Mountain gorillas are known to kind of come together. 411 00:34:29,458 --> 00:34:31,460 进食几小时后就会聚拢 After feeding for a few hours, they come together 412 00:34:31,591 --> 00:34:34,115 互相梳毛整理 and form these huddles, and they'll groom each other, 413 00:34:34,246 --> 00:34:36,378 幼崽们嬉戏玩耍 and there'll be lots of kids playing. 414 00:34:46,736 --> 00:34:49,304 西部大猩猩则堪称 With western gorillas, they kind of master-- 415 00:34:49,435 --> 00:34:52,438 "社交距离"大师 they're the masters of social distancing. 416 00:34:52,568 --> 00:34:54,266 母亲与幼崽互动密切 The mothers are very social with their kids. 417 00:34:54,396 --> 00:34:56,659 会为幼崽梳毛 They groom their kids. 418 00:34:56,790 --> 00:35:00,098 青少年猩猩也会玩耍 The juveniles and the infants play with each other, 419 00:35:00,228 --> 00:35:02,578 但成年猩猩几乎 but the adults really aren't-- 420 00:35:02,709 --> 00:35:06,321 不进行社交互动 they don't interact with each other. 421 00:35:06,452 --> 00:35:09,890 当山地近亲群聚时 While their mountain cousins will often huddle together, 422 00:35:10,020 --> 00:35:12,675 低地大猩猩休息时 the lowland gorillas prefer to keep their distance 423 00:35:12,806 --> 00:35:14,242 偏好保持距离 while resting. 424 00:35:21,815 --> 00:35:24,861 卢安果国家公园的海岸线 The coastline of the Loango National Park 425 00:35:24,992 --> 00:35:27,777 是非洲热带地区最后 is one of the last apparently untouched beaches 426 00:35:27,908 --> 00:35:29,910 未被破坏的海滩之一 in the African tropics. 427 00:35:30,040 --> 00:35:34,132 天然水道分隔海洋与森林 A natural watercourse separates the sea from the forest 428 00:35:34,262 --> 00:35:37,961 是大象钟爱的去处 and is a popular destination for the local elephants. 429 00:35:44,664 --> 00:35:48,363 厚皮动物们从这里 From here, the pachyderms enjoy a leisurely stroll 430 00:35:48,494 --> 00:35:50,322 悠闲漫步至海滩 down to the beach. 431 00:36:05,337 --> 00:36:07,991 它们从容不迫 There is no hurry. 432 00:36:08,122 --> 00:36:13,432 这种慢节奏其实大有深意 In fact, the slow pace serves an important purpose. 433 00:36:13,562 --> 00:36:17,610 盐水有助于驱除烦人的寄生虫 The salty water helps to remove annoying parasites. 434 00:36:26,314 --> 00:36:30,362 独行象通常都是成年雄象 As a rule, solitary elephants like this are bulls, 435 00:36:30,492 --> 00:36:34,148 成熟后便会离群索居 who leave their families behind once they mature. 436 00:36:43,244 --> 00:36:46,334 象群由雌象及其后代组成 The groups consist of cows and their offspring. 437 00:36:51,296 --> 00:36:53,254 傍晚时分 In the late afternoon, 438 00:36:53,385 --> 00:36:56,170 数百头来自草原和森林的大象 the beach fills up with hundreds of elephants 439 00:36:56,301 --> 00:37:00,392 聚集海滩觅食 that come from the savannas and forests to eat. 440 00:37:00,522 --> 00:37:03,482 眼周白色分泌物是 The white secretion around the eyes is a sign 441 00:37:03,612 --> 00:37:09,401 卢安果常见传染病的征兆 of a contagious disease that is common in Loango. 442 00:37:09,531 --> 00:37:12,099 许多大象来此吞食沙土 Many elephants come here to eat the sand, 443 00:37:12,230 --> 00:37:14,884 获取珍贵矿物质 which provides valuable minerals. 444 00:37:28,376 --> 00:37:31,727 力量展示可能是嬉戏 Displays of strength can be playful-- 445 00:37:31,858 --> 00:37:34,730 也可能是 distress 信号 or a sign of distress. 446 00:37:34,861 --> 00:37:38,212 森林象天性害羞 Forest elephants are shy animals. 447 00:37:38,343 --> 00:37:40,606 即使最谨慎的摄影师 Even a careful cinematographer 448 00:37:40,736 --> 00:37:43,870 有时也会越过安全距离 can sometimes be too close for comfort. 449 00:38:01,931 --> 00:38:05,718 下一阶段是佯攻 The next defensive stage is a feinted attack. 450 00:38:17,207 --> 00:38:19,601 威胁行为通常足以 The threatening behavior is usually enough 451 00:38:19,732 --> 00:38:21,908 吓退潜在威胁 to see off a potential threat. 452 00:38:22,038 --> 00:38:25,607 否则可能引发真实攻击 If not, the elephant may really attack. 453 00:38:43,712 --> 00:38:48,108 这次大象幸运地选择了撤退 This time, fortunately, the elephant decides to retreat. 454 00:38:59,902 --> 00:39:03,776 非洲森林水牛抵达海岸 The African forest buffalos arrive at the coast. 455 00:39:09,347 --> 00:39:12,480 在牛背鹭群陪伴下 Accompanied by a flock of cattle egrets, 456 00:39:12,611 --> 00:39:15,396 水牛们埋头吃草 the buffalos tuck in to the grass. 457 00:39:15,527 --> 00:39:18,747 靠近大西洋的植被 Close to the Atlantic, the vegetation is softer 458 00:39:18,878 --> 00:39:22,360 比内陆更柔软营养 and more nutritious than the inland varieties. 459 00:39:25,885 --> 00:39:30,759 成年雄性森林水牛会留在族群 Mature male forest buffalos will remain part of the herd. 460 00:39:30,890 --> 00:39:33,501 而年轻雄性非洲水牛 Young male African buffalos, on the other hand, 461 00:39:33,632 --> 00:39:35,982 会组成单身汉群体 form gangs of bachelors. 462 00:39:39,725 --> 00:39:44,904 海岸荒野绵延至卢安果国家公园以外 The coastal wilderness stretches far beyond Loango National Park, 463 00:39:45,034 --> 00:39:49,778 最终延伸至刚果南部 eventually reaching Southern Congo. 464 00:39:49,909 --> 00:39:53,695 数百英里没有道路与人烟 For hundreds of miles, there are no roads or settlements. 465 00:40:04,140 --> 00:40:09,624 即便如此 塑料污染仍是问题 And yet, even here, plastic waste is a problem. 466 00:40:16,675 --> 00:40:20,505 垃圾带与曾经纯净的海岸线 The strip of refuse is as long as the once-pristine 467 00:40:20,635 --> 00:40:22,463 等长 beach itself. 468 00:40:28,034 --> 00:40:30,776 整个大西洋沿岸 All along the Atlantic coast, 469 00:40:30,906 --> 00:40:35,433 多国河流将垃圾带入海洋 trash is carried into the sea by rivers from many countries. 470 00:40:35,563 --> 00:40:41,656 大量垃圾又被冲上加蓬海岸 Much of it is then washed back up onto dry land here in Gabon. 471 00:40:41,787 --> 00:40:46,748 涨潮时垃圾堆积在沙滩高地 At high tide, the waste collects on elevated sections of beach, 472 00:40:46,879 --> 00:40:51,623 形成60英尺宽的塑料浮木带 creating a strip of plastic and driftwood 60-feet wide. 473 00:40:55,104 --> 00:40:57,846 森林水牛和大象 Forest buffalos and forest elephants 474 00:40:57,977 --> 00:41:01,546 深陷垃圾沼泽 find themselves up to their knees in garbage. 475 00:41:01,676 --> 00:41:05,898 卢安果海滩已成为人类漠视 Loango Beach has become a symbol of human carelessness 476 00:41:06,028 --> 00:41:08,161 与环境污染的象征 and environmental pollution. 477 00:41:10,598 --> 00:41:13,819 所幸大象很聪明 Fortunately, the elephants are clever 478 00:41:13,949 --> 00:41:17,649 在搜寻海草等植物时 and avoid eating the plastic as they search the patch of land 479 00:41:17,779 --> 00:41:20,434 会避开塑料垃圾 for seagrass and other plants. 480 00:41:24,917 --> 00:41:30,139 仅向内陆行进数英尺 塑料便消失无踪 Just a few feet farther inland, plastic trash vanishes. 481 00:41:33,186 --> 00:41:37,016 幼象仅出生数周 The young elephant is just a few weeks old. 482 00:41:37,146 --> 00:41:40,672 如所有婴儿般需要充足休息 Like all babies, it needs sufficient rest. 483 00:41:55,817 --> 00:41:58,646 与大象不同 大猩猩很少 Unlike the elephants, the gorillas rarely venture 484 00:41:58,777 --> 00:42:00,909 涉足海岸 all the way to the coast, 485 00:42:01,040 --> 00:42:04,260 因食物与遮蔽物不足 as it provides insufficient food and shelter. 486 00:42:04,391 --> 00:42:08,569 但它们喜欢潟湖岸边 However, they do enjoy the shores of the lagoon. 487 00:42:11,311 --> 00:42:15,489 这里有雨林罕见的开阔地 They are home to the few open clearings in the rainforest, 488 00:42:15,620 --> 00:42:18,405 是国家公园建立时 the former sites of settlements that were cleared 489 00:42:18,536 --> 00:42:21,234 清理的聚居点遗迹 when the national park was established. 490 00:42:27,196 --> 00:42:30,330 自然正用灌木丛 Nature is now reclaiming the clearings 491 00:42:30,460 --> 00:42:35,117 和嫩叶新枝收复失地 with bushes and young trees with soft, fresh leaves. 492 00:42:39,992 --> 00:42:43,865 猩猩幼崽出生已过数周 Several weeks have passed since the birth of the baby gorilla. 493 00:42:48,174 --> 00:42:50,872 它进步明显 He is clearly making progress, 494 00:42:51,003 --> 00:42:53,571 其他年轻成员也是 as are the other young primates. 495 00:42:57,313 --> 00:43:00,752 马伦比首次离开母亲 Malumbi takes his first steps away from his mother 496 00:43:00,882 --> 00:43:04,451 在距地面50英尺处探索 50 feet above the forest floor. 497 00:43:07,236 --> 00:43:10,065 安比亚的担忧情有可原 Ambia is understandably concerned 498 00:43:10,196 --> 00:43:13,068 伸臂作为支撑 and holds out her arm as support. 499 00:43:19,422 --> 00:43:23,252 熟能生巧 Practice will eventually make perfect. 500 00:43:28,606 --> 00:43:32,261 勇敢的小猩猩安全返回 The brave young gorilla returns to safety. 501 00:43:45,100 --> 00:43:47,755 家族新成员还需时日 It will take some time before the newest member 502 00:43:47,886 --> 00:43:51,672 才能尝试类似冒险 of the family group will attempt anything like that. 503 00:43:54,632 --> 00:43:59,027 这个年龄的幼崽抬头都很吃力 At this age, the young gorilla struggles to keep his head up. 504 00:43:59,158 --> 00:44:02,161 但它正在稳步进步 Slowly but surely, he's getting there, 505 00:44:02,291 --> 00:44:05,120 至少能坚持几秒钟 for a few seconds at a time, at least. 506 00:44:19,744 --> 00:44:23,617 幼崽至今尚未命名 So far, the baby remains unnamed. 507 00:44:23,748 --> 00:44:25,837 命名权通常属于 The honor of naming the gorillas 508 00:44:25,967 --> 00:44:29,449 瓦卡来的当地追踪者 is usually given to the local trackers from Waka. 509 00:44:29,579 --> 00:44:33,018 但他们会等待确认 However, the men wait for some time to make sure 510 00:44:33,148 --> 00:44:36,586 幼崽健康存活 that the baby is healthy and likely to survive. 511 00:44:42,549 --> 00:44:45,291 命名时刻终于到来 Finally, the moment arrives. 512 00:44:45,421 --> 00:44:48,163 阿塔南加族群的新成员 The youngest member of the Atananga group of gorillas 513 00:44:48,294 --> 00:44:51,210 被命名为埃楚楚库 is named Etshutshuku, 514 00:44:51,340 --> 00:44:54,779 意为"意外之喜" which translates roughly as "The Surprise." 515 00:45:05,093 --> 00:45:08,575 赤道地区夜幕早临 Darkness falls early along the equator. 516 00:45:08,706 --> 00:45:12,579 傍晚六点便不见日光 By 6:00 p.m., the sun has disappeared. 517 00:45:12,710 --> 00:45:16,365 是时候庆祝新成员加入 It's time to celebrate the new baby gorilla. 518 00:45:19,281 --> 00:45:23,285 在加蓬 尤其是巴邦戈族人中 In Gabon, and particularly among the Babongo people, 519 00:45:23,416 --> 00:45:27,812 音乐是庆典的灵魂 music is an essential part of any celebration. 520 00:45:27,942 --> 00:45:30,249 他们弹奏传统弦乐器 It's played on a traditional stringed instrument 521 00:45:30,379 --> 00:45:32,642 "乐弓" known as a musical bow. 522 00:45:44,306 --> 00:45:48,397 随后 一首赞颂老银背卡玛亚 Then, a song that celebrates the old silverback Kamaya 523 00:45:48,528 --> 00:45:50,878 及其壮大族群的歌谣响起 and his growing family. 524 00:46:50,808 --> 00:46:52,766 一年后 One year later, 525 00:46:52,897 --> 00:46:58,076 三月初 第一场雨季来临 at the beginning of March, the first rains begin to fall. 526 00:47:00,818 --> 00:47:04,386 阿塔南加族群在森林中游荡 The Atananga group roams the forest. 527 00:47:04,517 --> 00:47:06,040 某处应有 And, somewhere, 528 00:47:06,171 --> 00:47:09,130 两只幼猩猩在嬉戏 two young gorillas should be playing together. 529 00:47:12,612 --> 00:47:15,180 马伦比明显长大了 Malumbi has grown significantly. 530 00:47:15,310 --> 00:47:17,443 它仍紧跟着母亲 He remains closely attached to his mother 531 00:47:17,573 --> 00:47:20,011 但行动灵活得多 but is now far more mobile. 532 00:47:20,141 --> 00:47:22,927 埃楚楚库如今该满周岁了 Etshutshuku will be 1 year old now-- 533 00:47:23,057 --> 00:47:24,842 如果它存活下来的话 if he has survived. 534 00:47:28,280 --> 00:47:29,890 它活下来了 He has. 535 00:47:57,091 --> 00:48:01,313 这只幼崽已成为马伦比最爱的玩伴 The baby gorilla is now Malumbi's favorite companion, 536 00:48:01,443 --> 00:48:03,706 不管对方是否情愿 whether he likes it or not. 537 00:48:09,669 --> 00:48:12,498 马伦比总能轻松赢得打闹 Malumbi wins every play fight easily, 538 00:48:12,628 --> 00:48:15,196 但小对手似乎毫不介意 but this doesn't seem to bother his little opponent. 539 00:48:29,167 --> 00:48:31,212 最新估算表明 Recent estimates suggest 540 00:48:31,343 --> 00:48:35,434 约30万西部低地大猩猩 that around 300,000 western lowland gorillas 541 00:48:35,564 --> 00:48:39,917 栖息在非洲雨林 are surviving in Africa's rainforests. 542 00:48:40,047 --> 00:48:42,745 而在维龙加山脉和乌干达 In the Virunga Mountains and in Uganda, 543 00:48:42,876 --> 00:48:44,834 山地大猩猩的家园 the home of the mountain gorillas, 544 00:48:44,965 --> 00:48:47,533 数量截然不同 the numbers are significantly different. 545 00:48:50,623 --> 00:48:56,324 全球总数仅略超1000只 The entire world population is little more than 1,000. 546 00:48:56,455 --> 00:48:58,544 山地大猩猩仅存于两处小型栖息地 With mountain gorillas, where there's only a thousand 547 00:48:58,674 --> 00:48:59,806 总数不过千只 in two small habitats, 548 00:48:59,937 --> 00:49:02,591 人们很容易理解 it's very easy for people to understand 549 00:49:02,722 --> 00:49:07,205 这是危急状况 需要高度重视 that's a critical situation, and they require a lot of attention. 550 00:49:07,335 --> 00:49:09,076 而山地大猩猩数量 And the fact that the number of mountain gorillas 551 00:49:09,207 --> 00:49:11,600 在过去几十年翻倍 has doubled in decades-- in the past few decades-- 552 00:49:11,731 --> 00:49:13,646 堪称奇迹 反观此地 is amazing, whereas here, 553 00:49:13,776 --> 00:49:15,909 数十万西部大猩猩 we have a few hundred thousand of them 554 00:49:16,040 --> 00:49:17,867 散布在广袤地域 over a massive landscape. 555 00:49:17,998 --> 00:49:19,826 导致许多人会不以为然 so I think, for a lot of people, it's easy to say, 556 00:49:19,957 --> 00:49:23,264 觉得"这有什么问题" you know, "Well, what's the problem?" 557 00:49:23,395 --> 00:49:25,701 问题在于大量西部低地大猩猩 The problem is that a large number 558 00:49:25,832 --> 00:49:31,142 生活在保护区外 of the western lowland gorillas live outside conservation areas, 559 00:49:31,272 --> 00:49:34,623 面临盗猎威胁 where they are hunted and their natural habitat, 560 00:49:34,754 --> 00:49:37,017 雨林家园正不断萎缩 the rainforest, is shrinking. 561 00:49:39,411 --> 00:49:42,240 估计年递减率 It's estimated that there is an annual decline 562 00:49:42,370 --> 00:49:45,286 达3% of 3% per year. 563 00:49:45,417 --> 00:49:47,332 试想若有某项投资 And imagine you had an investment 564 00:49:47,462 --> 00:49:49,943 每年贬值3% that was declining by 3%, 565 00:49:50,074 --> 00:49:53,860 银行账户每年缩水3% you had a bank account that, every year, you lost 3%. 566 00:49:53,991 --> 00:49:55,644 你肯定会更换银行 You would probably change a bank. 567 00:49:55,775 --> 00:49:57,124 对吧？ You know? 568 00:49:57,255 --> 00:49:58,560 这绝非好事 That's not a good deal. 569 00:49:58,691 --> 00:50:02,216 这意味着三十年内 And so it could mean that, in three decades-- 570 00:50:02,347 --> 00:50:04,784 在我们有生之年 you know, so while all of us are still alive-- 571 00:50:04,914 --> 00:50:07,961 可能仅剩数千只存活 we could have literally only a few thousand left. 572 00:50:15,490 --> 00:50:20,321 在加蓬看似无垠的丛林深处 In the depths of the apparently never-ending jungles of Gabon, 573 00:50:20,452 --> 00:50:23,890 很难相信这些猩猩濒危 it is hard to believe that these gorillas are in danger. 574 00:50:27,328 --> 00:50:30,505 但全球多数低地大猩猩 However, most of the world's lowland gorillas 575 00:50:30,636 --> 00:50:32,551 栖息在刚果盆地 live in the Congo basin, 576 00:50:32,681 --> 00:50:36,816 那里森林正以惊人速度消失 where the forests are being destroyed at a terrifying rate. 577 00:50:44,780 --> 00:50:48,567 此外 贫困与饥饿迫使当地居民 In addition, poverty and hunger leave local inhabitants 578 00:50:48,697 --> 00:50:52,527 不得不进行非法狩猎 little choice but to hunt illegally. 579 00:50:52,658 --> 00:50:55,356 猩猩是利润丰厚的目标 Gorillas are a profitable target. 580 00:51:12,069 --> 00:51:17,683 拯救濒危物种没有一蹴而就的方案 There is no one-stop solution for saving endangered species, 581 00:51:17,813 --> 00:51:23,384 但已有诸多成功范例 but there are a number of examples of best practices. 582 00:51:23,515 --> 00:51:25,995 若全球雨林都能像加蓬 If all of the world's rainforests 583 00:51:26,126 --> 00:51:29,782 得到妥善保护 were as well-protected as those in Gabon, 584 00:51:29,912 --> 00:51:31,958 就无需担忧这些 there would be no need to worry 585 00:51:32,089 --> 00:51:35,614 森林巨人的存续 about these wonderful giants of the forest. 586 00:51:44,623 --> 00:51:47,843 加蓬并非富裕国度 Gabon is not a wealthy country, 587 00:51:47,974 --> 00:51:50,890 但风景如画 but it is a beautiful one. 588 00:51:51,020 --> 00:51:52,805 它已承诺保护 And it has made a commitment 589 00:51:52,935 --> 00:51:58,027 大部分生物多样性资源 to protect a large part of its biological richness. 590 00:51:58,158 --> 00:52:00,639 这是勇敢的选择 It's a brave choice. 591 00:52:00,769 --> 00:52:04,295 愿这片土地上的人民与瑰丽生灵 Long may its people and remarkable wildlife 592 00:52:04,425 --> 00:52:07,646 共享长久的丰盈未来 find a fulfilling future together.