1 00:00:01,951 --> 00:00:06,463 非洲南部荒野生机勃勃 The wilds of southern Africa teem with life. 2 00:00:06,540 --> 00:00:08,966 多数人眼中的非洲象征 While most consider big cats 3 00:00:09,043 --> 00:00:10,801 是猛兽或巨象 Or huge tuskers 4 00:00:10,878 --> 00:00:13,804 As the true wild icons of Africa; 5 00:00:15,224 --> 00:00:17,725 却鲜少有人关注 Few appreciate the smaller creatures 6 00:00:17,801 --> 00:00:19,810 这片土地真正的主宰者 That dominate the land 7 00:00:19,887 --> 00:00:22,062 ——羚羊 The antelope. 8 00:00:22,273 --> 00:00:24,064 它们的生存史诗 They too have rich stories 9 00:00:24,141 --> 00:00:27,026 同样充满每日为生存的挣扎 Filled with the daily struggle to survive. 10 00:00:30,406 --> 00:00:34,074 错综复杂的考验与磨难 An intricate array of trials and tribulations, 11 00:00:34,160 --> 00:00:37,494 核心是觅食与繁衍 Centered on the need to feed and breed. 12 00:00:39,823 --> 00:00:42,583 虽故事同样精彩 With stories no less compelling, 13 00:00:42,659 --> 00:00:44,043 却鲜被传颂 They're rarely told. 14 00:00:45,913 --> 00:00:50,424 其中两种羚羊数量最为庞大 Of these, two antelope outnumber all others - 15 00:00:50,501 --> 00:00:51,917 跳羚 Springbok 16 00:00:51,927 --> 00:00:53,835 与黑斑羚 And impala. 17 00:00:53,846 --> 00:00:56,421 对两者而言 For both, life in the herd 18 00:00:56,432 --> 00:00:58,766 群居是成功的关键 Is critical to their success. 19 00:01:34,962 --> 00:01:38,138 非洲南部漫长的慵懒夏日 The long lazy days of summer in southern Africa 20 00:01:38,307 --> 00:01:40,474 即将结束 Are coming to an end. 21 00:01:44,221 --> 00:01:47,397 尽管气候逐渐凉爽 While conditions are cooling down however, 22 00:01:47,474 --> 00:01:51,810 丛林里的关系却日渐火热 Relationships in the bush are heating up. 23 00:01:51,821 --> 00:01:53,562 发情期来临 It's the rut - 24 00:01:53,572 --> 00:01:55,739 黑斑羚的交配季节 Mating season for impala. 25 00:01:57,734 --> 00:01:59,734 每年此时 At this time of the year, 26 00:01:59,745 --> 00:02:01,829 雄性会为配偶而战 Males fight each other for mates. 27 00:02:12,591 --> 00:02:16,751 既要击退对手又要追逐雌性 Between fighting off rivals and chasing down females, 28 00:02:16,762 --> 00:02:18,512 生活实属不易 Life is tough. 29 00:02:19,590 --> 00:02:21,089 进食时间所剩无几 There's little time for eating 30 00:02:21,100 --> 00:02:24,143 雄性很快变得虚弱 And males quickly lose condition. 31 00:02:32,853 --> 00:02:37,114 这是一年中最艰难也最重要的时期 This is the toughest time of the year and the most important, 32 00:02:37,191 --> 00:02:41,702 因为只有胜者才能获得交配权 Because only the winners will go on to mate. 33 00:02:51,422 --> 00:02:56,216 非洲南部平原遍布羚羊 The plains of southern Africa teem with antelope. 34 00:02:56,427 --> 00:03:00,179 这里的羚羊种类居各大洲之冠 There are more species here than on any other continent. 35 00:03:06,303 --> 00:03:10,230 体型小至仅如家猫的 These range in size from tiny duikers and steenbok 36 00:03:10,307 --> 00:03:13,233 小羚羊与石羚 Weighing about as much as a domestic cat 37 00:03:13,444 --> 00:03:15,235 大至堪比壮牛的 To massive eland 38 00:03:15,312 --> 00:03:19,898 That are the size and weight of a large cow. 39 00:03:19,909 --> 00:03:23,160 从森林到沙漠 From forests to deserts, 40 00:03:23,237 --> 00:03:27,915 羚羊是生态环境的基石 Antelope are the backbone of the environment. 41 00:03:27,991 --> 00:03:31,084 但无论体型大小 But no matter whether they're big or small, 42 00:03:31,161 --> 00:03:33,578 所有种类都是食草动物 All species are herbivores 43 00:03:33,589 --> 00:03:35,839 因而与当地 And therefore are closely tied 44 00:03:35,916 --> 00:03:39,593 环境条件息息相关 To the prevailing environmental conditions. 45 00:03:44,350 --> 00:03:48,927 温暖印度洋的湿润季风 Fed by moist winds blowing in across the warm Indian Ocean, 46 00:03:48,938 --> 00:03:51,271 为东部带来丰沛降雨 The east receives lots of rain - 47 00:03:51,482 --> 00:03:54,274 年均近40英寸 Almost 40 inches a year - 48 00:03:54,351 --> 00:03:58,612 孕育出茂密植被 And is covered in thick lush vegetation. 49 00:03:58,689 --> 00:04:01,281 而西部地区较为干旱 Meanwhile, the western parts are drier 50 00:04:01,492 --> 00:04:05,035 年降雨量不足20英寸 Receiving less than 20 inches of rain a year 51 00:04:05,112 --> 00:04:09,248 半荒漠环境占据主导 And semi-desert environments dominate the landscape. 52 00:04:11,502 --> 00:04:13,210 水源稀缺 Water is scarce 53 00:04:13,287 --> 00:04:17,297 食物常有限且难觅 And food is often limited and difficult to find. 54 00:04:17,424 --> 00:04:20,759 干旱频发且严酷 Droughts here are regular and severe. 55 00:04:28,135 --> 00:04:31,937 气温常超华氏100度 Temperatures regularly soar over a hundred degrees. 56 00:04:37,152 --> 00:04:40,979 此地的动植物皆具特殊适应性 And every plant and animal living here is specially adapted 57 00:04:40,990 --> 00:04:45,284 以克服严苛环境的挑战 To overcome the rigors imposed by the conditions. 58 00:04:54,837 --> 00:04:59,256 而东部地区环境更为宜人 Meanwhile the eastern parts of the region are more congenial; 59 00:04:59,333 --> 00:05:02,843 湿润草原跃动着生命 Moist savannas pulsating with life dominate. 60 00:05:09,843 --> 00:05:13,762 这里湿度较高且不过热 It's more humid and not overly hot 61 00:05:13,772 --> 00:05:16,848 气温常年舒适维持在85华氏度左右 With temperatures hovering pleasantly in the mid eighties 62 00:05:16,859 --> 00:05:18,317 Year round. 63 00:05:21,938 --> 00:05:25,032 植被葱郁茂盛 The vegetation is lush and green. 64 00:05:26,118 --> 00:05:28,035 大多数情况下 More often than not 65 00:05:28,111 --> 00:05:30,746 食物资源充足 There is plenty of food to go around. 66 00:05:41,041 --> 00:05:43,041 在这片大陆分界线上 Across this continental divide 67 00:05:43,052 --> 00:05:46,386 有两种羚羊尤为繁盛 Two species of antelope in particular thrive. 68 00:05:46,463 --> 00:05:49,222 在东部葱郁的林间草原 In the lush wooded savannas of the east 69 00:05:49,299 --> 00:05:53,977 黑斑羚食性广泛且极为成功 Impala eat a broad diet and are incredibly successful. 70 00:05:54,054 --> 00:05:56,396 其总数估计超过 Their total population has been estimated 71 00:05:56,473 --> 00:05:59,358 两百万头 At more than two million individuals. 72 00:06:02,071 --> 00:06:05,280 唯有一种羚羊数量更胜 Only one antelope outnumbers them - 73 00:06:06,533 --> 00:06:09,159 跳羚 The springbok. 74 00:06:09,236 --> 00:06:12,237 超过两百五十万头 More than two-and-a-half million individuals 75 00:06:12,247 --> 00:06:15,874 栖息在西部干旱平原 Range across the dry open plains of the west. 76 00:06:20,747 --> 00:06:23,423 它们能在此称霸 Here they dominate thanks in part to their ability 77 00:06:23,500 --> 00:06:26,426 部分归功于极端条件下 To eke out a meal even in the toughest conditions 78 00:06:26,503 --> 00:06:30,389 仍能觅食的能力 And they feed on just about any greenery they find. 79 00:06:32,017 --> 00:06:33,850 这两种羚羊 Together these two species 80 00:06:33,927 --> 00:06:38,438 是非洲最成功的群居动物 Are the most successful herd-living animals in Africa. 81 00:06:38,515 --> 00:06:42,109 群居行为始于末次冰期后 Herding behavior evolved following the last ice age, 82 00:06:42,185 --> 00:06:46,446 随大陆森林消退而形成 As the forests covering the continent receded. 83 00:06:46,523 --> 00:06:50,117 动物首次踏上新生的草原 Animals moved out onto the new grassy plains 84 00:06:50,193 --> 00:06:51,943 For the first time. 85 00:06:51,954 --> 00:06:55,122 体型增大且活动范围扩展 They grew larger and began to cover greater distances 86 00:06:55,198 --> 00:06:57,124 以寻找食物 In search of food. 87 00:06:57,960 --> 00:06:59,451 个体开始需要 And it became important 88 00:06:59,461 --> 00:07:01,953 通过群居来 For individuals to stick together in herds 89 00:07:01,964 --> 00:07:04,456 便于寻找配偶 So that they could easily find mates 90 00:07:04,466 --> 00:07:07,968 并更好抵御天敌 And better protect themselves against predators. 91 00:07:10,046 --> 00:07:11,880 尽管数量庞大 Despite their abundance, 92 00:07:11,890 --> 00:07:16,476 跳羚与黑斑羚几乎从不同域而居 Springbok and impala almost never occur in the same habitat 93 00:07:16,553 --> 00:07:19,980 大致遵循干湿分界线 And roughly follow the dry-wet divide. 94 00:07:23,402 --> 00:07:24,985 若没有它们 Without them 95 00:07:25,061 --> 00:07:28,280 非洲将截然不同 Africa would be a very different place. 96 00:07:37,407 --> 00:07:39,824 南非干旱腹地坐落着 In the arid heartland of South Africa 97 00:07:39,835 --> 00:07:46,256 22万英亩的卡鲁国家公园 Lies the 220,000 acre Karoo National Park. 98 00:07:46,333 --> 00:07:49,926 这是南非最壮观的公园之一 This is one of the country's most spectacular parks 99 00:07:50,003 --> 00:07:52,253 横跨纽维尔德山脉 Draped across the Nuweveld Mountains 100 00:07:52,264 --> 00:07:54,339 山脉从平原拔地而起 That rise from open plains 101 00:07:54,349 --> 00:07:58,768 数百万年前曾是内海 Which millions of years ago were an inland sea. 102 00:08:06,111 --> 00:08:09,529 这里的生物皆具特殊适应能力 Just about every animal living here is specially adapted 103 00:08:09,698 --> 00:08:13,408 以应对脱水环境 To surviving the desiccating conditions. 104 00:08:20,617 --> 00:08:22,534 一小群跳羚 A small herd of springbok 105 00:08:22,544 --> 00:08:26,755 正在灌木平原的贫瘠土地上觅食 Is grazing across the meager landscape of the scrubby plains. 106 00:08:32,679 --> 00:08:35,046 跳羚是小型羚羊 Springbok are small gazelles 107 00:08:35,057 --> 00:08:38,558 肩高约27至35英寸 Standing roughly 27 to 35 inches at the shoulder 108 00:08:38,635 --> 00:08:42,479 体重可达100磅 And weighing up to 100 pounds. 109 00:08:46,735 --> 00:08:48,568 它们耐力惊人 They're hardy characters 110 00:08:48,779 --> 00:08:52,489 能熬过最严重的旱灾 Capable of suffering through even the toughest of droughts. 111 00:08:58,163 --> 00:09:01,581 19世纪末穿越卡鲁的旅人记载 Travelers through the Karoo during the late 1800s 112 00:09:01,667 --> 00:09:05,252 曾见迁徙跳羚的庞大兽群 Wrote of gigantic herds of migrating springbok 113 00:09:05,328 --> 00:09:10,590 数量之多需整日才能过完 So numerous they took all day to pass their camps. 114 00:09:10,759 --> 00:09:14,594 它们横跨干旱平原长途跋涉 These would move vast distances across the arid plains 115 00:09:14,721 --> 00:09:17,013 利用该地区 Taking advantage of the unpredictable 116 00:09:17,090 --> 00:09:19,558 多变且不可预测的降雨 And variable rainfall of the region. 117 00:09:24,439 --> 00:09:28,191 此般盛景已成往事 These great congregations are a thing of the past. 118 00:09:28,268 --> 00:09:29,934 现代社会中 In modern times 119 00:09:29,945 --> 00:09:33,613 农业阻断了古老迁徙路线 Farming has disrupted ancient migration routes. 120 00:09:33,824 --> 00:09:35,189 在卡鲁地区 And in the Karoo, 121 00:09:35,200 --> 00:09:38,201 跳羚仅以小群 Springbok are relegated to small herds 122 00:09:38,278 --> 00:09:40,579 零散分布 Sprinkled across the landscape. 123 00:09:46,712 --> 00:09:48,628 向东300英里 300 miles east 124 00:09:48,755 --> 00:09:51,039 在著名的克鲁格国家公园 In the world-famous Kruger National Park 125 00:09:51,049 --> 00:09:53,633 位于该国湿润东部 In the wetter eastern parts of the country 126 00:09:53,719 --> 00:09:58,471 一群黑斑羚正穿行于茂密植被 A herd of impala is picking its way through the lush vegetation. 127 00:10:01,384 --> 00:10:03,602 生活截然不同 Life is very different. 128 00:10:05,981 --> 00:10:08,648 当地人称其为"克鲁格" The Kruger, as it is fondly known to locals, 129 00:10:08,734 --> 00:10:12,310 是广袤的稀树草原带 Is a gigantic swath of savanna bushveld 130 00:10:12,321 --> 00:10:14,654 面积近500万英亩 Stretching almost 5-million acres 131 00:10:14,781 --> 00:10:17,907 沿南非东北边境延伸 Along the north eastern border of South Africa. 以下是严格按照要求翻译的中英双语字幕（中文在前，英文在后，时间轴完全对应）： 132 00:10:20,746 --> 00:10:23,079 全球最大最成功的 One of the largest and most successful 133 00:10:23,156 --> 00:10:26,491 野生动物保护区之一 Wildlife reserves anywhere on earth; 134 00:10:26,501 --> 00:10:29,544 克鲁格公园生机盎然 Kruger is crowded with animals. 135 00:10:33,091 --> 00:10:35,258 食物充沛 Food is plentiful 136 00:10:35,335 --> 00:10:39,170 大象长颈鹿等大型食草动物 And giant herbivores such as elephants and giraffes 137 00:10:39,181 --> 00:10:42,682 在高处采食枝叶时 Pick from the top branches of the trees while at their feet 138 00:10:42,768 --> 00:10:46,519 其他成群觅食者 Great herds of other browsers and grazers 139 00:10:46,596 --> 00:10:49,230 正在地面穿梭觅食 Pick their way through the landscape. 140 00:10:55,781 --> 00:10:57,522 这里还栖息着 It's also home 141 00:10:57,532 --> 00:11:00,659 非洲最密集的掠食者种群 To some of the highest densities of predators in Africa. 142 00:11:16,793 --> 00:11:19,302 超过十万头黑斑羚 More than a hundred thousand impala 143 00:11:19,379 --> 00:11:21,971 在密林中啃食枝叶 Munch their way through the thick bush. 144 00:11:30,899 --> 00:11:32,982 黑斑羚比跳羚高大 Impala are taller than springbok, 145 00:11:33,059 --> 00:11:35,735 肩高近三英尺 Standing almost three feet high at the shoulder 146 00:11:35,946 --> 00:11:39,030 体重可达170磅 And weighing up to 170 pounds. 147 00:12:00,336 --> 00:12:03,171 充沛的食物水源 With so much food and water available 148 00:12:03,181 --> 00:12:06,266 孕育出多样食草动物 A host of other browsers prosper. 149 00:12:12,849 --> 00:12:15,984 一小群捻角羚正在附近觅食 A small family of kudu browses nearby. 150 00:12:21,867 --> 00:12:26,327 捻角羚常与黑斑羚结成松散混合群 Together kudu and impala often form loose mixed herds. 151 00:12:29,532 --> 00:12:32,500 这种聚集确有优势 These aggregations do have some benefit. 152 00:12:34,129 --> 00:12:37,130 在肉食者主宰的世界 In a world controlled by carnivores, 153 00:12:37,207 --> 00:12:42,552 近半数黑斑羚死于掠食 With almost half of all impala deaths caused by predators, 154 00:12:42,629 --> 00:12:45,630 警戒的眼睛越多 The more eyes on the lookout, 155 00:12:45,640 --> 00:12:46,723 生存率越高 The better. 156 00:12:54,900 --> 00:12:59,819 掠食者也活跃在南部非洲干旱平原 Predators also range across the arid plains of southern Africa. 157 00:12:59,896 --> 00:13:03,564 但这里的动物既要躲避酷暑 But animals here worry as much about avoiding the heat 158 00:13:03,575 --> 00:13:05,325 寻找食物 And finding enough food 159 00:13:05,401 --> 00:13:07,535 也要防范天敌 As they do about being eaten. 160 00:13:09,247 --> 00:13:10,830 在南非、纳米比亚 Where the borders of South Africa, 161 00:13:11,041 --> 00:13:13,241 与博茨瓦纳交界处 Namibia and Botswana meet 162 00:13:13,251 --> 00:13:18,421 坐落着西部干旱区标志性保护区 Is one of the dry western regions' most iconic reserves. 163 00:13:18,498 --> 00:13:20,632 卡拉哈迪跨境公园 The Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. 164 00:13:23,920 --> 00:13:26,805 跳羚是这里最常见的羚羊 Springbok are the most common antelope here. 165 00:13:29,518 --> 00:13:31,851 夏季炎热难耐 During summer it's hot - 166 00:13:31,978 --> 00:13:36,648 正午常超100华氏度 With midday temperatures over 100 degrees more often than not. 167 00:13:40,987 --> 00:13:43,655 跳羚适应性极强 Springbok fare better than most. 168 00:13:49,204 --> 00:13:52,363 几乎见啥吃啥 They eat pretty much anything they find, 169 00:13:52,374 --> 00:13:55,875 根据环境在青草、灌木 Switching between grass and herbaceous shrubs and succulents 170 00:13:55,952 --> 00:13:57,585 与多肉植物间切换 As dictated by the conditions. 171 00:14:01,299 --> 00:14:05,343 这头年轻雄羚正刨食河床嫩芽 This young male is pawing up fresh shoots from the riverbed. 172 00:14:09,474 --> 00:14:11,641 饱餐之后 Once he's eaten his fill 173 00:14:11,718 --> 00:14:14,727 它走向阴凉处消化 He heads for the shade to digest his meal. 174 00:14:19,818 --> 00:14:23,152 跳羚是避暑高手 Springbok are masters at avoiding the heat. 175 00:14:25,982 --> 00:14:28,399 它们将白色臀部朝向太阳 They face their white rumps to the sun 176 00:14:28,410 --> 00:14:31,244 减少吸热量 Reducing the amount of heat absorbed. 177 00:14:31,321 --> 00:14:33,913 白色腹部也能减少 White underbellies also absorb less of the heat 178 00:14:33,990 --> 00:14:36,416 地面辐射的热量 Radiating up from the ground below. 179 00:14:39,671 --> 00:14:44,749 它们还会躲阴凉避酷暑 And they seek out shade to avoid the roasting conditions. 180 00:14:44,759 --> 00:14:48,469 在金合欢树荫下聚集另有好处 Gathering in the shade of these acacias has another benefit. 181 00:14:50,340 --> 00:14:52,932 跳羚食用掉落豆荚 Springbok eat the fallen seed pods 182 00:14:53,009 --> 00:14:55,935 这是艰苦环境中 And this is a valuable source of nutrition for them 183 00:14:56,021 --> 00:14:57,845 宝贵的营养来源 In tough conditions. 184 00:15:00,683 --> 00:15:04,694 树木依赖跳羚传播种子 The tree relies on the springbok to disperse their seeds. 185 00:15:06,439 --> 00:15:09,282 豆荚含有坚硬种子 The pods contain extremely tough seeds 186 00:15:09,359 --> 00:15:12,368 能抵抗跳羚消化系统 That are resistant to the springboks' digestive system. 187 00:15:18,877 --> 00:15:20,785 当跳羚离开时 As the springbok move off 188 00:15:20,795 --> 00:15:23,880 它们携带种子 They carry the seeds with them before eventually 189 00:15:23,957 --> 00:15:25,381 最终排泄到别处 Depositing them elsewhere 190 00:15:25,458 --> 00:15:27,967 在营养丰富的粪堆中 In a nutrient rich pile of droppings - 191 00:15:28,044 --> 00:15:31,471 给种子萌发创造条件 Giving the seed every chance of germinating. 192 00:15:40,056 --> 00:15:41,722 但聚集树荫避暑 But one drawback 193 00:15:41,733 --> 00:15:44,809 有个弊端 Of avoiding heat stress by gathering in the trees 194 00:15:44,819 --> 00:15:46,310 狭窄空间 Is that the close confines 195 00:15:46,321 --> 00:15:48,947 更易遭掠食者猎杀 Make it easier for predators to hunt them. 196 00:15:53,119 --> 00:15:57,822 独行猎豹正潜行干河道 A lone cheetah is stalking down the dry riverbed. 197 00:15:57,832 --> 00:15:59,999 它们是陆上速度之王 They're the fastest terrestrial mammal 198 00:16:00,210 --> 00:16:03,911 短距冲刺时速达70英里 And can reach speeds of up to 70 miles an hour 199 00:16:03,922 --> 00:16:05,672 For short distances. 200 00:16:08,426 --> 00:16:10,835 跳羚已察觉其逼近 The springbok have seen his approach. 201 00:16:10,845 --> 00:16:13,429 距离尚远不必惊慌 He's still far away so they're not concerned. 202 00:16:15,225 --> 00:16:16,849 只要提前起跑 They have the edge 203 00:16:16,926 --> 00:16:20,228 它们就有优势 As long as they get a head start on the cat. 204 00:16:26,686 --> 00:16:29,988 附近狐獴家族则不安 Nearby a meerkat family is not so sure. 205 00:16:32,358 --> 00:16:35,034 狐獴体长10-12英寸 Meerkats are 10 to 12 inches long 206 00:16:35,120 --> 00:16:37,453 重约2磅多 And weigh a little over 2 pounds. 207 00:16:39,866 --> 00:16:42,041 是猛禽与地面掠食者 They're prime targets for raptors 208 00:16:42,168 --> 00:16:44,877 的理想猎物 And a host of ground dwelling predators 209 00:16:44,954 --> 00:16:47,714 包括猎豹 Including the cheetah. 210 00:16:47,790 --> 00:16:51,050 它们无法像跳羚般逃脱 They can't outrun cheetahs like the springbok can, 211 00:16:53,138 --> 00:16:56,014 遇险时依赖地洞 So they rely on burrows when threatened. 212 00:16:57,809 --> 00:17:02,061 与羚羊相同 警惕是关键 Just like the antelope, vigilance is key. 213 00:17:02,138 --> 00:17:03,888 家族部署哨兵 The family deploys sentries 214 00:17:03,898 --> 00:17:06,899 防范突袭 To make sure they're not taken by surprise. 215 00:17:06,976 --> 00:17:08,985 其他成员得以 This allows the rest of the family 216 00:17:09,062 --> 00:17:11,029 安心觅食 To root around for food below. 217 00:17:12,490 --> 00:17:14,073 连地松鼠也 Even the ground squirrels 218 00:17:14,159 --> 00:17:17,285 利用邻居的预警系统 Take advantage of their neighbors' early warning system. 219 00:17:27,747 --> 00:17:31,549 不同威胁有专属警报声 Each threat has its own unique call. 220 00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:40,007 哨兵发出警告 The sentry sounds a warning 221 00:17:40,018 --> 00:17:42,351 家族迅速钻洞 And the family scurries below. 222 00:17:49,936 --> 00:17:53,696 稍大的黄猫鼬是近亲 A close relative, the slightly larger yellow mongoose, 223 00:17:53,773 --> 00:17:56,074 与狐獴共居 Is sharing the meerkats' home. 224 00:18:04,867 --> 00:18:06,542 它并非白住 But he's no freeloader 225 00:18:06,619 --> 00:18:09,128 常参与洞穴维护 And will often participate in burrow maintenance 226 00:18:09,205 --> 00:18:12,465 甚至协助扩建地道网络 And even help extend the underground network of tunnels 227 00:18:12,542 --> 00:18:14,125 If required. 228 00:18:16,963 --> 00:18:20,881 黄猫鼬最大获益是 Most of all however, the yellow mongooses also benefit 229 00:18:20,892 --> 00:18:24,102 拥有高度警觉的室友 From their hyper-vigilant house mates. 230 00:18:28,650 --> 00:18:31,400 身处食物链底端 And vigilance is key to survival 231 00:18:31,477 --> 00:18:34,904 警觉关乎存亡 When you're on the wrong end of the food chain. 232 00:18:36,899 --> 00:18:38,732 无论干旱西部 No matter the habitat, 233 00:18:38,743 --> 00:18:41,735 还是湿润东部 Whether in the dry west or lush east, 234 00:18:41,746 --> 00:18:44,997 食草动物总多于食肉者 Herbivores always outnumber carnivores. 235 00:18:49,662 --> 00:18:51,754 东部植物丰茂 Life is easier in the east 236 00:18:51,831 --> 00:18:54,132 生存更轻松 Where there are plenty of plants available. 237 00:18:56,586 --> 00:18:59,512 但植物难以消化 But plant matter is hard to digest. 238 00:19:02,350 --> 00:19:06,644 黑斑羚有特殊消化机制 Impala have an arsenal of tools to overcome the challenge. 239 00:19:09,098 --> 00:19:12,441 这头雌羚正在反刍 This female is chewing the cud. 240 00:19:12,518 --> 00:19:14,861 她用牙齿研磨树叶 She's grinding leaves with her teeth 241 00:19:14,937 --> 00:19:19,023 唾液酶持续分泌 Adding enzymes all the time from her saliva. 242 00:19:19,033 --> 00:19:20,783 然后吞咽 Then she swallows. 243 00:19:25,790 --> 00:19:30,001 再将食物反刍咀嚼 And then regurgitates the food so she can chew it some more. 244 00:19:33,423 --> 00:19:35,706 每次食团下咽时 Every time the cud's swallowed 245 00:19:35,717 --> 00:19:38,876 会与胃中酶和微生物混合 It's mixed with enzymes and microbes in the stomach 246 00:19:38,887 --> 00:19:42,180 分解植物纤维素 To break down the tough cellulose of plant material. 247 00:19:55,236 --> 00:19:57,904 若无反复咀嚼吞咽 Without the repeated chewing and swallowing, 248 00:19:57,980 --> 00:20:00,573 反刍动物无法从植物中 Ruminants wouldn't be able to obtain the nutrition 249 00:20:00,650 --> 00:20:02,992 获取足够营养 They require from the plants they eat. 250 00:20:10,460 --> 00:20:14,078 这也减少觅食时间 It also means they spend less time foraging, 251 00:20:14,088 --> 00:20:16,255 增加休息时长 Giving them more time to rest 252 00:20:16,424 --> 00:20:18,216 以躲避高温 So they can avoid the heat. 253 00:20:24,933 --> 00:20:28,601 肉食动物也间接依赖 Carnivores also rely on the success of this digestive system 254 00:20:28,678 --> 00:20:30,895 这套消化系统 Albeit indirectly. 255 00:20:34,267 --> 00:20:36,275 掠食者潜伏四周 With predators lurking, 256 00:20:36,352 --> 00:20:40,238 黑斑羚必须保持警觉 Impala need to be vigilant in order to survive. 257 00:20:45,778 --> 00:20:49,872 大耳廓提供绝佳听力 Large omni-directional ears give them excellent hearing. 258 00:20:56,289 --> 00:20:58,631 发达的鼻腔结构 And they have an acute sense of smell 259 00:20:58,708 --> 00:21:02,710 增强嗅觉灵敏度 Enhanced by their enlarged nasal passages. 260 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:04,303 它们的视力极佳 Their eyesight is excellent 261 00:21:04,514 --> 00:21:08,048 能察觉远处动静 At detecting movement at great distances, 262 00:21:08,059 --> 00:21:13,646 视野范围达300度 With a field of vision spanning 300 degrees of horizon. 263 00:21:13,723 --> 00:21:17,191 但威胁并非都来自外部 Not all threats come from outside the herd however. 264 00:21:18,486 --> 00:21:21,153 仅雄性黑斑羚长角 Only male impala carry horns, 265 00:21:21,230 --> 00:21:24,282 用于争夺配偶 Which they use in disputes over females. 266 00:21:26,744 --> 00:21:30,329 这只领地雄羚发现入侵者 This territorial male has spotted an intruder. 267 00:21:30,406 --> 00:21:32,164 它摆出攻击姿态 He takes up an aggressive posture 268 00:21:32,241 --> 00:21:34,792 警告挑战者 To warn the off the challenger. 269 00:21:37,463 --> 00:21:39,338 双角相抵 They lock horns 270 00:21:39,415 --> 00:21:43,217 展开决定地位的角力 And engage in a shoving match designed to determine dominance. 271 00:22:05,024 --> 00:22:07,775 败者退让的情况下 Fights seldom cause permanent damage 272 00:22:07,785 --> 00:22:12,696 争斗很少造成永久伤害 As long as the looser backs off. 273 00:22:12,707 --> 00:22:16,116 角专门为雄性角斗而进化 Horns are specifically shaped for wrestling other males 274 00:22:16,127 --> 00:22:18,369 非穿刺用途 Rather than stabbing and piercing, 275 00:22:18,379 --> 00:22:21,589 防御价值有限 Which gives them little value for defense. 276 00:22:23,793 --> 00:22:27,378 在灌木丛中角反成累赘 Horns are a hindrance in close bushy confines 277 00:22:27,388 --> 00:22:30,598 雌性无需此物 And females have no use for them. 278 00:22:34,970 --> 00:22:36,395 在国家干旱区的 On the dry open plains 279 00:22:36,564 --> 00:22:39,065 开阔平原上 Of the arid half of the country however, 280 00:22:39,141 --> 00:22:41,317 情况截然不同 It's a different story. 281 00:22:41,394 --> 00:22:44,395 这里两性通常都长角 Here, both sexes typically bear horns 282 00:22:44,405 --> 00:22:47,406 科学家一直探究原因 And scientists have wondered why. 283 00:22:47,533 --> 00:22:51,735 有理论认为雌跳羚长角 One theory suggests springbok females have horns 284 00:22:51,746 --> 00:22:54,663 是为让亚成年雄羚像雌性 So that their teenage sons resemble them. 285 00:22:55,833 --> 00:22:57,333 混群中成年雄羚间 There is intense competition 286 00:22:57,410 --> 00:23:00,002 竞争激烈 Amongst mature males in mixed herds, 287 00:23:00,079 --> 00:23:03,330 亚成年越像雌性 So the longer young males look like females, 288 00:23:03,341 --> 00:23:06,342 被忽视的时间就越长 The longer they are ignored by dominants. 289 00:23:09,180 --> 00:23:12,264 最新理论认为雌性角 The latest theory suggests the females' horns 290 00:23:12,341 --> 00:23:15,008 更多用于威慑掠食者 Have more to do with deterring predators, 291 00:23:15,019 --> 00:23:19,438 与动物醒目程度相关 Based on how conspicuous the animals are. 292 00:23:19,515 --> 00:23:23,934 开阔地带羚羊极易暴露 In the open, antelope are easily spotted by predators. 293 00:23:23,945 --> 00:23:25,853 角成为威慑武器 And horns are a deterrent, 294 00:23:25,863 --> 00:23:29,857 故两性都长角 So males and females both have them. 295 00:23:29,867 --> 00:23:32,952 体型越高大越显眼 The taller you are, the more conspicuous you are, 296 00:23:33,028 --> 00:23:36,029 所需威慑力就越大 So the bigger the deterrent you need. 297 00:23:36,040 --> 00:23:38,031 这解释了为何 Which explains why the gemsbok, 298 00:23:38,042 --> 00:23:42,253 体型更大的剑羚也长着壮观巨角 A much larger desert wanderer, has impressive horns to match. 299 00:23:44,123 --> 00:23:47,207 如跳羚般 这类利剑般的武器 Like springbok, these rapier-like weapons 300 00:23:47,218 --> 00:23:50,219 两性都具备 Are borne by both males and females. 301 00:23:59,305 --> 00:24:03,482 时值干旱卡鲁边缘的冬季 It's winter on the fringes of the arid Great Karoo 302 00:24:03,559 --> 00:24:07,445 位于跳羚分布区东南端 At the southeastern extent of the springbok's range. 303 00:24:10,700 --> 00:24:13,451 此时正值跳羚繁殖季 Winter here is breeding season for springbok. 304 00:24:18,624 --> 00:24:21,834 这只领地雄羚正用头部腺体 This territorial male is marking the bushes 305 00:24:21,911 --> 00:24:25,329 在灌木上留下分泌物 With secretions from glands on his head. 306 00:24:28,167 --> 00:24:32,428 既求偶又威慑竞争者 He's advertising for mates and warning off rivals. 307 00:24:45,434 --> 00:24:48,027 空气中充满紧张 Tension is everywhere. 308 00:25:01,667 --> 00:25:04,293 年轻雄羚无视警告 A young male ignores the warning 309 00:25:04,370 --> 00:25:07,505 霸主立即出手教训 And the dominant male puts him in his place. 310 00:25:14,889 --> 00:25:18,432 一山不容二虎 This territory is not big enough for both of them. 311 00:26:23,616 --> 00:26:27,001 霸主暂时赶走了挑战者 The dominant sees off the challenger for now. 312 00:26:32,717 --> 00:26:36,385 非洲平原适者生存 On the plains of Africa only the fittest survive - 313 00:26:39,056 --> 00:26:42,299 霸主虽伤痕累累 The dominant male, while battered and bruised, 314 00:26:42,310 --> 00:26:45,636 却赢得了与多只雌性交配权 Has earned his right to mate with many females, 315 00:26:45,646 --> 00:26:49,565 将基因传递后世 Passing on his genes to future generations. 316 00:26:49,642 --> 00:26:54,361 败者的血脉就此终结 Meanwhile the loser's family tree has come to an end. 317 00:27:20,848 --> 00:27:23,682 回到湿润的克鲁格东部 Back in the wetter eastern parts of Kruger 318 00:27:23,768 --> 00:27:27,353 一只黑斑羚霸主正追逐配偶 A dominant male impala is chasing a mate. 319 00:27:27,429 --> 00:27:30,230 它发现了发情雌羚 He's identified a female in estrus. 320 00:27:31,609 --> 00:27:33,317 紧追不舍 And is in hot pursuit. 321 00:27:39,367 --> 00:27:41,700 雌羚领它绕圈 She leads him on a merry dance 322 00:27:41,777 --> 00:27:45,362 雄羚只能痴迷跟随 And the hapless male can only follow hopefully behind 323 00:27:45,373 --> 00:27:47,706 被其魅力俘获 Caught in her spell. 324 00:27:47,833 --> 00:27:51,710 它热情吐舌点头 He flicks his tongue and nods his head enthusiastically 325 00:27:51,879 --> 00:27:55,464 竭力讨好潜在伴侣 Doing his best to convince his would-be partner. 326 00:27:59,387 --> 00:28:01,553 雌羚最终妥协 And eventually she relents, 327 00:28:01,630 --> 00:28:04,682 短暂停步让它追上 Briefly pausing so that he can catch up. 328 00:28:08,729 --> 00:28:10,387 交配完成后 Once mated, 329 00:28:10,398 --> 00:28:13,724 雄羚便对她失去兴趣 He'll rarely show any further interest in her, 330 00:28:13,734 --> 00:28:16,485 尽管雌羚仍处发情期 Even though she'll remain sexually active 331 00:28:16,562 --> 00:28:18,529 持续数日 For a few more days. 332 00:28:22,234 --> 00:28:24,076 在此期间 During this time 333 00:28:24,153 --> 00:28:27,320 她会被其他雄羚追求 She'll be courted by other males and will almost certainly mate 334 00:28:27,331 --> 00:28:30,165 可能再交配四次 With as many as four additional suitors. 335 00:28:34,422 --> 00:28:36,747 黑斑羚分布北至 The impala's range extends north 336 00:28:36,757 --> 00:28:39,049 东非草原 To the grassy plains of East Africa. 337 00:28:43,431 --> 00:28:45,756 此处没有跳羚 There are no springbok here 338 00:28:45,766 --> 00:28:49,268 但有其他五种羚羊 But there are five other species of gazelle. 339 00:28:55,350 --> 00:28:58,610 其中两种栖息在 Two of them can be found here in the world famous 340 00:28:58,687 --> 00:29:01,363 坦桑尼亚恩戈罗火山口 Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania 341 00:29:01,440 --> 00:29:03,449 距此数千英里 Thousands of miles to the north. 342 00:29:04,869 --> 00:29:06,443 这座被古火山 Hemmed in on all sides 343 00:29:06,454 --> 00:29:09,204 陡坡环绕的盆地 By the steep slopes of the ancient caldera, 344 00:29:09,281 --> 00:29:13,751 是非洲最奇特的地貌之一 This is one of the most remarkable landscapes in Africa. 345 00:29:25,631 --> 00:29:29,299 火山沃土滋养着 Fertile soils from the crater's volcanic history 346 00:29:29,310 --> 00:29:32,102 众多野生动物 Feed a menagerie of wildlife. 347 00:29:40,562 --> 00:29:44,072 恩戈罗的葛氏瞪羚 In Ngorongoro Grant's and Thompson's gazelle 348 00:29:44,149 --> 00:29:46,116 常与汤氏瞪羚共食 Often graze together. 349 00:29:53,417 --> 00:29:55,834 汤氏瞪羚昵称"汤米" Thompson's gazelle or "tommies" 350 00:29:55,920 --> 00:29:59,671 是东非最常见羚羊 Are the most common antelope in East Africa, 351 00:29:59,748 --> 00:30:03,592 偏爱开阔短草平原 Preferring the short grass of wide open plains. 352 00:30:05,587 --> 00:30:08,338 其体型毛色与跳羚 They're remarkably similar in both size and color 353 00:30:08,349 --> 00:30:09,807 惊人相似 To springbok. 354 00:30:13,262 --> 00:30:14,845 这种色彩模式 It's thought this color pattern 355 00:30:14,855 --> 00:30:17,356 能帮助群体伪装 Helps camouflage the herds from predators 356 00:30:17,432 --> 00:30:19,483 躲避狮豹 Such as lions and cheetahs. 357 00:30:20,945 --> 00:30:23,862 但伪装效果有限 But camouflage only gets you so far 358 00:30:24,031 --> 00:30:27,866 东非草原所有羚羊 And all gazelles on the open grasslands of East Africa 359 00:30:27,943 --> 00:30:30,828 都擅长奔跑 Are also fleet of foot. 360 00:30:33,699 --> 00:30:35,874 回到卡拉哈迪跨境公园 Back in the dry, open riverbeds 361 00:30:35,960 --> 00:30:38,285 干旱的河床地带 Of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, 362 00:30:38,295 --> 00:30:40,838 运动能力至关重要 Athletic ability is paramount. 363 00:30:43,634 --> 00:30:46,552 这些跳羚在腾跃 These springbok are pronking. 364 00:30:49,390 --> 00:30:51,631 该行为可能展示 It's suggested this behavior advertises 365 00:30:51,642 --> 00:30:54,393 个体运动能力 An individual's athletic ability 366 00:30:54,469 --> 00:30:56,895 威慑掠食者 To would-be predators. 367 00:30:57,106 --> 00:31:00,223 也可能释放信息素 It may also release pheromones 368 00:31:00,234 --> 00:31:03,902 或向群体发出警报 Or be an important alarm signal to the rest of the herd. 369 00:31:03,979 --> 00:31:07,573 浪漫观点则认为 Other more romantic viewpoints however, 370 00:31:07,649 --> 00:31:10,617 它们只是欢快跳跃 Suggest they're simply jumping for joy. 371 00:31:19,995 --> 00:31:22,579 植被茂密区也需 Even in more vegetated regions 372 00:31:22,590 --> 00:31:26,508 运动能力躲避天敌 Athletic ability is important to avoid the local predators. 373 00:31:32,007 --> 00:31:33,932 黑斑羚可轻松跃过 Impala can leap effortlessly 374 00:31:34,101 --> 00:31:38,437 3米高 10米远 More than 9 feet high and 35 feet over the ground. 375 00:31:47,156 --> 00:31:49,948 它们速度也快 They're also fast - 376 00:31:50,075 --> 00:31:52,951 但仍不及近亲 Even so they're no match for tsessebe 377 00:31:53,028 --> 00:31:56,288 转角牛羚 One of their nearest relatives. 378 00:31:56,365 --> 00:31:59,616 体型是黑斑羚两倍 Tsessebe are nearly twice the size of impala 379 00:31:59,627 --> 00:32:01,960 时速达60公里 And are the world's fastest antelope 380 00:32:02,129 --> 00:32:05,923 Capable of reaching speeds of nearly 37 miles an hour. 381 00:32:32,117 --> 00:32:36,954 狷羚与角马也是黑斑羚近亲 Hartebeest and wildebeest are also close relatives of impala. 382 00:32:41,827 --> 00:32:43,660 乍看之下 At first glance 383 00:32:43,671 --> 00:32:46,672 这些动物亲缘关系令人意外 It seems unlikely that these animals should be so close. 384 00:32:47,508 --> 00:32:49,424 黑斑羚优雅 Impala are graceful 385 00:32:49,501 --> 00:32:52,970 角马则处处笨拙 While everything about the wildebeest is awkward. 386 00:32:55,757 --> 00:32:57,766 该科动物共同点是 One thing all members of the family 387 00:32:57,843 --> 00:32:59,676 Do have in common however, 388 00:32:59,687 --> 00:33:03,981 栖息开阔地带且群居 Is they live out in the open and gather in herds. 389 00:33:05,943 --> 00:33:10,404 大群聚集会吸引 And great herds attract predators like lions; 390 00:33:14,952 --> 00:33:17,285 狮群 And leopards. 391 00:33:19,781 --> 00:33:23,000 群居生活优势显著 Living in a herd is advantageous. 392 00:33:24,619 --> 00:33:27,546 众多眼睛警戒危险 There are many eyes to scan for danger. 393 00:33:36,265 --> 00:33:39,891 因此留在群体中至关重要 So remaining in the herd is important. 394 00:33:42,062 --> 00:33:45,814 落单的病弱个体或幼崽 Sick individuals or youngsters that lag behind 395 00:33:45,891 --> 00:33:47,858 是最佳目标 Are prime targets. 396 00:33:51,396 --> 00:33:54,448 追踪兽群的不止掠食者 It's not only predators who track the herds. 397 00:33:56,910 --> 00:33:59,911 牛背鹭正啄食 A cattle egret is feeding on insects 398 00:33:59,988 --> 00:34:03,331 兽群踏出的昆虫 Kicked up by passing feet. 399 00:34:03,408 --> 00:34:05,834 跟随羚羊群觅食 Feeding alongside herds of antelope 400 00:34:05,911 --> 00:34:09,337 让这只鸟获取的食物量 Gives this individual one and a half times more food 401 00:34:09,414 --> 00:34:11,048 比单独行动多50% Than a solo effort. 402 00:34:17,756 --> 00:34:21,308 红嘴牛椋鸟也追随兽群 Red-billed ox-peckers also track the herds. 403 00:34:25,931 --> 00:34:30,100 它们梳理皮毛寻找美食 They're combing through their fur looking for an easy meal. 404 00:34:33,188 --> 00:34:35,363 黑斑羚容忍这些食客 The impala tolerate the freeloaders 405 00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:38,075 因享受清洁服务 Because they're enjoying the grooming. 406 00:34:46,251 --> 00:34:49,127 牛椋鸟能清除恼人蜱虫 And the ox-peckers are able to remove annoying ticks 407 00:34:49,204 --> 00:34:53,006 包括最难触及的部位 From even the most hard to reach places. 408 00:35:02,893 --> 00:35:07,479 蜱虫等体外寄生虫不止烦人 Ecto-parasites such as ticks aren't only an irritant - 409 00:35:07,556 --> 00:35:09,815 还会传播疾病 They also carry disease. 410 00:35:14,563 --> 00:35:17,489 因此黑斑羚获益良多 So the impala benefit from the service. 411 00:35:24,156 --> 00:35:28,074 一个完整生态圈依赖 An entire world revolves around what's left behind 412 00:35:28,085 --> 00:35:29,960 羚羊的排泄物生存 By grazing antelope. 413 00:35:37,252 --> 00:35:40,846 铜色蜣螂正在收集粪球 Copper dung beetles are collecting impala droppings. 414 00:35:46,603 --> 00:35:50,096 蜣螂种类超2000种 There are more than 2,000 species of dung beetle. 415 00:35:50,107 --> 00:35:52,691 这只是滚球型 This one is a roller. 416 00:35:59,867 --> 00:36:02,200 它将粪便拍成球状 He pats dung into a ball 417 00:36:02,411 --> 00:36:04,744 滚离原位后掩埋 And rolls it away before burying it. 418 00:36:12,129 --> 00:36:15,964 粪球是成虫幼虫的食物 Dung balls are food for the beetles and their young. 419 00:36:25,559 --> 00:36:27,475 幸运的话 If he's lucky 420 00:36:27,552 --> 00:36:31,229 粪球会吸引雌性产卵 His ball will attract a female and she'll lay her eggs in it. 421 00:36:34,142 --> 00:36:36,568 它将粪球深埋地下 He buries the ball safe underground, 422 00:36:36,645 --> 00:36:39,571 幼虫慢慢啃食成长 Allowing the developing larvae to slowly eat their way 423 00:36:39,648 --> 00:36:41,114 直至破土而出 To the surface. 424 00:36:46,154 --> 00:36:47,987 通过掩埋粪球 By burying these balls 425 00:36:47,998 --> 00:36:52,083 它将宝贵养分返还土壤 He's also injecting valuable nutrients back into the soil 426 00:36:52,160 --> 00:36:55,995 促进植物生长 Facilitating plant growth and ultimately, 427 00:36:56,006 --> 00:36:59,716 在生命大循环中滋养更多食物 More food for impala in the great cycle of life. 428 00:37:02,429 --> 00:37:07,682 黑斑羚与跳羚诸多相似 Impala and springbok are very similar in many ways 429 00:37:07,759 --> 00:37:10,685 却几乎从不同域而居 But they almost never live in the same habitat, 430 00:37:12,689 --> 00:37:15,774 唯有一处例外 With one exception. 431 00:37:15,850 --> 00:37:19,653 纳米比亚北部的埃托沙国家公园 Etosha national park in northern Namibia. 432 00:37:22,857 --> 00:37:24,699 坐落于非洲西南部 Located in the arid heart 433 00:37:24,776 --> 00:37:28,286 卡拉哈里沙漠腹地 Of the Kalahari desert in the south west of Africa, 434 00:37:28,497 --> 00:37:31,698 这座8600平方英里的公园 This 8,600 square mile park 435 00:37:31,708 --> 00:37:35,126 以丰富野生动物闻名 Is renowned for its bountiful wildlife. 436 00:37:41,301 --> 00:37:44,711 动物聚集在水源地 Animals here congregate at the reserve's waterholes 437 00:37:44,721 --> 00:37:47,847 在干旱中求生 To survive the parched surroundings. 438 00:37:58,735 --> 00:38:04,314 黑脸黑斑羚来到水坑饮水 A black-faced impala has come down to the waterhole to drink. 439 00:38:04,324 --> 00:38:08,535 其面部黑斑是显著特征 She's instantly recognizable by her black facial markings. 440 00:38:16,244 --> 00:38:19,004 黑脸黑斑羚是亚种 The black-faced impala is a subspecies 441 00:38:19,080 --> 00:38:23,341 分布于安哥拉与纳米比亚北部 That lives across Angola and northern Namibia. 442 00:38:23,418 --> 00:38:25,835 比东部普通亚种 It's better adapted to its desert home 443 00:38:25,846 --> 00:38:28,763 更适应沙漠环境 Than the common impala of the east. 444 00:38:31,476 --> 00:38:35,687 两亚种若接触极易杂交 The two subspecies will readily hybridize if they mingle, 445 00:38:35,764 --> 00:38:38,857 但黑脸亚种濒危 But black-faced impala are vulnerable 446 00:38:38,933 --> 00:38:42,777 埃托沙是其最后庇护所 And Etosha is one of their last strongholds. 447 00:38:44,272 --> 00:38:46,031 因此 For this reason, 448 00:38:46,107 --> 00:38:49,025 纳米比亚政府竭力隔离它们 The government of Namibia tries to keep them isolated 449 00:38:49,036 --> 00:38:50,785 但难度很大 But it's tricky. 450 00:39:00,121 --> 00:39:03,206 埃托沙周边私人保护区 Private game farms stocked with common impala 451 00:39:03,216 --> 00:39:06,384 饲养普通亚种 Surround Etosha and so the government works 452 00:39:06,461 --> 00:39:09,220 政府严防其进入国家公园 To keep them out of the national park. 453 00:39:18,565 --> 00:39:22,308 在克鲁格丰茂的水源地 Down at one of the lush waterholes of Kruger 454 00:39:22,319 --> 00:39:26,363 黑斑羚群紧张饮水 A herd of common impala drinks nervously. 455 00:39:41,830 --> 00:39:44,923 水中危机四伏 Danger lurks in these waters. 456 00:39:46,760 --> 00:39:49,168 如此巨鳄 Large crocs such as this one 457 00:39:49,179 --> 00:39:51,805 体长可超4米 Can be more than 13 feet long. 458 00:40:17,207 --> 00:40:21,084 受惊的黑斑羚逃回灌木丛 Spooked, the impala dash back to the safety of the bush. 459 00:40:25,549 --> 00:40:28,341 此处同样危机暗藏 But danger lurks here too. 460 00:40:29,461 --> 00:40:31,886 兽群被冲散 The herd becomes separated, 461 00:40:31,963 --> 00:40:36,349 独行猎豹趁机猎杀雌羚 Enabling a lone cheetah to pick off one of the females. 462 00:40:40,138 --> 00:40:42,439 它将饱餐一顿 He'll gorge himself on his kill. 463 00:40:48,155 --> 00:40:51,156 猎豹是大型猫科中最小的 But cheetahs are the smallest of the big cats, 464 00:40:51,232 --> 00:40:53,700 必须快速进食 So he must eat quickly. 465 00:40:57,664 --> 00:41:01,908 若被狮群或鬣狗发现 If scavenging lions or hyenas catch wind of his kill, 466 00:41:01,918 --> 00:41:03,460 猎物将被抢夺 They will steal it. 467 00:41:08,175 --> 00:41:11,050 它紧张地环顾四周 Nervously he scans the surroundings. 468 00:41:22,647 --> 00:41:25,482 饱食后悄然离去 Having eaten his fill he moves on. 469 00:41:35,860 --> 00:41:39,996 季节更迭 雨季重返 As the seasons march on, the rains return. 470 00:41:47,130 --> 00:41:49,297 南非克鲁格国家公园 It's spring in the moist savannas 471 00:41:49,374 --> 00:41:51,841 湿润草原迎来春季 Of the Kruger national park in South Africa. 472 00:41:57,224 --> 00:42:01,100 树木灌木萌发新枝 The trees and bushes are bursting with new growth. 473 00:42:04,639 --> 00:42:07,524 新生命遍布四周 New arrivals throng the surroundings. 474 00:42:17,327 --> 00:42:19,402 产羔季节来临 It's lambing season 475 00:42:19,412 --> 00:42:22,372 丛林充满新生幼崽 And the bush is alive with youngsters. 476 00:42:26,911 --> 00:42:28,503 幼羚吮吸母乳 Babies suckle from their mothers 477 00:42:28,580 --> 00:42:31,339 持续四个半月 For the first four and a half months. 478 00:42:50,268 --> 00:42:53,611 家族成员都高度警觉 Everyone in the family is jumpy. 479 00:42:53,688 --> 00:42:57,574 弱小身躯易成目标 Being small in this world makes them a target. 480 00:43:04,833 --> 00:43:08,042 豹与豺专捕幼崽 Leopards and jackals prey on youngsters. 481 00:43:25,637 --> 00:43:30,648 雌性进化出同步生育策略 So the females have adapted to synchronize their births. 482 00:43:30,775 --> 00:43:34,060 幼崽在食物丰沛时降生 With the young born in times of plenty, 483 00:43:34,070 --> 00:43:36,863 哺乳期母羚食物充足 There's enough food for lactating moms; 484 00:43:39,242 --> 00:43:43,235 幼崽数量压制掠食者 And the mass of youngsters swamps would-be predators 485 00:43:43,246 --> 00:43:45,455 降低个体风险 And reduces individual risk. 486 00:43:47,250 --> 00:43:50,460 但仍需保持最高警惕 Still it's best to be on high alert. 487 00:44:00,347 --> 00:44:03,640 这些幼崽前路凶险 A perilous road lies ahead for these youngsters - 488 00:44:05,810 --> 00:44:08,686 仅半数能存活至成年 Only half of them will survive their first year 489 00:44:08,763 --> 00:44:10,647 To reach adulthood. 490 00:44:12,266 --> 00:44:13,691 幸存者将 But those that do 491 00:44:13,777 --> 00:44:16,444 成长为非洲大草原上 Will grow up to take their place 492 00:44:16,521 --> 00:44:19,614 兽群的中坚力量 In the great herds of Africa. 493 00:44:30,835 --> 00:44:35,037 纵贯南部非洲广袤大地 Across the vast open spaces of southern Africa 494 00:44:35,048 --> 00:44:38,132 这两物种主宰着地貌 These two species dominate the landscape. 495 00:44:42,130 --> 00:44:46,557 跳羚与黑斑羚数量最多 Springbok and impala are the most numerous antelope, 496 00:44:46,634 --> 00:44:50,720 总数达数百万 Numbering into the millions. 497 00:44:50,730 --> 00:44:53,731 虽栖息不同环境 却共同 Though inhabiting different worlds, together 498 00:44:53,817 --> 00:44:57,735 成为南部非洲生命轮回中 They're the central characters in the giant circle of life 499 00:44:57,862 --> 00:45:01,447 的核心角色 That unfolds across southern Africa. 500 00:45:03,159 --> 00:45:05,576 从西部干旱沙漠 From the dry deserts of the west; 501 00:45:07,405 --> 00:45:09,706 到东部湿润草原 To the moist savannas of the east, 502 00:45:21,594 --> 00:45:24,420 这两个物种 These two species are pivotal 503 00:45:24,431 --> 00:45:27,765 对维系东西两侧 In the success of both plants and animals 504 00:45:27,976 --> 00:45:30,476 生态平衡至关重要 Living across this divide. 505 00:45:40,947 --> 00:45:42,447 因为在非洲 For in Africa 506 00:45:44,993 --> 00:45:46,784 跳羚 Springbok 507 00:45:46,995 --> 00:45:48,694 与黑斑羚 And impala 508 00:45:48,705 --> 00:45:52,540 当之无愧的王者 Truly reign supreme.