1  
00:00:07,100 --> 00:00:09,800  
2013年，加勒比海  
In 2013, the Caribbean Sea  

2  
00:00:09,800 --> 00:00:12,600  
揭示了一个惊人秘密。  
gave up an extraordinary secret.  

3  
00:00:12,600 --> 00:00:16,300  
这是一片广袤原始的珊瑚礁  
It was a vast, pristine coral reef  

4  
00:00:16,300 --> 00:00:20,066  
从加勒比最深海域拔地而起。  
rising up from the Caribbean's deepest waters.  

5  
00:00:20,066 --> 00:00:24,133  
这是一个全新世界的发现。  
It was the discovery of a whole new world.  

6  
00:00:24,133 --> 00:00:26,533  
它庞大得难以置信。  
It's just humongous.  

7  
00:00:26,533 --> 00:00:31,433  
像中世纪堡垒般宏伟坚固。  
It's like a medieval fortress, like big and robust.  

8  
00:00:31,433 --> 00:00:33,666  
我从未见过任何地方  
I have never seen any place  

9  
00:00:33,666 --> 00:00:36,133  
拥有如此密集的活珊瑚覆盖，  
with the kind of live coral cover,  

10  
00:00:36,133 --> 00:00:41,500  
如此繁盛的鱼群。简直如梦似幻。  
the density of fish. It was so magic.  

11  
00:00:41,500 --> 00:00:43,600  
但发现之后，  
But once discovered,  

12  
00:00:43,600 --> 00:00:48,000  
挑战在于如何守护这片水下伊甸园  
the challenge was how to keep this underwater Eden safe  

13  
00:00:48,000 --> 00:00:50,066  
并从中汲取智慧。  
and how to learn from it.  

14  
00:00:50,066 --> 00:00:52,466  
我意识到我们需要研究它，  
I realized we needed to research it,  

15  
00:00:52,466 --> 00:00:54,500  
更深入地了解它。  
learn more about it, understand it better.  

16  
00:00:54,500 --> 00:00:56,800  
但我们必须保持低调。  
But we needed to keep it quiet.  

17  
00:00:56,800 --> 00:01:01,233  
于是，一场隐秘的科学探险就此展开——  
And so began an undercover scientific adventure,  

18  
00:01:01,233 --> 00:01:06,433  
潜入这座生命宝库，其奥秘或许掌握着  
a dive into a living treasure whose secrets may hold the keys  

19  
00:01:06,433 --> 00:01:10,000  
拯救其他濒危珊瑚礁的关键。  
to saving many other reefs in trouble.  

20  
00:02:04,766 --> 00:02:08,033  
渔民总爱夸大其词，  
Fishermen are known for tall tales,  

21  
00:02:08,033 --> 00:02:10,500  
但这次的故事确有其事。  
but this one is true.  

22  
00:02:21,800 --> 00:02:26,800  
2013年5月，一位危地马拉渔民  
It begins in May 2013, when a fisher from Guatemala  

23  
00:02:26,800 --> 00:02:29,900  
被逼无奈铤而走险。  
is pushed into an act of desperation.  

24  
00:02:35,066 --> 00:02:37,100  
他赖以为生的大鱼——  
The big fish he depends on --  

25  
00:02:37,100 --> 00:02:39,733  
石斑鱼、笛鲷和鰤鱼——  
the groupers, snappers, and jacks --  

26  
00:02:39,733 --> 00:02:41,366  
几乎已从这片曾经生机勃勃的水域  
have virtually vanished  

27  
00:02:41,366 --> 00:02:44,200  
消失殆尽。  
from waters that once teemed with life.  

28  
00:02:58,033 --> 00:03:00,500  
他冒险一搏，  
He takes a dangerous gambit  

29  
00:03:00,500 --> 00:03:03,966  
驶向远海更深处。  
and pushes farther and farther into the open ocean.  

30  
00:03:14,300 --> 00:03:19,266  
日出时分，他的引擎不堪重负。  
As the sun rises, his engine struggles under the strain.  

31  
00:03:38,300 --> 00:03:44,066  
在远离陆地的海域，海水意外地浅。  
Miles from land, the water is unexpectedly shallow.  

32  
00:03:51,566 --> 00:03:53,900  
就在波涛之下，  
Just beneath the swell,  

33  
00:03:53,900 --> 00:03:58,200  
巨大的岩石与珊瑚群拔地而起——  
a massive crown of rock and coral rises up --  

34  
00:03:58,200 --> 00:04:02,100  
这是一片未经标记、未被发现的礁群。  
an uncharted, undiscovered reef.  

35  
00:04:06,733 --> 00:04:09,800  
这是诱人的宝藏，  
It's a tantalizing treasure,  

36  
00:04:09,800 --> 00:04:12,633  
一个加勒比的秘密，将为全球珊瑚礁的存续  
a Caribbean secret that will raise hopes  

37  
00:04:12,633 --> 00:04:16,233  
带来希望。  
for the survival of coral reefs everywhere.  

38  
00:04:24,733 --> 00:04:28,233  
渔民只告诉了少数人。  
The fisher tells only a handful of people.  

39  
00:04:31,933 --> 00:04:36,666  
安娜·希罗、肯尼·马丁和梅拉妮·麦克菲尔德博士  
Ana Giró, Kenny Martin, and Dr. Melanie McField  

40  
00:04:36,666 --> 00:04:40,366  
研究加勒比珊瑚多年。  
have spent years studying Caribbean corals.  

41  
00:04:40,366 --> 00:04:42,733  
安娜是最早知情者之一。  
Ana is among the first to hear.  

42  
00:04:42,733 --> 00:04:44,500  
这位渔民找到我，  
So, this fisherman comes up to me,  

43  
00:04:44,500 --> 00:04:47,366  
告诉我关于一些岩石的事。  
and he told me about some rocks.  

44  
00:04:47,366 --> 00:04:50,200  
我说："带我去看看。  
And so I told him, "Well, take me there.  

45  
00:04:50,200 --> 00:04:51,966  
我想亲眼看看  
You know, I want to see the rocks  

46  
00:04:51,966 --> 00:04:53,766  
你说的那些岩石。"  
that you -- that you're telling me."  

47  
00:05:10,966 --> 00:05:13,133  
它庞大得难以置信。  
It's just humongous.  

48  
00:05:16,033 --> 00:05:20,400  
像中世纪堡垒般宏伟坚固。  
It's like a medieval fortress, like, just big and robust.  

49  
00:05:22,933 --> 00:05:25,200  
有耸立的尖峰，  
We have pinnacles that come out.  

50  
00:05:27,633 --> 00:05:32,166  
深邃的峭壁。  
Deep walls.  

51  
00:05:32,166 --> 00:05:35,633  
还有惊人的桶状海绵。  
And then, incredible barrel sponges.  

52  
00:05:39,166 --> 00:05:41,533  
令人沉醉。  
It's just mesmerizing.  

53  
00:06:04,866 --> 00:06:08,566  
这片新发现的珊瑚礁与许多濒危的加勒比礁群  
This newfound reef is a stunning contrast  

54  
00:06:08,566 --> 00:06:11,666  
形成鲜明对比。  
to many other Caribbean reefs that are in peril.  

55  
00:06:20,633 --> 00:06:25,366  
仿佛时光倒流到所有珊瑚礁都繁盛的年代。  
It's like stepping back in time to when all reefs were thriving.  

56  
00:06:32,166 --> 00:06:34,133  
这里有浅礁，  
There are shallow reefs,  

57  
00:06:34,133 --> 00:06:39,700  
生机勃勃、美丽多姿，鱼类丰富。  
vibrant and beautiful and different kinds of fish.  

58  
00:06:39,700 --> 00:06:42,166  
生态系统极其多样，  
The ecosystem is just so diverse,  

59  
00:06:42,166 --> 00:06:44,100  
由许多不同类型的群落  
many types of different communities  

60  
00:06:44,100 --> 00:06:46,100  
构成这个神奇的系统。  
that compose this incredible system.  

61  
00:06:50,966 --> 00:06:53,100  
这对我来说  
That was just an incredible experience  

62  
00:06:53,100 --> 00:06:55,466  
是一次难以置信的经历。  
for me, you know, personally.  

63  
00:06:59,000 --> 00:07:01,766  
当安娜告诉我她发现了这片新礁群，  
When Ana told me she found this new reef,  

64  
00:07:01,766 --> 00:07:03,566  
说它无比神奇时，  
that it's just totally amazing,  

65  
00:07:03,566 --> 00:07:06,366  
我相信，但我想亲眼见证。  
I believed it, but I wanted to see it.  

66  
00:07:06,366 --> 00:07:09,766  
我们有海底栖息地图，上面没有它。  
We have benthic habitat maps. It's not there.  

67  
00:07:09,766 --> 00:07:11,966  
谷歌地球上也找不到，  
It's not there, you know, when you look on Google Earth,  

68  
00:07:11,966 --> 00:07:14,000  
我们的地图上什么都没有。  
You know, we saw nothing on our maps.  

69  
00:07:16,933 --> 00:07:19,566  
到2017年，  
By 2017,  

70  
00:07:19,566 --> 00:07:24,633  
这片礁群的重要性逐渐显现。  
the reef's significance is starting to emerge.  

71  
00:07:24,633 --> 00:07:29,133  
这是座比曼哈顿还大的海底山峰，  
It's an underwater mountaintop bigger than Manhattan,  

72  
00:07:29,133 --> 00:07:34,733  
珊瑚为冠，坐落于加勒比最深处的  
crowned with coral and set on the edge of the Cayman Trench,  

73  
00:07:34,733 --> 00:07:39,400  
开曼海沟边缘。  
the deepest part of the Caribbean.  

74  
00:07:39,400 --> 00:07:45,066  
它后来被称为"开曼王冠"。  
It became known as the Cayman Crown.  

75  
00:07:45,066 --> 00:07:48,300  
它属于横跨伯利兹和危地马拉海域的  
It's part of a Mesoamerican Reef system  

76  
00:07:48,300 --> 00:07:51,300  
中美洲珊瑚礁系统。  
straddling the waters of Belize and Guatemala.  

77  
00:08:02,366 --> 00:08:03,833  
关于这座珊瑚奇观的消息  
News of the coral wonder  

78  
00:08:03,833 --> 00:08:08,700  
被悄悄告知渔业专家威尔·海曼博士。  
is quietly shared with fisheries expert Dr. Will HEYMAN.  

79  
00:08:08,700 --> 00:08:10,966  
我在一次会议上得知此事，  
I was at a meeting and somebody came up to me  

80  
00:08:10,966 --> 00:08:13,866  
有人告诉我这个关于未知之地的  
and told me this incredible story  

81  
00:08:13,866 --> 00:08:18,000  
惊人故事。  
of a place that nobody knew about.  

82  
00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:22,433  
这里有庞大的船队经过，  
There's giant, giant fleets of ships that go through here  

83  
00:08:22,433 --> 00:08:24,733  
为危地马拉、  
supplying the country of Guatemala,  

84  
00:08:24,733 --> 00:08:26,133  
洪都拉斯等国运送物资。  
the country of Honduras.  

85  
00:08:26,133 --> 00:08:29,533  
但仔细观察会发现，船只都绕道而行——  
But when you check it out, you zoom in, you look at it,  

86  
00:08:29,533 --> 00:08:32,666  
要么走这边，要么走那边。  
all the ships are going this way or they're going this way.  

87  
00:08:32,666 --> 00:08:33,966  
在这两条主要航线之间  
There's a shallow area  

88  
00:08:33,966 --> 00:08:36,966  
有一片浅水区，  
right between these two massive shipping routes,  

89  
00:08:36,966 --> 00:08:40,433  
就是开曼王冠。它一直藏在众目睽睽之下。  
and that's the Cayman Crown. It's hiding in plain sight.  

90  
00:08:43,466 --> 00:08:45,200  
我听说这里有  
What I heard was these were  

91  
00:08:45,200 --> 00:08:47,800  
全球最健康的珊瑚礁之一。  
some of the healthiest coral reefs in the world.  

92  
00:08:52,033 --> 00:08:58,000  
我从未见过活珊瑚覆盖率如此之高、  
I have never seen any place with the kind of live coral cover,  

93  
00:08:58,000 --> 00:09:03,966  
鱼群如此密集的地方。简直神奇。  
the density of fish. It was so magic.  

94  
00:09:03,966 --> 00:09:06,100  
我意识到我们需要研究它，  
I realized we needed to research it,  

95  
00:09:06,100 --> 00:09:08,400  
更深入了解它，  
learn more about it, understand it better,  

96  
00:09:08,400 --> 00:09:10,700  
但必须保持低调。  
but we needed to keep it quiet.  

97  
00:09:13,200 --> 00:09:15,166  
为了建立保护王冠的  
To build the scientific case  

98  
00:09:15,166 --> 00:09:19,566  
科学依据，团队秘密行动。  
for protecting the Crown, the team works quietly.  

99  
00:09:19,566 --> 00:09:25,166  
若消息走漏，渔民可能会盯上这片礁群。  
If news got out, fishers might be tempted to target the reef.  

100  
00:09:25,166 --> 00:09:27,033  
所以我们严守秘密。  
So, we kept it a secret.  

101  
00:09:27,033 --> 00:09:30,633  
所有研究和勘探工作  
So research, the explorations, and everything,  

102  
00:09:30,633 --> 00:09:34,166  
都只在特定人群中展开。  
kind of just between a selected group of people.  

103  
00:09:34,166 --> 00:09:36,533  
在获得保护之前，  
Before we have it, like, protected,  

104  
00:09:36,533 --> 00:09:39,566  
这就是我们的首要目标。  
that was, you know, our main -- our main goal.  

105  
00:09:39,566 --> 00:09:42,000  
但保护工作必须  
But protection will only be possible  

106  
00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:46,166  
得到当地渔民的支持才能实现。  
with the support of local fishers.  

107  
00:09:46,166 --> 00:09:51,700  
团队邀请肯尼·马丁加入信任圈。  
The team invites Kenny Martin into the circle of trust.  

108  
00:09:51,700 --> 00:09:53,466  
我们出身渔民世家，  
We grew up from a fishing family  

109  
00:09:53,466 --> 00:09:54,900  
在沿海社区长大，  
in a coastal community  

110  
00:09:54,900 --> 00:09:59,900  
用手钓线捕鱼，也曾使用刺网。  
catching fish on hand lines, and we used to use gillnets.  

111  
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这造成了负面影响，  
It has caused a negative impact,  

112  
00:10:01,966 --> 00:10:07,366  
如今我潜水时亲眼所见。  
and I've seen it now that I go out scuba diving.  

113  
00:10:07,366 --> 00:10:09,166  
肯尼想保护许多人所依赖的  
Kenny wants to protect the fish  

114  
00:10:09,166 --> 00:10:12,033  
鱼类资源。  
that many people depend on.  

115  
00:10:12,033 --> 00:10:13,800  
这意味着保护珊瑚礁。  
That means protecting the reef.  

116  
00:10:13,800 --> 00:10:15,733  
...1，开始。  
...1, go.  

117  
00:10:15,733 --> 00:10:18,133  
没有健康的珊瑚礁，  
Without a healthy reef,  

118  
00:10:18,133 --> 00:10:20,100  
就无鱼可捕。  
there will be no fish to catch.  

119  
00:10:24,200 --> 00:10:28,066  
珊瑚礁是复杂的生命网络，  
A coral reef is a complex web of life,  

120  
00:10:28,066 --> 00:10:31,700  
不同动植物各司其职。  
and different animal and plant species have different roles.  

121  
00:10:36,266 --> 00:10:40,466  
深邃的海沟通向奇异的珊瑚之城。  
Deep gullies lead to an extraordinary coral city.  

122  
00:10:44,566 --> 00:10:48,433  
居民们奇特而美丽，  
The inhabitants are strange and beautiful  

123  
00:10:48,433 --> 00:10:50,700  
彼此依存。  
and dependent on one another.  

124  
00:10:56,866 --> 00:11:01,600  
部分礁区景观近乎工业区般精密。  
Parts of the reefscape can feel almost industrial.  

125  
00:11:01,600 --> 00:11:03,700  
单只海绵的"烟囱"  
The chimney of a single sponge  

126  
00:11:03,700 --> 00:11:07,533  
每天可过滤2500加仑海水。  
can filter 2,500 gallons of water a day.  

127  
00:11:09,700 --> 00:11:13,766  
这里有养育幼鱼的育儿所，  
There are nurseries for raising young.  

128  
00:11:13,766 --> 00:11:16,300  
也有夜行生物的宿舍。  
And dormitories for the night shift.  

129  
00:11:20,133 --> 00:11:23,133  
万物互联。  
Everything is interconnected.  

130  
00:11:23,133 --> 00:11:24,700  
在鱼类清洁站，  
At fish grooming stations,  

131  
00:11:24,700 --> 00:11:30,933  
灵巧的清洁鱼会啄食海虱等寄生虫。  
spritely cleaners pick off parasites like sea lice.  

132  
00:11:30,933 --> 00:11:35,100  
这片礁区还是巨型掠食者的家园，  
The reef is also home to giant predators,  

133  
00:11:35,100 --> 00:11:38,566  
比如这条400磅重的巨型石斑鱼。  
like this 400-pound goliath grouper.  

134  
00:11:41,200 --> 00:11:45,266  
勇敢的小清洁工毫不畏惧。  
The gutsy little cleaner is not intimidated.  

135  
00:11:48,433 --> 00:11:50,333  
还有访客光临。  
There are visitors.  

136  
00:11:50,333 --> 00:11:53,300  
一群海豚在礁石周围觅食。  
A pod of dolphins feeds around the reef.  

137  
00:11:58,600 --> 00:12:02,433  
鲸鲨——地球上最大的鱼类——  
Whale sharks, the biggest fish on the planet,  

138  
00:12:02,433 --> 00:12:06,966  
尽情享用丰富的浮游生物和鱼卵。  
gorge on an abundance of tiny zooplankton and fish eggs.  

139  
00:12:15,733 --> 00:12:17,966  
护士鲨也在此繁衍生息。  
Nurse sharks thrive here, too.  

140  
00:12:23,266 --> 00:12:25,066  
在健康的生态系统中，  
In a healthy system,  

141  
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掠食者只会猎取一定比例的猎物。  
predators only take a proportion of their prey.  

142  
00:12:29,366 --> 00:12:31,266  
若平衡得当，  
If the balance is right,  

143  
00:12:31,266 --> 00:12:34,833  
掠食者与猎物的数量都令人惊叹。  
the number of predators and prey can be impressive.  

144  
00:12:40,200 --> 00:12:43,933  
鰤鱼、笛鲷和石斑鱼等掠食者  
Predators, like jacks, snappers, and groupers,  

145  
00:12:43,933 --> 00:12:46,400  
对珊瑚礁健康至关重要，  
are vital to the health of the reef  

146  
00:12:46,400 --> 00:12:48,733  
也是当地人的主要食物来源。  
and a key food for local people.  

147  
00:12:52,733 --> 00:12:58,200  
渔民最珍视的是拿骚石斑鱼。  
Most prized by fishers is the Nassau grouper.  

148  
00:12:58,200 --> 00:13:01,966  
拿骚石斑鱼曾是当地经济支柱，  
Nassau groupers were once the backbone of the local economy,  

149  
00:13:01,966 --> 00:13:04,366  
如今却已极度濒危。  
but now they are critically endangered.  

150  
00:13:07,466 --> 00:13:10,533  
石斑鱼在晨昏时分捕猎。  
Groupers hunt at dawn and dusk.  

151  
00:13:10,533 --> 00:13:13,800  
它们潜伏在礁石幽暗处  
They lie in ambush for small fishes in the reef's  

152  
00:13:13,800 --> 00:13:15,633  
伏击小鱼。  
darker recesses.  

153  
00:13:18,033 --> 00:13:20,833  
拿骚石斑鱼与此地万物一样，  
The Nassau grouper, like everything here,  

154  
00:13:20,833 --> 00:13:23,433  
依赖健康平衡的生态系统。  
depends on a healthy, balanced system.  

155  
00:13:27,166 --> 00:13:29,500  
滋养石斑鱼的食物链  
The food web that feeds the groupers  

156  
00:13:29,500 --> 00:13:33,733  
始于阳光与养分。  
starts with sunlight and nutrients.  

157  
00:13:33,733 --> 00:13:36,633  
洋流裹挟着微生物，  
Currents sweep in microscopic life  

158  
00:13:36,633 --> 00:13:40,766  
被扇形珊瑚和软珊瑚捕获。  
that's harvested by fan corals and soft corals.  

159  
00:13:43,500 --> 00:13:48,233  
缨鳃虫舒展身躯收集无形微粒。  
Feather duster worms unfurl to collect the invisible morsels.  

160  
00:13:57,566 --> 00:13:59,833  
上一级是食草生物，  
The next level up are grazers,  

161  
00:13:59,833 --> 00:14:02,900  
啃食珊瑚和海绵上的藻类。  
nibbling algae off coral and sponges.  

162  
00:14:07,266 --> 00:14:11,400  
法国神仙鱼享用藻类时还会搭配海绵。  
French angelfish enjoy a side of sponge with their algae.  

163  
00:14:14,800 --> 00:14:17,733  
鹦嘴鱼打理着珊瑚花园。  
Parrotfish tend the coral garden.  

164  
00:14:26,900 --> 00:14:30,466  
石鲷搜寻软体动物和蠕虫。  
Porkfish forage for mollusks and worms.  

165  
00:14:34,733 --> 00:14:38,633  
从微观植物到顶级掠食者，  
Everything from microscopic plant to predator  

166  
00:14:38,633 --> 00:14:40,800  
万物紧密相连。  
is bound together.  

167  
00:14:45,933 --> 00:14:49,833  
受此富饶生态鼓舞，团队不辞辛劳地  
Spurred on by the riches, the team has been painstakingly  

168  
00:14:49,833 --> 00:14:55,433  
记录礁区生物分布图鉴。  
creating an inventory of what lives on the reef and where.  

169  
00:14:55,433 --> 00:14:57,933  
我们耗费很长时间勘探了  
It took us a long time to explore all the reefs  

170  
00:14:57,933 --> 00:14:59,066  
所有调查区域，  
that we surveyed,  

171  
00:14:59,066 --> 00:15:02,000  
约90平方公里的礁群。  
like 90 kilometers square of the reef.  

172  
00:15:02,000 --> 00:15:04,500  
监测珊瑚礁健康状况、  
Doing monitoring of coral-reef health  

173  
00:15:04,500 --> 00:15:07,866  
地形及珊瑚覆盖率的过程令人震撼，  
and the geomorphology, and the coral cover was incredible,  

174  
00:15:07,866 --> 00:15:11,700  
前所未见。  
like nothing that I've ever seen before.  

175  
00:15:11,700 --> 00:15:14,700  
安娜分段拍摄珊瑚，  
Ana photographs the coral in strips,  

176  
00:15:14,700 --> 00:15:17,966  
拼接出富饶礁区的全景图。  
building a mosaic of the richer parts of the reef.  

177  
00:15:21,900 --> 00:15:24,400  
照片地图显示，王冠礁  
The photo maps reveal that the Crown  

178  
00:15:24,400 --> 00:15:30,866  
活珊瑚覆盖率冠绝中美洲珊瑚礁系统。  
has the highest live coral cover in the Mesoamerican Reef.  

179  
00:15:30,866 --> 00:15:32,633  
我们可以放大这里。  
So we can zoom in right here.  

180  
00:15:32,633 --> 00:15:34,366  
对，放大这个位置，  
Yeah, if you zoom in right here,  

181  
00:15:34,366 --> 00:15:36,300  
就能看到珊瑚构成。  
you know the coral composition.  

182  
00:15:36,300 --> 00:15:37,566  
还有珊瑚覆盖率。  
Coral cover, as well.  

183  
00:15:37,566 --> 00:15:40,466  
这个站点活珊瑚覆盖率达77%？  
This is the site with 77% live coral cover?  

184  
00:15:40,466 --> 00:15:42,000  
是的，就是这个站点。  
Yes, this is the site that we have.  

185  
00:15:42,000 --> 00:15:43,166  
你看这里。  
And you see it.  

186  
00:15:43,166 --> 00:15:44,600  
珊瑚覆盖率极高。  
A huge amount of coral cover.  

187  
00:15:44,600 --> 00:15:46,833  
相比中美洲珊瑚礁系统  
I mean, compared to the rest of the Mesoamerican Reef,  

188  
00:15:46,833 --> 00:15:50,966  
平均19%的覆盖率...  
when we're talking about a 19% coral cover...  

189  
00:15:50,966 --> 00:15:52,233  
这是目前最高值。  
This is the highest now.  

190  
00:15:52,233 --> 00:15:55,133  
没错，这是最高纪录。  
This is -- yeah, this is the highest.  

191  
00:15:55,133 --> 00:15:57,333  
展现在眼前的  
What is revealed is a coral reef  

192  
00:15:57,333 --> 00:15:59,866  
是一座具有全球重要性的珊瑚礁。  
of global importance.  

193  
00:15:59,866 --> 00:16:04,266  
但团队担心时间所剩无几。  
But the team fears that time may be running out.  

194  
00:16:04,266 --> 00:16:07,100  
加勒比海域正惊人地变暖，  
Caribbean waters are warming alarmingly,  

195  
00:16:07,100 --> 00:16:11,033  
对珊瑚构成严重威胁。  
posing a grave threat to the corals.  

196  
00:16:11,033 --> 00:16:14,600  
他们在王冠礁安装温度传感器。  
They place temperature sensors on the Crown.  

197  
00:16:14,600 --> 00:16:17,866  
整个加勒比地区乃至全球  
We do have bleaching events in the whole Caribbean,  

198  
00:16:17,866 --> 00:16:19,500  
都面临白化事件。  
the whole world, obviously.  

199  
00:16:19,500 --> 00:16:22,300  
这可能是该地区最大威胁之一。  
That is probably one of the greatest threats in this area.  

200  
00:16:22,300 --> 00:16:24,800  
十月份海水温度高到  
In October, the water is just so hot,  

201  
00:16:24,800 --> 00:16:27,700  
潜水时都能感受到热浪。  
you can feel the heat when diving.  

202  
00:16:27,700 --> 00:16:31,866  
1998年首次全球大规模白化事件后，  
1998 was the first global mass bleaching event,  

203  
00:16:31,866 --> 00:16:34,833  
近年情况愈发恶化。  
and it has gotten worse in the last few years.  

204  
00:16:37,566 --> 00:16:39,500  
坚硬礁石中栖息着  
Tucked within the stony reef  

205  
00:16:39,500 --> 00:16:42,066  
微小的珊瑚虫。  
are tiny coral polyps.  

206  
00:16:42,066 --> 00:16:46,100  
其体内的虫黄藻制造糖分。  
Inside them, algae make sugars.  

207  
00:16:46,100 --> 00:16:50,600  
但温度过高时，藻类会产生毒素。  
But if it gets too hot, the algae make toxins.  

208  
00:16:54,033 --> 00:17:00,166  
珊瑚虫便会驱逐藻类，导致白化。  
Then the polyps eject the algae, and the coral bleaches white.  

209  
00:17:00,166 --> 00:17:03,966  
若水温及时降低，藻类可能回归。  
The algae can return if the water cools soon.  

210  
00:17:03,966 --> 00:17:07,533  
否则珊瑚往往死亡。  
Otherwise, the coral often dies.  

211  
00:17:12,600 --> 00:17:17,433  
2014至2017年的白化灾难  
From 2014 to 2017, a bleaching apocalypse  

212  
00:17:17,433 --> 00:17:20,433  
导致全球三分之一珊瑚死亡。  
killed up to a third of the world's corals.  

213  
00:17:26,933 --> 00:17:31,833  
令人惊叹的是，王冠礁安然无恙。  
Amazingly, the Crown was unscathed.  

214  
00:17:31,833 --> 00:17:37,233  
但2019年10月，灾难降临该区域。  
But in October 2019, tragedy strikes the region.  

215  
00:17:45,333 --> 00:17:47,833  
王冠礁遭受直接冲击。  
The Crown takes a direct hit.  

216  
00:17:53,966 --> 00:17:55,733  
完全白化了。  
It was completely bleached.  

217  
00:17:55,733 --> 00:17:59,733  
整片礁区雪白一片。  
Like, all of it. It was just all white.  

218  
00:17:59,733 --> 00:18:02,300  
我们目睹了大规模白化事件。  
We saw a massive bleaching event.  

219  
00:18:02,300 --> 00:18:05,833  
那些我们熟识珍爱的珊瑚  
I mean, the corals that we came to know and love  

220  
00:18:05,833 --> 00:18:07,933  
仿佛被白雪覆盖。  
blanketed with snow, it looked like.  

221  
00:18:15,100 --> 00:18:17,500  
四个月后，  
Then, four months later,  

222  
00:18:17,500 --> 00:18:21,166  
团队发现了惊人变化。  
the team notices something extraordinary.  

223  
00:18:21,166 --> 00:18:22,966  
一月份重返时，  
When we go back in January,  

224  
00:18:22,966 --> 00:18:26,433  
珊瑚开始好转。  
the corals get better.  

225  
00:18:26,433 --> 00:18:28,366  
二月份恢复更明显。  
February, they get even better.  

226  
00:18:32,233 --> 00:18:34,800  
五月时珊瑚状态良好，  
May, the corals are looking fine.  

227  
00:18:34,800 --> 00:18:36,433  
美丽如初。  
They're looking beautiful.  

228  
00:18:40,466 --> 00:18:43,233  
这座美丽的开曼王冠礁  
We have this beautiful Cayman Crown Reef,  

229  
00:18:43,233 --> 00:18:44,966  
已经康复。  
and it has recovered.  

230  
00:18:44,966 --> 00:18:48,366  
该区域的珊瑚具有顽强生命力。  
The corals in this region are resilient.  

231  
00:18:53,033 --> 00:18:56,966  
消息传到珊瑚专家迈尔斯·菲利普斯耳中。  
The news reaches coral expert Myles Phillips.  

232  
00:18:56,966 --> 00:19:02,900  
他加入团队研究王冠礁的非凡复苏。  
He joins the team to investigate the Crown's remarkable recovery.  

233  
00:19:02,900 --> 00:19:06,233  
威尔·海曼分享了他的理论。  
Will Heyman shares his theory.  

234  
00:19:06,233 --> 00:19:08,033  
先看地理背景。  
Let me give you the geographic context.  

235  
00:19:08,033 --> 00:19:09,633  
这里是洪都拉斯湾。  
So, this is the Gulf of Honduras.  

236  
00:19:09,633 --> 00:19:11,366  
- 对 - 在这片水道中，  
- Yeah. - And in this channel,  

237  
00:19:11,366 --> 00:19:12,900  
就是你们的开曼王冠。  
that's your Cayman Crown.  

238  
00:19:12,900 --> 00:19:17,300  
关键是这里毗邻开曼海沟。  
What you got to remember is that this is the Cayman Trench.  

239  
00:19:17,300 --> 00:19:21,200  
此处深度已达千米，继续下探——  
Here, it's already a thousand, 1,500 meters,  

240  
00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:22,900  
直至7600米的最深处。  
and then drops, drops, drops, drop, drops --  

241  
00:19:22,900 --> 00:19:25,266  
7,600 meters, deepest point.  

242  
00:19:33,066 --> 00:19:34,466  
海沟最深处  
At its deepest,  

243  
00:19:34,466 --> 00:19:37,566  
超过6.4公里。  
the trench is over 4 miles down.  

244  
00:19:37,566 --> 00:19:40,733  
投下15磅保龄球，  
A 15-pound bowling ball dropped in  

245  
00:19:40,733 --> 00:19:44,033  
需一个半小时才能触底。  
would take over an hour and a half to hit bottom.  

246  
00:19:52,733 --> 00:19:55,566  
深处涌上的寒流  
Cold currents rising from those depths  

247  
00:19:55,566 --> 00:19:58,066  
将养分输送给王冠礁。  
sweep nutrients up to the Crown.  

248  
00:20:03,700 --> 00:20:05,600  
海水猛烈冲击  
This water comes slamming up  

249  
00:20:05,600 --> 00:20:07,733  
这片垂直陆架。  
onto this vertical shelf.  

250  
00:20:07,733 --> 00:20:10,266  
我们研究的宝石礁群就位于  
So where we were, those jewel reefs --  

251  
00:20:10,266 --> 00:20:12,600  
陆架顶端。  
Right at the top of it.  

252  
00:20:12,600 --> 00:20:13,833  
这就是上升流的源头。  
So that's the source of your upwelling.  

253  
00:20:13,833 --> 00:20:15,100  
正是。  
Exactly.  

254  
00:20:18,566 --> 00:20:22,633  
上升流沿着岩珊瑚褶皱流动，  
The upwelling flows along folds of rock and coral  

255  
00:20:22,633 --> 00:20:26,433  
如同冷却系统的管道，  
that act like pipes and channels in a cooling system,  

256  
00:20:26,433 --> 00:20:29,266  
调节温度并提供养分。  
easing temperatures and providing nutrients.  

257  
00:20:42,800 --> 00:20:44,800  
另一个关键因素是，  
The other factor that we haven't talked about,  

258  
00:20:44,800 --> 00:20:47,100  
该区域年降雨量达4米  
we get 4 meters, like 12 feet of rain,  

259  
00:20:47,100 --> 00:20:48,500  
约合12英尺——  
that falls all within a --  

260  
00:20:48,500 --> 00:20:49,733  
都集中在这片海域。  
All in this region.  

261  
00:20:49,733 --> 00:20:51,766  
流经农田，穿过——  
Through agricultural lands, through --  

262  
00:20:51,766 --> 00:20:53,833  
最终汇入这个海湾的狭窄水道。  
Into this one bay, through the same little channel.  

263  
00:20:53,833 --> 00:20:55,766  
- 正是 - 这就像形成了  
- Exactly. - So this is forming,  

264  
00:20:55,766 --> 00:20:57,300  
一层天然的遮阳顶棚  
like a -- like, a roof, like a shade  

265  
00:20:57,300 --> 00:21:00,700  
- 笼罩珊瑚礁 - 没错  
- over this coral reef. - That's it.  

266  
00:21:00,700 --> 00:21:03,933  
当加勒比海水温达到峰值时，  
Just as the Caribbean water temperature peaks,  

267  
00:21:03,933 --> 00:21:08,300  
浑浊水流会漫过礁群。  
muddy water washes over the reef.  

268  
00:21:08,300 --> 00:21:11,266  
新研究表明这些径流  
Emerging research suggests that this runoff  

269  
00:21:11,266 --> 00:21:14,266  
可能保护珊瑚免受强光伤害。  
could shield corals from damaging sunlight.  

270  
00:21:23,300 --> 00:21:25,666  
它们获得遮荫、养分补给  
They're getting shade, they're getting fed,  

271  
00:21:25,666 --> 00:21:27,233  
和降温三重保护。  
and they're getting cooled.  

272  
00:21:27,233 --> 00:21:28,866  
当加勒比其他区域  
So where all the rest of the Caribbean  

273  
00:21:28,866 --> 00:21:31,500  
饱受白化困扰艰难恢复时，  
took that bleaching and wrestled coming back,  

274  
00:21:31,500 --> 00:21:34,766  
这里却因这些因素展现出顽强生命力。  
this area is resilient because of those factors.  

275  
00:21:36,900 --> 00:21:42,300  
另一关键因素或许在于珊瑚本身。  
Another factor may be the corals themselves.  

276  
00:21:42,300 --> 00:21:45,900  
迈尔斯发现大量耐高温的  
Myles finds an abundance of slow-growing corals  

277  
00:21:45,900 --> 00:21:49,000  
慢生珊瑚。  
that can withstand warming waters.  

278  
00:21:49,000 --> 00:21:53,266  
更意外的是快速生长的珊瑚  
He also sees a surprising amount of faster-growing corals  

279  
00:21:53,266 --> 00:21:57,400  
在白化后如野草般疯长。  
that proliferate like weeds after bleaching events.  

280  
00:21:57,400 --> 00:21:59,900  
我发现了叶状珊瑚，  
Well, what I found was lettuce coral,  

281  
00:21:59,900 --> 00:22:04,700  
这类"杂草物种"的典型代表  
considered the poster child for these weedy species  

282  
00:22:04,700 --> 00:22:07,166  
繁殖速度惊人——  
that, honestly, reproduce so quickly  

283  
00:22:07,166 --> 00:22:13,000  
能迅速重建种群。  
or so effectively that they can quickly repopulate an area.  

284  
00:22:13,000 --> 00:22:15,333  
还有这些抗压型珊瑚  
You also had these stress-tolerant corals  

285  
00:22:15,333 --> 00:22:16,833  
它们耗费大量代谢能量  
that invest a lot of metabolic energy  

286  
00:22:16,833 --> 00:22:19,200  
在生存上——比如巨型脑珊瑚。  
in surviving things -- big brain corals.  

287  
00:22:19,200 --> 00:22:22,600  
在开曼王冠礁体型尤其庞大。  
And they were massive at the Cayman Crown.  

288  
00:22:24,700 --> 00:22:26,466  
但最令迈尔斯震惊的是  
But what astounds Myles  

289  
00:22:26,466 --> 00:22:29,100  
未曾发现的迹象。  
is something he doesn't find.  

290  
00:22:29,100 --> 00:22:32,700  
致命疾病正在加勒比蔓延。  
A deadly disease has been sweeping the Caribbean.  

291  
00:22:32,700 --> 00:22:34,600  
令他欣慰的是，  
To Myles' relief,  

292  
00:22:34,600 --> 00:22:37,633  
通常易感的柱珊瑚和脑珊瑚  
the normally susceptible pillar and brain corals  

293  
00:22:37,633 --> 00:22:41,866  
在此处毫发无损。  
seem untouched here.  

294  
00:22:41,866 --> 00:22:44,533  
未见石珊瑚组织流失病踪迹。  
I saw no sign of stony coral tissue loss disease.  

295  
00:22:44,533 --> 00:22:48,266  
事实上完全没发现任何病害。  
Actually, no sign of any disease at all that I could see.  

296  
00:22:48,266 --> 00:22:51,200  
这些珊瑚应有数百年历史，  
These corals must be tens or hundreds of years old,  

297  
00:22:51,200 --> 00:22:52,666  
却仿佛从未经历  
and they look like they've never gone  

298  
00:22:52,666 --> 00:22:55,300  
任何磨难。健康状态极佳。  
through anything in their lives. They're completely healthy.  

299  
00:22:58,800 --> 00:23:02,100  
王冠礁本是避风港，  
The crown has been a sanctuary,  

300  
00:23:02,100 --> 00:23:06,266  
但隔离状态未能阻挡  
except its isolation has not protected it  

301  
00:23:06,266 --> 00:23:08,066  
另一位入侵者。  
from another invader.  

302  
00:23:16,033 --> 00:23:20,600  
这个生物已成全球公害。  
It's a creature that's become a global menace.  

303  
00:23:20,600 --> 00:23:23,900  
狮子鱼。  
Lionfish.  

304  
00:23:23,900 --> 00:23:27,733  
2008年首次在伯利兹现踪。  
They were first seen around Belize in 2008.  

305  
00:23:30,800 --> 00:23:33,433  
这些来自印度-太平洋的掠食者  
These predators from the Indo-Pacific  

306  
00:23:33,433 --> 00:23:38,233  
属全球最具侵略性的入侵物种。  
are among the most aggressive, invasive species on the planet.  

307  
00:23:58,200 --> 00:24:00,600  
连高贵的拿骚石斑鱼  
Even the regal Nassau grouper  

308  
00:24:00,600 --> 00:24:04,333  
也忌惮狮子鱼的毒棘。  
is wary of the lionfish's venomous spines.  

309  
00:24:07,233 --> 00:24:11,400  
这个不安发现表明开曼王冠礁  
This disturbing discovery shows that the Cayman Crown  

310  
00:24:11,400 --> 00:24:16,566  
并未与外界完全隔绝。  
is not totally disconnected from the outside world.  

311  
00:24:16,566 --> 00:24:19,233  
存在生物贸易路线。  
The reef has trade routes.  

312  
00:24:25,566 --> 00:24:30,033  
鱼类使用延伸至远海的"高速公路"。  
Fish use highways reaching out way beyond the reef.  

313  
00:24:33,833 --> 00:24:37,866  
团队意识到王冠礁可能是  
The Crown, the team realizes, could be part of a network  

314  
00:24:37,866 --> 00:24:42,200  
横跨加勒比的生态网络节点  
stretching across the Caribbean with the kind of connections  

315  
00:24:42,200 --> 00:24:44,833  
其关联性我们才刚刚认知。  
that we are just beginning to understand.  

316  
00:24:47,000 --> 00:24:51,833  
但研究被迫中断。  
But untangling these connections has to be put on hold.  

317  
00:25:08,333 --> 00:25:11,400  
加勒比的飓风与风暴  
Hurricanes and other storms in the Caribbean  

318  
00:25:11,400 --> 00:25:14,433  
正变得更频繁猛烈，  
are becoming more frequent and powerful,  

319  
00:25:14,433 --> 00:25:18,300  
很可能是气候变化所致。  
most likely due to climate change.  

320  
00:25:18,300 --> 00:25:20,166  
研究人员只能期望  
The researchers can only hope  

321  
00:25:20,166 --> 00:25:23,833  
王冠礁的位置能保护它  
that the Crown's location will protect it  

322  
00:25:23,833 --> 00:25:27,466  
免受附近浅礁遭遇的风暴摧残。  
as a storm lashes nearby shallow reefs.  

323  
00:25:31,466 --> 00:25:34,000  
在反复遭受强飓风袭击的区域  
What we're seeing in areas that are being hit  

324  
00:25:34,000 --> 00:25:36,633  
这是珊瑚礁衰退的  
over and over with the intensity of hurricanes  

325  
00:25:36,633 --> 00:25:39,933  
主要原因之一。  
is that that is one of the main causes of reef decline.  

326  
00:25:39,933 --> 00:25:43,600  
而这里几乎不受影响。  
And we don't have that down here. It's very minimal.  

327  
00:25:43,600 --> 00:25:45,600  
开曼王冠礁恰好处在  
The Cayman Crown's perfectly situated  

328  
00:25:45,600 --> 00:25:48,233  
主要飓风带下方。  
below the main hurricane belt.  

329  
00:26:02,866 --> 00:26:04,766  
王冠礁的特殊位置  
The Crown's exact position  

330  
00:26:04,766 --> 00:26:08,566  
可能使其成为方舟般的存在——  
is yet another factor that may make it a kind of ark,  

331  
00:26:08,566 --> 00:26:11,566  
为其他礁群输送生命种子。  
able to seed other reefs with life.  

332  
00:26:15,600 --> 00:26:18,866  
风暴过后，团队继续记录  
After the storm, the team is back at work  

333  
00:26:18,866 --> 00:26:21,300  
王冠礁的居民生态。  
documenting the Crown's inhabitants.  

334  
00:26:25,300 --> 00:26:28,533  
海鲈虽不起眼，  
Hamlets are easily overlooked fish,  

335  
00:26:28,533 --> 00:26:32,666  
但目睹它们求偶带来新的希望。  
but seeing the start of their courtship brings renewed hope.  

336  
00:26:45,533 --> 00:26:48,600  
它们将数百枚显微卵粒  
They release hundreds of microscopic eggs  

337  
00:26:48,600 --> 00:26:50,500  
释放入洋流，  
into the current,  

338  
00:26:50,500 --> 00:26:54,066  
远离礁区捕食者的巨口。  
which sweeps them away from the Crown's hungry mouths.  

339  
00:27:00,666 --> 00:27:05,000  
海参也将卵子汇入洋流。  
A sea cucumber also adds eggs into the current.  

340  
00:27:14,100 --> 00:27:20,033  
蓝唐王鱼群在钟爱城垛旁加入盛会。  
A school of blue tangs joins the party at a favorite parapet.  

341  
00:27:20,033 --> 00:27:24,133  
雌鱼排卵，雄鱼释精，  
The females release eggs, the males sperm,  

342  
00:27:24,133 --> 00:27:26,500  
完成受精。  
and the eggs are fertilized.  

343  
00:27:33,466 --> 00:27:37,400  
洋流能将卵和幼体带至数百英里外，  
Currents can carry eggs and larvae hundreds of miles,  

344  
00:27:37,400 --> 00:27:41,100  
从古巴到洪都拉斯的礁群皆受惠泽。  
seeding reefs from Cuba to Honduras.  

345  
00:27:43,833 --> 00:27:46,666  
部分滞留于王冠礁周围涡流。  
Others linger in gyres around the crown.  

346  
00:27:54,100 --> 00:27:58,000  
孵化数日的幼鱼就能  
From a few days old, larval fish can swim,  

347  
00:27:58,000 --> 00:28:04,366  
依靠温度、洋流或声波导航。  
guided by temperature, currents, or maybe even sound.  

348  
00:28:04,366 --> 00:28:09,266  
它们前往附近岛屿的红树林——  
They are heading for the mangroves on a nearby island.  

349  
00:28:09,266 --> 00:28:12,566  
这片海陆交界的树栖世界  
It's an in-between world of marine trees  

350  
00:28:12,566 --> 00:28:15,766  
将成为育儿所。  
that will serve as their nursery.  

351  
00:28:30,000 --> 00:28:33,166  
成群的小型掠食者  
There are gangs of pint-sized predators,  

352  
00:28:33,166 --> 00:28:36,866  
如笛鲷和鰤鱼在此学习生存。  
like snappers and jacks, learning the ropes.  

353  
00:28:40,100 --> 00:28:43,166  
寸许长的梭鱼潜伏暗处。  
An inch-long barracuda lays low.  

354  
00:28:46,033 --> 00:28:49,666  
这是未来贪婪猎手  
Here's a baby cubera snapper, a miniature version  

355  
00:28:49,666 --> 00:28:54,900  
古巴笛鲷的幼体。  
of the voracious hunter it will become.  

356  
00:28:54,900 --> 00:28:57,466  
隆头鱼幼崽集体游弋。  
Young wrasse go to school.  

357  
00:28:57,466 --> 00:29:01,333  
蝶鱼宝宝也加入队列。  
And joining the class are baby butterfly fish.  

358  
00:29:09,266 --> 00:29:14,400  
下一站是海草牧场。  
The next stop for many young fish is seagrass meadows.  

359  
00:29:14,400 --> 00:29:18,066  
此处食物更丰，但庇护所  
They find more food here but have less protection  

360  
00:29:18,066 --> 00:29:21,000  
不及红树林根系。  
than when hiding in the mangrove roots.  

361  
00:29:23,833 --> 00:29:28,800  
沙丁鱼幼体竭力躲避马鲛鱼。  
Young sardines try to avoid run-ins with Spanish mackerel.  

362  
00:29:44,700 --> 00:29:47,966  
丰富生态吸引护士鲨、  
The abundance of life attracts nurse sharks  

363  
00:29:47,966 --> 00:29:52,400  
黄貂鱼与鹰鳐前来觅食。  
and sting and eagle rays that scour the shallow beds.  

364  
00:30:08,966 --> 00:30:11,766  
幼鱼成年后将奔赴新礁区。  
The juvenile fish will set out for new reefs  

365  
00:30:11,766 --> 00:30:13,500  
待发育成熟时。  
when they're old enough.  

366  
00:30:16,833 --> 00:30:20,433  
研究者眼中，珊瑚礁、海草牧场  
To the researchers, the reefs, the seagrass meadows,  

367  
00:30:20,433 --> 00:30:24,266  
与红树林构成生命三位一体，  
and the mangroves make up a trinity of life,  

368  
00:30:24,266 --> 00:30:28,800  
都是生态系统的关键环节。  
each an essential part of a single system.  

369  
00:30:28,800 --> 00:30:30,766  
要保护笛鲷石斑，  
For snappers and groupers,  

370  
00:30:30,766 --> 00:30:32,133  
必须保全整个系统。  
we need to preserve all of it.  

371  
00:30:32,133 --> 00:30:33,500  
守护红树林、  
We need to preserve the mangroves.  

372  
00:30:33,500 --> 00:30:37,400  
海草床与珊瑚礁。  
We need to preserve the seagrass beds and the coral reefs.  

373  
00:30:37,400 --> 00:30:39,500  
生态连通性至关重要。  
The connectivity is really important.  

374  
00:30:43,533 --> 00:30:45,933  
幼鱼回归王冠礁——  
Young fish come back to the Crown,  

375  
00:30:45,933 --> 00:30:49,600  
系统核心枢纽。  
the hub of the system.  

376  
00:30:49,600 --> 00:30:53,400  
许多成为食藻者或清洁工，  
Many fill the ranks of grazers or cleaners,  

377  
00:30:53,400 --> 00:30:57,200  
警惕着同样成年的掠食者，  
ever vigilant for predators also coming of age,  

378  
00:30:57,200 --> 00:30:59,100  
比如这些笛鲷。  
like these snappers.  

379  
00:31:04,533 --> 00:31:08,733  
成年之旅可能耗时数年。  
The journey to adulthood can last several years.  

380  
00:31:08,733 --> 00:31:11,633  
但笛鲷寿命可达80岁。  
But snappers can live to be 80.  

381  
00:31:15,366 --> 00:31:17,866  
每年掠食者聚集在  
Each year, the predators aggregate  

382  
00:31:17,866 --> 00:31:20,133  
礁区固定产卵场。  
at breeding grounds on the reef.  

383  
00:31:37,400 --> 00:31:41,000  
定位大型鱼类产卵地与时间  
Finding the location and timing of breeding big fish  

384  
00:31:41,000 --> 00:31:44,733  
对渔民如同中彩。  
is like winning the lottery for a fisher.  

385  
00:31:44,733 --> 00:31:48,400  
整个加勒比的产卵场都遭过度捕捞。  
Spawning sites are targeted all across the Caribbean.  

386  
00:31:51,400 --> 00:31:53,700  
我们目睹大量怀卵亲鱼  
We've been seeing a lot of fish being caught  

387  
00:31:53,700 --> 00:31:55,766  
被捕捞。  
and most fish with eggs.  

388  
00:31:55,766 --> 00:31:58,266  
每次出海都发现  
We've noticed that, every time you go out,  

389  
00:31:58,266 --> 00:32:00,400  
鱼量递减。  
you'll find less fish.  

390  
00:32:09,133 --> 00:32:11,433  
肯尼与威尔正在勘探  
Kenny and Will are searching the Crown  

391  
00:32:11,433 --> 00:32:13,900  
可能的鱼类产卵地，  
for likely fish-breeding sites  

392  
00:32:13,900 --> 00:32:18,533  
以便在繁殖期实施保护。  
to protect the spawning when it happens.  

393  
00:32:18,533 --> 00:32:22,300  
两人根据洋流走向和理想岩礁地形  
Both believe that the Crown must have major breeding grounds  

394  
00:32:22,300 --> 00:32:26,733  
确信王冠礁必是拿骚石斑等物种的  
for Nassau groupers and other species based on the currents  

395  
00:32:26,733 --> 00:32:30,366  
重要繁殖场。  
and ideal rocky outcrops and spurs.  

396  
00:32:30,366 --> 00:32:32,566  
这些鱼类会在特定时节  
These fish all come together to reproduce  

397  
00:32:32,566 --> 00:32:36,900  
聚集于岬角处交配。  
at these very specific places and times at elbows.  

398  
00:32:36,900 --> 00:32:39,200  
这个地形属于岬角结构，  
This stage is promontory stage,  

399  
00:32:39,200 --> 00:32:41,166  
类似桌角突入海中——  
so it's kind of like a table corner, right?  

400  
00:32:41,166 --> 00:32:44,333  
两侧都是陡降地形。  
Dropping off on two sides.  

401  
00:32:44,333 --> 00:32:48,233  
单点可聚集多个物种。  
Multiple species can gather at a single site.  

402  
00:32:48,233 --> 00:32:50,966  
最令我震撼的是这些混种群落  
What blows me away about these multi-species aggregation  

403  
00:32:50,966 --> 00:32:54,266  
各有不同的聚集时段。  
is, they all come at slightly different times.  

404  
00:32:54,266 --> 00:32:56,066  
它们的活动周期  
They're all queued up with the lunar cycle,  

405  
00:32:56,066 --> 00:32:59,466  
与月相和季节完美同步。  
with the moon, and with the seasonal cycles.  

406  
00:32:59,466 --> 00:33:03,000  
我要解析这些聚集规律。  
I want to understand and characterize these aggregations.  

407  
00:33:03,000 --> 00:33:04,433  
唯有掌握生态机理  
We've got to know what's going on  

408  
00:33:04,433 --> 00:33:06,566  
才能真正实施保护。  
in order to really protect it.  

409  
00:33:08,666 --> 00:33:10,733  
威尔与肯尼锁定  
Will and Kenny zero in  

410  
00:33:10,733 --> 00:33:14,200  
最可能的岩礁突脊。  
on the most likely outcrops and edges.  

411  
00:33:14,200 --> 00:33:15,700  
无法常驻观测，  
I can't be there all the time,  

412  
00:33:15,700 --> 00:33:18,900  
我们采用遥感技术。  
so we use remote sensing.  

413  
00:33:18,900 --> 00:33:22,233  
他们在繁殖季安置  
They place cameras and microphones to collect data  

414  
00:33:22,233 --> 00:33:24,533  
摄像与录音设备。  
during the breeding season.  

415  
00:33:24,533 --> 00:33:26,000  
数据分析不易，  
That data's not easy to analyze.  

416  
00:33:26,000 --> 00:33:27,933  
耗时良久。  
It takes time.  

417  
00:33:27,933 --> 00:33:30,766  
而我们最缺的就是时间。  
And time is not on our side.  

418  
00:33:35,333 --> 00:33:37,133  
他们另邀  
They also call in an expert  

419  
00:33:37,133 --> 00:33:41,633  
石斑鱼繁殖专家助阵。  
on grouper spawning aggregations.  

420  
00:33:41,633 --> 00:33:45,833  
米歇尔·谢勒博士专攻鱼类声学。  
Dr. Michelle Scharer studies fish acoustics.  

421  
00:33:45,833 --> 00:33:50,033  
我主要研究鱼类发声机制。  
My main interest is in sound production of the fishes.  

422  
00:33:50,033 --> 00:33:52,566  
它们身处充满声音的环境，  
They live in this environment that is full of sound,  

423  
00:33:52,566 --> 00:33:56,500  
相关研究却寥寥无几。  
but very few people actually have studied that.  

424  
00:33:59,100 --> 00:34:01,400  
通过听觉而非视觉  
There's an opportunity there to learn a lot  

425  
00:34:01,400 --> 00:34:03,966  
能更深入理解  
about coral-reef ecology just by listening  

426  
00:34:03,966 --> 00:34:08,600  
珊瑚礁生态。  
and not so much seeing what's going on.  

427  
00:34:08,600 --> 00:34:11,200  
需经专业训练才能  
Took a little bit of training to hold your breath  

428  
00:34:11,200 --> 00:34:14,333  
在水下分辨不同音调  
and actually listen when you're down there to the sounds  

429  
00:34:14,333 --> 00:34:16,966  
与频率的  
and the different pitches  

430  
00:34:16,966 --> 00:34:20,266  
隆隆声响。  
and the different rumbles that are underwater.  

431  
00:34:28,466 --> 00:34:31,300  
我们耳中的嘈杂噪音...  
What sounds like a cacophony to us...  

432  
00:34:32,600 --> 00:34:35,733  
...实则是交流的乐章。  
...is actually a chorus of communication.  

433  
00:34:38,100 --> 00:34:39,900  
鱼类绝对具备听觉，  
Fish can definitely hear.  

434  
00:34:39,900 --> 00:34:41,933  
它们有类似人类的听骨，  
They have ear bones just like we do,  

435  
00:34:41,933 --> 00:34:46,233  
能感知水中振动。  
where they can actually sense those vibrations in the water.  

436  
00:34:49,166 --> 00:34:51,200  
鱼类通过声波  
Basically, fishes are communicating.  

437  
00:34:51,200 --> 00:34:54,633  
发射接收信号  
They are emitting signals and receiving signals  

438  
00:34:54,633 --> 00:34:57,300  
传递求偶、  
that let them know what's going on,  

439  
00:34:57,300 --> 00:34:59,300  
领地与危险信息。  
if they're ready to spawn.  

440  
00:35:04,700 --> 00:35:07,266  
科学家回收数月前  
The scientists collect an underwater recorder  

441  
00:35:07,266 --> 00:35:09,133  
布设的水听器。  
set up months ago.  

442  
00:35:15,566 --> 00:35:17,366  
24小时不间断记录中  
We're recording 24 hours,  

443  
00:35:17,366 --> 00:35:21,300  
每个时刻都有独特声景。  
and there's sounds accompanying all those moments.  

444  
00:35:22,300 --> 00:35:23,566  
音谱极其丰富——  
It sounds spectacular.  

445  
00:35:23,566 --> 00:35:26,166  
从声音数量、多样性  
Just the amount and diversity  

446  
00:35:26,166 --> 00:35:28,266  
到频率分布。  
and the frequencies that we're hearing.  

447  
00:35:30,433 --> 00:35:33,033  
还有各种咕噜声、滴答声  
And there's other little grunts and beeps and boops  

448  
00:35:33,033 --> 00:35:36,566  
来自不同礁居生物。  
that are different organisms that live on the reef.  

449  
00:35:36,566 --> 00:35:39,600  
堪称水下交响乐。  
So I think it sounds pretty cool.  

450  
00:35:39,600 --> 00:35:42,866  
不同物种占据不同频段。  
Different species will have different frequency bands.  

451  
00:35:44,900 --> 00:35:47,233  
-蟾鱼 -是蟾鱼！  
-Toadfish. -Toadfish, oh!  

452  
00:35:49,433 --> 00:35:53,933  
蟾鱼就像吵闹的邻居。  
Toadfish are the noisy neighbors.  

453  
00:35:53,933 --> 00:35:56,466  
松鼠鱼通过咔嗒声交流。  
Squirrelfish communicate in clicks.  

454  
00:36:01,266 --> 00:36:05,000  
石鲷磨牙发声。  
Grunts make sound by grinding their teeth.  

455  
00:36:10,833 --> 00:36:12,800  
蝙蝠鱼发出咩叫。  
A batfish bleats.  

456  
00:36:18,166 --> 00:36:22,066  
米歇尔已破译求偶、  
Michelle has identified fish calls used to court,  

457  
00:36:22,066 --> 00:36:25,766  
护域与示警的  
defend territory, and warn of danger.  

458  
00:36:32,333 --> 00:36:35,833  
特定鱼语。  
Nassau groupers grumpily defend their home.  

459  
00:36:40,366 --> 00:36:43,233  
声波可远距离传播。  
The calls travel long distances.  

460  
00:36:44,433 --> 00:36:48,166  
听觉关乎生存——  
Listening is key to survival.  

461  
00:36:48,166 --> 00:36:50,933  
幼鱼需靠声音导航，  
Baby fish need to hear where they're going  

462  
00:36:50,933 --> 00:36:54,100  
声景指引它们洄游。  
and they use the sound to guide their swimming.  

463  
00:36:54,100 --> 00:36:56,966  
这有助于它们在礁区成长。  
This helps them then grow up on these reefs.  

464  
00:36:59,466 --> 00:37:03,366  
待发育成熟需要繁殖时，  
As they grow and they need to find where to go to spawn,  

465  
00:37:03,366 --> 00:37:06,966  
可凭借声音记忆  
they can rely on sound to find those pathways to meet up  

466  
00:37:06,966 --> 00:37:10,533  
找到产卵场集合路径。  
at the spawning aggregation site when it's time.  

467  
00:37:10,533 --> 00:37:11,833  
刚才有特殊信号。  
I heard something there different.  

468  
00:37:11,833 --> 00:37:13,233  
你也听到了？  
Did you hear it, too?  

469  
00:37:13,233 --> 00:37:14,800  
-嗯？-确实不同  
- Yeah? - Yeah, it's different.  

470  
00:37:14,800 --> 00:37:16,266  
这段录音藏有玄机。  
Okay. There's something in here.  

471  
00:37:16,266 --> 00:37:19,133  
丰富的声景数据  
This rich soundscape helps make the case  

472  
00:37:19,133 --> 00:37:22,833  
为保护王冠礁提供关键依据。  
that the Cayman Crown must be protected.  

473  
00:37:22,833 --> 00:37:27,833  
2020年科学界赢得重大胜利——  
And in 2020, science wins a big victory.  

474  
00:37:27,833 --> 00:37:29,700  
共享该礁区的国家  
The countries sharing the reef  

475  
00:37:29,700 --> 00:37:34,733  
赋予王冠礁保护区地位。  
grant the Crown conservation status.  

476  
00:37:34,733 --> 00:37:36,566  
如今危地马拉境内  
We've protected this reef now.  

477  
00:37:36,566 --> 00:37:38,400  
全境禁捕，  
In Guatemala, it's fully protected.  

478  
00:37:38,400 --> 00:37:41,833  
伯利兹实行严格保护。  
In Belize, it's highly protected.  

479  
00:37:41,833 --> 00:37:43,833  
两国切实履行了保护承诺。  
They've stepped up to the plate and protected it.  

480  
00:37:43,833 --> 00:37:47,966  
这正是我们终极目标：  
So, you know, that was our ultimate goal,  

481  
00:37:47,966 --> 00:37:49,633  
"必须保护这片礁群"  
is, "Hey, we need to protect this,"  

482  
00:37:49,633 --> 00:37:51,966  
如今已成现实。  
and now it's happened.  

483  
00:37:59,400 --> 00:38:02,766  
这只是开始，后续需加强  
This helps, but I think we need to now really work  

484  
00:38:02,766 --> 00:38:08,233  
监管执法确保  
on management and enforcement and do all that we can to ensure  

485  
00:38:08,233 --> 00:38:11,433  
礁区保持生态韧性  
that this reef does have all the elements  

486  
00:38:11,433 --> 00:38:13,433  
与鱼类种群  
that will help it be resilient  

487  
00:38:13,433 --> 00:38:17,066  
不被盗捕。  
and that fish are on the reef and not being taken.  

488  
00:38:20,400 --> 00:38:23,433  
然而保护成果  
And, indeed, the conservation win  

489  
00:38:23,433 --> 00:38:26,166  
转瞬即逝。  
appears short-lived.  

490  
00:38:28,366 --> 00:38:30,833  
米歇尔已发现  
Michelle is already finding evidence  

491  
00:38:30,833 --> 00:38:35,333  
王冠礁危机将至的证据。  
that the Crown's future is in jeopardy.  

492  
00:38:35,333 --> 00:38:37,166  
正值繁殖季——  
It's spawning time,  

493  
00:38:37,166 --> 00:38:40,633  
两年前威尔记录到石斑的时节。  
the same season Will heard groupers two years ago.  

494  
00:38:43,700 --> 00:38:48,000  
如今声景数据异常。  
Now, Michel detects a shift.  

495  
00:38:50,600 --> 00:38:53,366  
石斑叫声锐减。  
We did not hear as many as we would expect.  

496  
00:38:56,733 --> 00:39:01,266  
事态恐有变故。  
So I think there may be something going on.  

497  
00:39:01,266 --> 00:39:04,333  
实际上石斑鱼群  
In fact, the groupers seem to have  

498  
00:39:04,333 --> 00:39:07,100  
几乎从王冠礁绝迹。  
almost disappeared from the Crown.  

499  
00:39:21,733 --> 00:39:25,200  
团队震惊不已。  
The news stuns the team.  

500  
00:39:25,200 --> 00:39:28,600  
渔民已将此视为金矿。  
Fishers have realized that this is a gold mine.  

501  
00:39:28,600 --> 00:39:30,533  
我本不情绪化，  
You know, I'm not an emotional guy,  

502  
00:39:30,533 --> 00:39:33,266  
但此情此景...  
but how do you deal with this?  

503  
00:39:35,466 --> 00:39:39,466  
如何遏制生态退化？  
How do we stop it? How do we stop the degradation?  

504  
00:39:42,433 --> 00:39:46,700  
必有渔民盯上王冠礁。  
Fishers must have been targeting the Crown.  

505  
00:39:46,700 --> 00:39:48,533  
但非本地人所为——  
But it's not the locals.  

506  
00:39:48,533 --> 00:39:50,700  
肯尼长期与社区合作，  
Kenny has been working with him.  

507  
00:39:50,700 --> 00:39:53,733  
确信他们遵守了  
He's confident they are respecting a fishing ban  

508  
00:39:53,733 --> 00:39:55,666  
政府禁捕令。  
the government's put in place.  

509  
00:40:00,166 --> 00:40:02,000  
团队推测盗猎者  
The team suspects the raiders  

510  
00:40:02,000 --> 00:40:05,300  
来自伯利兹与危地马拉境外。  
are from outside Belize and Guatemala.  

511  
00:40:11,100 --> 00:40:14,733  
我们发现渔网、钓线  
We've been seeing nets, fishing line, even starting  

512  
00:40:14,733 --> 00:40:16,800  
甚至嵌进珊瑚的铅坠。  
and batting into the reef.  

513  
00:40:16,800 --> 00:40:19,133  
还有渔船锚具  
I've been seeing anchors that are used  

514  
00:40:19,133 --> 00:40:21,633  
留下的痕迹。  
to moor their boats when they go fishing.  

515  
00:40:21,633 --> 00:40:23,900  
随处可见断裂的珊瑚、  
We've been seeing a lot of broken corals,  

516  
00:40:23,900 --> 00:40:26,266  
撕裂的海绵。  
ripped-out sponges, and stuff like that.  

517  
00:40:26,266 --> 00:40:29,433  
显然渔民为捕捞经济鱼种  
So we know that fishermen are targeting it a lot  

518  
00:40:29,433 --> 00:40:33,100  
大肆破坏。  
for commercial species.  

519  
00:40:33,100 --> 00:40:36,866  
渔线割裂的海绵断面平整。  
A sponge is sliced cleanly by a fishing line.  

520  
00:40:38,933 --> 00:40:42,033  
肯尼与梅拉妮正在拼接证据。  
Kenny and Melanie stitched the pieces together.  

521  
00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:52,233  
但团队力量终有极限。  
But the team can only do so much.  

522  
00:40:55,000 --> 00:40:57,500  
我期待更完善的保护——  
I would like to see more protection.  

523  
00:40:57,500 --> 00:41:00,500  
巡逻艇巡航、  
I would like to see patrol boats out there.  

524  
00:41:00,500 --> 00:41:04,733  
伯利兹、危地马拉与洪都拉斯  
I would like to see Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras  

525  
00:41:04,733 --> 00:41:07,300  
携手守护这些  
working together to protect these resources  

526  
00:41:07,300 --> 00:41:11,100  
维系渔民生计  
that is very vital to fishermen's livelihood  

527  
00:41:11,100 --> 00:41:14,900  
与当地民生的资源。  
and also for the local people.  

528  
00:41:14,900 --> 00:41:16,333  
当前不完善的  
The current protections,  

529  
00:41:16,333 --> 00:41:18,066  
保护机制  
incomplete as they are,  

530  
00:41:18,066 --> 00:41:22,500  
正将礁区守护者置于险境。  
are placing the guardians of the reef at risk.  

531  
00:41:22,500 --> 00:41:24,800  
他们在前线守护  
They're protecting globally important,  

532  
00:41:24,800 --> 00:41:28,933  
全球重要的珍稀资源  
valuable resources on the front line at night,  

533  
00:41:28,933 --> 00:41:31,433  
夜间常遇持枪盗猎者。  
you know, with people coming out there with guns.  

534  
00:41:31,433 --> 00:41:35,100  
这如同守护金矿般危险。  
It's dangerous. This is protecting gold.  

535  
00:41:44,933 --> 00:41:46,433  
形势令人警醒。  
It's really alarming.  

536  
00:41:46,433 --> 00:41:50,100  
必须立即采取行动。  
You know, we need to think about what to -- what to do.  

537  
00:41:52,233 --> 00:41:54,366  
必须恢复鱼类种群。  
We need to bring back our fish.  

538  
00:42:00,033 --> 00:42:03,100  
团队呼吁加强执法时，  
As the team calls for enforcement,  

539  
00:42:03,100 --> 00:42:05,100  
米歇尔思考能否  
Michelle ponders whether groupers  

540  
00:42:05,100 --> 00:42:08,666  
引导石斑重返王冠礁。  
can be lured back to the Crown.  

541  
00:42:08,666 --> 00:42:11,500  
她从北部五小时船程的  
She takes inspiration from the marine sanctuary  

542  
00:42:11,500 --> 00:42:15,466  
格洛弗礁保护区获得灵感。  
of Glover's Reef, five hours north by boat.  

543  
00:42:17,833 --> 00:42:19,900  
过去几年我与迈尔斯合作  
For a few years, I've been collaborating  

544  
00:42:19,900 --> 00:42:22,600  
录制格洛弗礁东北角  
with Myles Phillips, recording the sounds  

545  
00:42:22,600 --> 00:42:26,233  
石斑鱼的声音，  
of the groupers at the northeast point of Glover's,  

546  
00:42:26,233 --> 00:42:28,700  
特别研究拿骚石斑  
specifically listening to the sounds produced  

547  
00:42:28,700 --> 00:42:30,566  
的繁殖信号  
by the Nassau grouper  

548  
00:42:30,566 --> 00:42:34,300  
以预测产卵时机。  
to be able to detect when they are supposed to spawn.  

549  
00:42:36,666 --> 00:42:38,400  
录音显示  
Those recordings suggest  

550  
00:42:38,400 --> 00:42:42,200  
石斑正开始聚集。  
that the groupers are starting to gather.  

551  
00:42:42,200 --> 00:42:44,633  
这些鱼从不同距离  
These fish have to migrate quite a way  

552  
00:42:44,633 --> 00:42:46,700  
远道而来。  
from different distances.  

553  
00:42:46,700 --> 00:42:48,433  
它们需确认路线正确。  
They need to know they're on the right track.  

554  
00:42:48,433 --> 00:42:52,533  
在组成小队向主产卵场移动时  
So communication between them as they form little groups  

555  
00:42:52,533 --> 00:42:54,866  
彼此交流  
and move towards the main aggregation site  

556  
00:42:54,866 --> 00:42:58,133  
至关重要。  
is really important for them.  

557  
00:42:58,133 --> 00:43:01,966  
拿骚石斑多数时间独居，  
Nassau groupers are solitary most of the year.  

558  
00:43:01,966 --> 00:43:06,300  
繁殖季才相聚。  
Reproduction brings them together.  

559  
00:43:06,300 --> 00:43:09,033  
有些跋涉数百英里。  
Some will travel hundreds of miles.  

560  
00:43:24,033 --> 00:43:26,833  
它们在12月至1月  
They arrive in December and January,  

561  
00:43:26,833 --> 00:43:30,966  
加勒比海水最凉时抵达。  
when Caribbean waters are coolest.  

562  
00:43:30,966 --> 00:43:33,533  
开始用特定信号交流——  
They start communicating to each other.  

563  
00:43:33,533 --> 00:43:35,166  
不同行为对应  
They have different signals,  

564  
00:43:35,166 --> 00:43:39,000  
不同"词汇"，  
different languages or different words or vowels  

565  
00:43:39,000 --> 00:43:42,066  
这些特殊"语言"  
for the different behaviors that they conduct only  

566  
00:43:42,066 --> 00:43:43,700  
仅在繁殖期使用。  
when they aggregate to spawn.  

567  
00:43:46,700 --> 00:43:49,733  
它们还通过仪式化动作  
They also communicate with stylized movements  

568  
00:43:49,733 --> 00:43:52,966  
与体色变化交流。  
and shifting patterns on their skin.  

569  
00:43:52,966 --> 00:43:54,066  
平常的条纹体色  
They look cool already.  

570  
00:43:54,066 --> 00:43:55,733  
已很醒目，  
They got their stripes and everything.  

571  
00:43:55,733 --> 00:43:57,366  
但临近产卵时  
But when it's getting close to spawning,  

572  
00:43:57,366 --> 00:43:59,233  
它们像在试装——  
they're, like, trying on different outfits.  

573  
00:43:59,233 --> 00:44:03,166  
有的变白，有的变黑。  
Some turn white, some turn black.  

574  
00:44:03,166 --> 00:44:07,866  
鱼群增多，和声渐强。  
More groupers arrive. The chorus swells in volume.  

575  
00:44:17,866 --> 00:44:23,000  
部分在海底养精蓄锐。  
Some wait on the sea floor, conserving their energy.  

576  
00:44:23,000 --> 00:44:25,400  
它们需在一两夜内  
They need to synchronize to 1 or 2 nights.  

577  
00:44:25,400 --> 00:44:27,966  
同步释放配子，  
Everybody has to have their eggs and their sperm ready  

578  
00:44:27,966 --> 00:44:29,866  
彼此传递信号：  
for that moment.  

579  
00:44:29,866 --> 00:44:31,966  
"是否准备就绪？  
They are communicating, "Are we ready to spawn?  

580  
00:44:31,966 --> 00:44:34,533  
现在可以产卵吗？"  
Do you think we can spawn now?"  

581  
00:44:38,533 --> 00:44:40,300  
随着数量增加，  
As their numbers grow,  

582  
00:44:40,300 --> 00:44:44,633  
它们每晚浮升演练。  
they rise from the sea floor each evening, as if rehearsing.  

583  
00:44:52,366 --> 00:44:54,433  
满月临近时，  
As the full moon approaches,  

584  
00:44:54,433 --> 00:44:58,100  
仪式愈发精妙。  
the performance has become more sophisticated.  

585  
00:44:58,100 --> 00:44:59,366  
最精彩的是  
Where the real fun is,  

586  
00:44:59,366 --> 00:45:02,366  
产卵前的求偶仪式。  
is in the courtship prior to spawning.  

587  
00:45:02,366 --> 00:45:07,033  
每条鱼用独特行为与声音  
Each has their own suite of behaviors and sounds  

588  
00:45:07,033 --> 00:45:11,933  
共谱求偶之舞。  
that all come together into this courtship dance.  

589  
00:45:14,733 --> 00:45:16,400  
准备就绪时，  
If they are ready,  

590  
00:45:16,400 --> 00:45:19,900  
会换上统一"礼服"。  
they change into matching costumes.  

591  
00:45:19,900 --> 00:45:21,566  
临近产卵时刻，  
But as you get closer to spawning,  

592  
00:45:21,566 --> 00:45:24,966  
它们选择如晚礼服般的  
they all choose this tuxedo, it looks like to me --  

593  
00:45:24,966 --> 00:45:27,500  
黑白相间体色——  
black, black, black, with a bar over the eye,  

594  
00:45:27,500 --> 00:45:28,633  
白腹黑背。  
and a white belly.  

595  
00:45:28,633 --> 00:45:32,366  
我们称为双色态。  
We call it bicolor phase.  

596  
00:45:34,400 --> 00:45:36,600  
宛如歌舞杂耍——  
It's like a vaudeville act.  

597  
00:45:36,600 --> 00:45:40,933  
雄鱼争夺雌鱼，喧哗不休。  
Males fighting over females, making sounds at each other.  

598  
00:45:45,266 --> 00:45:48,600  
雄鱼环绕雌鱼角力。  
Males wrestle around the females.  

599  
00:45:48,600 --> 00:45:50,066  
声浪渐高。  
The noise builds.  

600  
00:45:51,900 --> 00:45:56,033  
但夜复一夜，引而不发。  
But night after night, they hold back.  

601  
00:46:02,466 --> 00:46:06,100  
直到某夜温度适宜、  
Then, one night, the temperature is right.  

602  
00:46:06,100 --> 00:46:08,300  
月光正好、  
The moonlight is right.  

603  
00:46:08,300 --> 00:46:12,566  
最关键的是鱼群达到临界数量，  
Most importantly, there's a critical mass of fish.  

604  
00:46:12,566 --> 00:46:15,766  
和声达到高潮。  
The chorus reaches a crescendo.  

605  
00:46:23,300 --> 00:46:27,733  
继而万籁俱寂——  
Then, silence.  

606  
00:46:27,733 --> 00:46:30,733  
产卵开始了。  
Spawning has begun.  

607  
00:46:57,866 --> 00:46:59,966  
这些岬角如同  
These are the volcanoes of reproduction  

608  
00:46:59,966 --> 00:47:03,700  
整个区域的生殖火山。  
for the entire region.  

609  
00:47:03,700 --> 00:47:05,800  
鱼群聚集于此，  
All of these fish coming all together  

610  
00:47:05,800 --> 00:47:08,500  
借助上升流与涡旋  
at these promontories, currents that are upwelling  

611  
00:47:08,500 --> 00:47:10,200  
将生命种子  
and shooting by there and creating  

612  
00:47:10,200 --> 00:47:11,966  
远播四方，  
and captured in gyres,  

613  
00:47:11,966 --> 00:47:17,033  
维系着加勒比海盆的  
some shooting way long distances to seed other places.  

614  
00:47:17,033 --> 00:47:19,400  
大规模生态连通。  
That is the large-scale connectivity  

615  
00:47:19,400 --> 00:47:22,100  
throughout this entire wider Caribbean basin.  

616  
00:47:35,066 --> 00:47:38,033  
格洛弗礁的盛况  
The mating spectacle at Glover's most likely  

617  
00:47:38,033 --> 00:47:40,400  
昔日必现于王冠礁。  
used to take place at the Crown.  

618  
00:47:43,100 --> 00:47:47,300  
能否借科学之力重现辉煌？  
Could it happen here again with a helping hand?  

619  
00:47:47,300 --> 00:47:52,000  
米歇尔制定计划：用格洛弗礁录音  
Michelle hatches a plan to use sound recordings from Glover's  

620  
00:47:52,000 --> 00:47:55,433  
吸引石斑回归。  
to attract groupers to the Crown.  

621  
00:47:55,433 --> 00:47:58,600  
若附近尚有残存鱼群，  
If there are fish nearby, whatever's left,  

622  
00:47:58,600 --> 00:48:01,366  
能否重建  
can we actually make them recover  

623  
00:48:01,366 --> 00:48:04,266  
这颗明珠昔日的繁殖盛况？  
that spawning aggregation that once was at the jewel?  

624  
00:48:04,266 --> 00:48:05,966  
-我很好奇 -何不  
- I'm curious. - How about  

625  
00:48:05,966 --> 00:48:08,400  
放置扬声器播放这些声音，  
we put out loudspeakers and play these sounds  

626  
00:48:08,400 --> 00:48:11,100  
尝试吸引  
and see if we can attract whatever's left  

627  
00:48:11,100 --> 00:48:13,533  
残存的鱼群？  
of what used to be the aggregation at the jewel?  

628  
00:48:13,533 --> 00:48:14,766  
-好 -这将是  
- Okay. - This would be  

629  
00:48:14,766 --> 00:48:17,133  
首次尝试召唤  
the first try to attract fish  

630  
00:48:17,133 --> 00:48:19,966  
那些可能因数量锐减  
that maybe are still there, but they've lost their cues  

631  
00:48:19,966 --> 00:48:22,166  
而迷失方向的鱼群。  
because there's only a few fish left.  

632  
00:48:22,166 --> 00:48:26,333  
若它们识别这些声音，  
So if we play back these sounds and they recognize them,  

633  
00:48:26,333 --> 00:48:29,066  
或许会重归故地。  
maybe they'll come back to the aggregation site.  

634  
00:48:31,500 --> 00:48:35,733  
这并非天方夜谭——  
It's not such a wild idea.  

635  
00:48:35,733 --> 00:48:40,200  
澳大利亚曾用声音引导幼鱼  
In Australia, sound recordings were used to lure baby fish  

636  
00:48:40,200 --> 00:48:42,633  
定居修复中的礁群。  
to settle on a recovering reef.  

637  
00:48:47,666 --> 00:48:52,533  
米歇尔与肯尼在王冠礁测试水下扬声器。  
Michelle and Kenny test an underwater speaker at the Crown.  

638  
00:48:52,533 --> 00:48:56,033  
首要任务是测定声波传播范围。  
The first step is to gauge how far the sound travels.  

639  
00:49:01,466 --> 00:49:03,733  
若实验成功，  
If the experiment works,  

640  
00:49:03,733 --> 00:49:09,133  
或能重启王冠礁渔业资源复苏。  
it could jumpstart the recovery of fisheries at the Crown.  

641  
00:49:12,466 --> 00:49:14,733  
但复苏同样依赖  
But recovery will also depend  

642  
00:49:14,733 --> 00:49:18,933  
禁渔令的严格执行。  
on staunch enforcement of the fishing ban.  

643  
00:49:24,600 --> 00:49:27,133  
石斑种群可恢复——  
Groupers can recover.  

644  
00:49:27,133 --> 00:49:29,600  
开曼群岛两处产卵场  
Strict protection of two aggregations  

645  
00:49:29,600 --> 00:49:30,900  
严格保护下  
in the Cayman Islands  

646  
00:49:30,900 --> 00:49:36,100  
十年内数量翻三倍。  
tripled their numbers in under a decade.  

647  
00:49:36,100 --> 00:49:38,233  
团队聆听着水下  
The team listens to the grouper calls  

648  
00:49:38,233 --> 00:49:41,000  
传来的石斑呼唤，  
coming from the speakers below.  

649  
00:49:41,000 --> 00:49:43,666  
期待奇迹发生。  
They anticipate what might happen.  

650  
00:49:53,133 --> 00:49:55,833  
想象数百条鱼浮升发声的盛况  
Imagine hundreds of them coming up and "Kkkkkk,"  

651  
00:49:55,833 --> 00:49:58,766  
共振共鸣。  
just making that thing happen.  

652  
00:49:58,766 --> 00:50:00,766  
听这声音。  
Oh, listen to that.  

653  
00:50:00,766 --> 00:50:03,100  
只需一条领头，  
I guess it takes one first one to go off,  

654  
00:50:03,100 --> 00:50:04,833  
余者便会跟随。  
and then everybody follows in queue.  

655  
00:50:04,833 --> 00:50:06,066  
就像舞会上  
They see one person go to the dance,  

656  
00:50:06,066 --> 00:50:08,033  
有人带头就全员加入。  
where they're like, "That's it."  

657  
00:50:08,033 --> 00:50:10,333  
-嗯 -正是  
- Mm-hmm. - Yeah.  

658  
00:50:18,266 --> 00:50:20,166  
王冠礁的发现  
When the Crown was discovered,  

659  
00:50:20,166 --> 00:50:22,466  
重燃了人们对  
it sparked a sense of hope  

660  
00:50:22,466 --> 00:50:27,533  
加勒比珊瑚礁未来的希望。  
that the Caribbean's embattled coral reefs may not be doomed.  

661  
00:50:27,533 --> 00:50:34,033  
更让曾经的对手携手合作。  
And it has brought once unlikely allies together.  

662  
00:50:34,033 --> 00:50:37,933  
渔民观念正在巨变——  
It's gonna be a huge change to have fishermen  

663  
00:50:37,933 --> 00:50:41,433  
积极保护资源  
thinking on a positive note to protect these resources  

664  
00:50:41,433 --> 00:50:44,066  
促进生态恢复。  
so they could replenish the areas.  

665  
00:50:49,066 --> 00:50:51,266  
团队探索保护  
The team's success in exploring  

666  
00:50:51,266 --> 00:50:53,933  
自然奇观的成就  
and protecting this natural wonder  

667  
00:50:53,933 --> 00:50:58,633  
激励他们继续前行。  
has given them encouragement to carry on.  

668  
00:50:58,633 --> 00:51:01,933  
我们重燃热情与希望，  
We all get refreshed, and our enthusiasm  

669  
00:51:01,933 --> 00:51:04,566  
坚信只要坚持  
and our hope for what we're doing, that it --  

670  
00:51:04,566 --> 00:51:05,900  
终将成功。  
we can succeed  

671  
00:51:05,900 --> 00:51:08,100  
这就是我们的使命。  
and we will succeed if we keep pushing.  

672  
00:51:08,100 --> 00:51:12,533  
So that's what we do.  

673  
00:51:12,533 --> 00:51:15,100  
王冠礁自身也展现出  
The Crown itself has also demonstrated  

674  
00:51:15,100 --> 00:51:17,366  
惊人韧性。  
a remarkable resilience.  

675  
00:51:21,333 --> 00:51:26,133  
守护之战才刚刚开始。  
And the fight for its future has only just begun.  

676  
00:51:28,066 --> 00:51:31,133  
我见证过生态复苏。  
I've seen places recover.  

677  
00:51:31,133 --> 00:51:33,300  
只要人类心怀善意、  
If we're -- If we're gentle, if we're good,  

678  
00:51:33,300 --> 00:51:37,066  
认知价值，  
if we realize the value,  

679  
00:51:37,066 --> 00:51:38,500  
这些生态必能  
these places are resilient.  

680  
00:51:38,500 --> 00:51:41,966  
重焕生机。  
These places can come back.  

681  
00:51:41,966 --> 00:51:44,466  
这正是我坚守的希望。  
And that's why I maintain hope.  

682  
00:51:58,000 --> 00:52:00,966  
这希望绝非微光——  
It's not even a little ray of hope.  

683  
00:52:00,966 --> 00:52:03,933  
王冠礁如同  
This place is huge. It's like --  

684  
00:52:03,933 --> 00:52:06,766  
穿云而出的朝阳。  
It's like seeing the sun spilling out of the clouds.  

685  
00:53:03,200 --> 00:53:06,600  
了解更多节目内容  
To learn more about what you've seen on this "Nature" program,  

686  
00:53:06,600 --> 00:53:08,533  
请访问pbs.org  
visit pbs.org.