1  
00:00:10,560 --> 00:00:14,680  
我们的星球是一个不断变化的地方。每年季节更迭，生命随之蜕变。  
Our planet is a place of constant change. Each year, the seasons shift and life is transformed.  

2  
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但在某些地方，变化的规模如此宏大  
But there are places where the changes are so epic in scale  

3  
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甚至可以从太空目睹。  
they can be seen from space.  

4  
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在本系列中，  
In this series,  

5  
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我们将展现三个最神奇的转变。  
we reveal three of the most miraculous transformations.  

6  
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斯瓦尔巴群岛。  
The islands of Svalbard.  

7  
00:00:37,080 --> 00:00:39,200  
短短几周内，冰冻荒原迸发生机。  
Within a few weeks, frozen wastelands burst into life.  

8  
00:00:40,640 --> 00:00:45,399  
非洲奥卡万戈。  
The African okavango.  

9  
00:00:45,400 --> 00:00:47,240  
沙漠幻化成神奇的水世界。  
A desert transforms into a magical water world.  

10  
00:00:48,880 --> 00:00:53,439  
还有新英格兰的神秘森林  
And the mysterious forests of new england  

11  
00:00:53,440 --> 00:00:54,880  
在季节性寒潮中如火燃烧。  
erupting in a Blaze of seasonal cold.  

12  
00:00:57,800 --> 00:01:01,120  
生命以最巧妙而惊人的方式蓬勃生长  
Life finds the most ingenious and surprising ways to thrive  

13  
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在这片瞬息万变的土地上。  
in the world's fastest changing landscapes.  

14  
00:01:22,240 --> 00:01:25,640  
斯瓦尔巴，一个冰封世界  
Svalbard, a frozen ice world  

15  
00:01:27,080 --> 00:01:31,879  
位于挪威北端之外的遥远之地，  
lying far beyond the northern tip of Norway,  

16  
00:01:31,880 --> 00:01:34,920  
几乎在世界尽头的孤独群岛。  
a lonely group of islands almost at the top of the world.  

17  
00:01:42,760 --> 00:01:46,999  
由于地球倾斜，连续四个月  
For four months, because of the tilt of the earth,  

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00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:51,439  
斯瓦尔巴笼罩在黑暗中，  
Svalbard is cloaked in darkness,  

19  
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远离赋予生命的阳光。  
hidden from the life-giving light of the sun.  

20  
00:01:59,560 --> 00:02:02,840  
但每年这里都会发生奇迹。  
But every year, a miracle happens here.  

21  
00:02:08,400 --> 00:02:12,519  
随着太阳回归，  
As the sun returns,  

22  
00:02:12,520 --> 00:02:14,520  
斯瓦尔巴经历非凡蜕变。  
Svalbard undergoes an extraordinary transformation.  

23  
00:02:19,160 --> 00:02:22,520  
从永恒黑暗到永恒光明。  
From perpetual darkness to perpetual light.  

24  
00:02:27,920 --> 00:02:29,720  
从冰封世界到生机盎然。  
From frozen ice world to land of vibrant life.  

25  
00:02:34,280 --> 00:02:36,479  
这是生命如何在地球最极端变化中  
This is the story of how life survives  

26  
00:02:36,480 --> 00:02:38,719  
存续的故事。  
one of the planet's most extreme changes.  

27  
00:03:09,920 --> 00:03:11,920  
斯瓦尔巴的冬季，持续数月的长夜。  
The Svalbard winter, a night that lasts for months.  

28  
00:03:16,320 --> 00:03:20,359  
没有阳光，万物无法生长，  
Without the sun's light, nothing can grow,  

29  
00:03:20,360 --> 00:03:23,320  
凛冽寒风将气温压至零下40度甚至更低。  
and ferocious winds are dragging temperatures to -40 and below.  

30  
00:03:30,080 --> 00:03:33,480  
生命如何在此存活？  
How can anything survive here?  

31  
00:03:42,200 --> 00:03:45,600  
有一种动物如鱼得水。  
One animal is in its element.  

32  
00:03:50,280 --> 00:03:52,640  
北极熊在暴风雪中安然沉睡。  
A polar bear has been sleeping peacefully through the storm.  

33  
00:03:58,120 --> 00:04:01,199  
它独特的皮毛像保温毯一样  
Its unique coat reflects heat back into its body  

34  
00:04:01,200 --> 00:04:04,679  
将热量反射回体内，  
just like a survival blanket,  

35  
00:04:04,680 --> 00:04:07,680  
即使零下40度也舒适自在。  
so it is quite comfortable even at -40.  

36  
00:04:17,840 --> 00:04:22,079  
值得注意的是，对北极熊而言，  
And remarkably, for the polar bear,  

37  
00:04:22,080 --> 00:04:24,640  
这还算相对惬意的时光。  
these are relatively good times.  

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海冰面积达到最大值，  
The sea ice is at its maximum,  

39  
00:04:31,080 --> 00:04:34,399  
将斯瓦尔巴群岛  
connecting the islands of Svalbard  

40  
00:04:34,400 --> 00:04:36,839  
与整个北极相连，  
to the whole of the arctic,  

41  
00:04:36,840 --> 00:04:40,080  
北极熊得以踏冰而行，  
so the bear can stride out over the frozen ocean,  

42  
00:04:41,600 --> 00:04:45,040  
猎物就在脚下。  
its prey right beneath its feet.  

43  
00:04:57,360 --> 00:05:02,359  
一只环斑海豹，  
A ringed seal,  

44  
00:05:02,360 --> 00:05:04,560  
虽仅隔一米冰层却受其庇护，  
just a metre beneath the bear but protected by the ice,  

45  
00:05:06,840 --> 00:05:10,240  
直到需要换气之时。  
until it needs to breathe.  

46  
00:05:15,320 --> 00:05:16,479  
海豹凿出一系列呼吸孔  
The seal scrapes out a network of breathing holes  

47  
00:05:16,480 --> 00:05:18,480  
散布冰面各处。  
dotted about the ice.  

48  
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它能憋气45分钟，  
It can hold its breath for 45 minutes,  

49  
00:05:24,560 --> 00:05:27,840  
但之后必须上浮换气。  
but then it must come up for air.  

50  
00:05:32,160 --> 00:05:36,519  
北极熊的诀窍在于  
The trick for the polar bear  

51  
00:05:36,520 --> 00:05:38,000  
预判海豹下次出现的位置。  
is guessing where it will appear next.  

52  
00:05:45,680 --> 00:05:49,000  
但它每周只需捕获一只海豹  
But it only needs to catch one seal a week  

53  
00:05:50,360 --> 00:05:53,760  
且极具耐心。  
and it is very patient.  

54  
00:05:58,920 --> 00:06:00,880  
北极熊能在一个洞口守候数日。  
Bears can wait at a single hole for days.  

55  
00:06:11,280 --> 00:06:15,519  
仅有少数动物足够顽强  
Only a handful of animals are tough enough  

56  
00:06:15,520 --> 00:06:16,880  
能在此熬过寒冬。  
to survive the winter here.  

57  
00:06:22,120 --> 00:06:26,599  
斯瓦尔巴驯鹿是地球上最北端的  
The Svalbard reindeer is the world's most northerly  

58  
00:06:26,600 --> 00:06:29,919  
食草动物，当大地冰封时  
herbivore, and that's a challenge  

59  
00:06:29,920 --> 00:06:33,440  
这成为巨大挑战。  
when the land is locked in ice.  

60  
00:06:38,720 --> 00:06:41,959  
它们部分依赖夏季储存的脂肪存活，  
They survive partly off their summer fat reserves,  

61  
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冬季体重可能减半，  
losing up to half their body weight during winter,  

62  
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但仍需进食。  
but they do need to eat.  

63  
00:06:54,120 --> 00:06:56,559  
它们用尖锐的蹄子凿开冰层，  
With their sharp hooves, they chisel through the crust of ice  

64  
00:06:56,560 --> 00:07:00,639  
然后 literally chew the rocks,  
然后 literally chew the rocks,  

65  
00:07:00,640 --> 00:07:02,680  
刮食冻结的苔藓和地衣。  
scraping off the coating of frozen moss and lichen.  

66  
00:07:10,920 --> 00:07:15,199  
但经过七八个冬季后，  
But after just seven or eight winters,  

67  
00:07:15,200 --> 00:07:17,120  
它们的牙齿开始磨损，  
their teeth start to wear out,  

68  
00:07:19,440 --> 00:07:22,720  
许多驯鹿因此难以为继。  
and that's when many struggle to make it.  

69  
00:07:32,960 --> 00:07:36,280  
当寒冬夺走一条生命，总有其他生物迅速获益。  
When winter claims one life, another is quick to profit.  

70  
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一只北极狐。  
An arctic fox.  

71  
00:07:49,600 --> 00:07:51,959  
它靠捡食度过寒冬，  
It scavenges its way through the winter,  

72  
00:07:51,960 --> 00:07:54,360  
造访冰冻尸体，尾随北极熊  
visiting frozen carcasses like this and following polar bears  

73  
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以残羹为生。  
to feed on their leftovers.  

74  
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除北极熊外，  
For everything but the polar bear,  

75  
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这种环境都难以忍受。  
such conditions are hard to endure.  

76  
00:08:21,520 --> 00:08:24,840  
400年前首批欧洲探险家抵达时，  
For the first explorers who came here from Europe 400 years ago,  

77  
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斯瓦尔巴的冬季仿佛永无止境。  
the Svalbard winter felt like an eternity.  

78  
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他们或许怀疑过太阳是否会重现。  
They must have wondered whether the sun would ever return.  

79  
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对许多人而言，希望终成泡影。  
For many, it never did.  

80  
00:08:46,840 --> 00:08:51,079  
但这里并非全然黑暗。  
But there is light here.  

81  
00:08:51,080 --> 00:08:53,160  
月亮升起时，可持续一周不落。  
When the moon rises, it can stay up for a week.  

82  
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偶尔，来自地球另一侧的太阳风  
And every so often, the solar wind coming from the other side  

83  
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与地球磁场相撞  
of the planet collides with the earth's magnetic field  

84  
00:09:12,400 --> 00:09:15,720  
在北极天空绘出魔幻色彩，  
creating magical colours in the arctic sky,  

85  
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北极光，大自然的极地烟火。  
Aurora borealis, the northern lights.  

86  
00:09:43,960 --> 00:09:46,280  
时值二月中旬，经过四个月漫长等待，  
It's now mid-February, and after four long months,  

87  
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太阳终于回归。  
the sun finally returns.  

88  
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起初，太阳每天仅露面一小时，  
At first, the sun is only up for an hour at a time,  

89  
00:10:12,681 --> 00:10:17,319  
几乎不带丝毫暖意，  
so it brings little warmth,  

90  
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却标志着斯瓦尔巴  
but it signals the beginning of Svalbard's  

91  
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奇迹蜕变的开端。  
miraculous transformation.  

92  
00:10:49,520 --> 00:10:54,119  
当阳光掠过这片土地，  
As the sun's light reaches out across the landscape,  

93  
00:10:54,120 --> 00:10:58,039  
这片非凡荒野的真实面貌  
the true nature of this extraordinary wilderness  

94  
00:10:58,040 --> 00:11:01,159  
逐渐显现。  
is revealed.  

95  
00:11:01,160 --> 00:11:03,320  
壮美，却残酷。  
Beautiful, but brutal.  

96  
00:11:08,440 --> 00:11:11,279  
巨大冰川从孤峰倾泻而下，  
Vast glaciers flow from lonely peaks,  

97  
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碾碎山岩并将残骸推入  
pulverising mountains and bulldozing their remains  

98  
00:11:14,920 --> 00:11:17,440  
冰封的海洋。  
to the frozen sea.  

99  
00:11:21,960 --> 00:11:23,280  
这里没有森林或林地。  
There are no forests or woodlands.  

100  
00:11:29,120 --> 00:11:31,439  
但出人意料的是，正是这些  
But surprisingly, the same Titanic forces  

101  
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造就严酷环境的力量  
that make this place so inhospitable  

102  
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也吸引了人类来此。  
have also drawn people here.  

103  
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煤炭，因冰川侵蚀  
Coal, brought right to the surface  

104  
00:11:45,600 --> 00:11:47,520  
直接暴露于地表，  
by the scouring of Svalbard's glaciers,  

105  
00:11:48,640 --> 00:11:53,599  
对能在此生存足够久的人而言  
a source of great wealth  

106  
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意味着巨大财富。  
for those who can survive here long enough to get it.  

107  
00:11:59,120 --> 00:12:01,559  
斯瓦尔巴如今归属挪威，  
Svalbard belongs to Norway today,  

108  
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但过去多国曾来开采  
but in the past, many nations came to exploit  

109  
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其丰富煤矿，包括苏联。  
its rich coal deposits, including Soviet Russia.  

110  
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但一个接一个的宏伟计划  
But one grand scheme after another  

111  
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都败给这片冻土。  
succumbed to this frozen land.  

112  
00:12:19,320 --> 00:12:20,640  
这是皮拉米登，  
This is pyramiden,  

113  
00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:27,319  
曾容纳上千人居住。  
once home to over a thousand people.  

114  
00:12:27,320 --> 00:12:30,720  
如今已成鬼城。  
Now, a ghost town.  

115  
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在这些建筑里，  
Inside these buildings,  

116  
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俄罗斯工人曾与家人同住。  
Russian workers lived with their families.  

117  
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如今一切皆被遗弃。  
But today, it all lies abandoned.  

118  
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计划是为皮拉米登居民提供  
The plan was to give the people of pyramiden  

119  
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度过漫长黑暗寒冬的一切所需，  
everything they needed to survive here through the long,  

120  
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包括世界最北端的钢琴。  
dark winter, including the world's northernmost piano.  

121  
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但终未能持久。  
But it couldn't last.  

122  
00:13:27,680 --> 00:13:29,879  
这些煤矿从未盈利。  
These mines were never profitable.  

123  
00:13:29,880 --> 00:13:32,159  
在这冰封世界生存的成本  
The cost of survival here at the frozen end of the earth  

124  
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实在太过高昂。  
was just too great.  

125  
00:13:39,840 --> 00:13:41,639  
如今北极狐游荡在  
Today, arctic foxes roam the streets  

126  
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人类曾试图征服寒冬的街道上。  
where people tried to tame the Svalbard winter.  

127  
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三月中旬，白昼已显著延长。  
Mid-march, the days have been getting dramatically longer.  

128  
00:14:14,960 --> 00:14:19,799  
自太阳回归仅四周，  
Only four weeks since the sun's return,  

129  
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每日已有12小时日照。  
and there are already 12 hours of sunlight every day.  

130  
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尽管气温仍远低于冰点，  
Though temperatures are still well below freezing,  

131  
00:14:30,000 --> 00:14:33,919  
太阳的能量已足够触发  
the sun's energy is now strong enough to trigger a chain  

132  
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海冰之下生命繁衍的关键事件。  
of events fundamental to life in Svalbard under the sea ice.  

133  
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这些奇异色彩源自冰藻。  
These strange colours are caused by ice algae.  

134  
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整个冬季它们休眠，  
It lays dormant all winter,  

135  
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冻结在冰层结构中。  
frozen into the fabric of the ice.  

136  
00:15:11,040 --> 00:15:15,839  
如同植物一般，  
Just like a plant,  

137  
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它能将太阳能转化为养分。  
it has the power to turn the sun's energy into food.  

138  
00:15:22,600 --> 00:15:26,399  
当阳光开始穿透冰层，  
As the sunlight starts to penetrate the ice,  

139  
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冰藻的绿色细胞便被激活。  
it energises the algae's green cells.  

140  
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生命开关就此开启。  
The switch is flicked.  

141  
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从幽暗深处，  
From the dark depths,  

142  
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微小生物被吸引至冰层。  
tiny creatures are now drawn to the ice.  

143  
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桡足类生物，仅几毫米长，  
Copepods, just a couple of millimetres long,  

144  
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看似微不足道，却是这里生命的关键。  
they may look unimportant, but they hold a key to life here.  

145  
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它们一直等待着饱食冰藻。  
They've been waiting to gorge themselves on ice algae.  

146  
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很快，数百万只开始大快朵颐。  
Very soon, they are chomping away in their millions.  

147  
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此刻，它们从冰藻中汲取太阳能，  
Now, they take the sun's energy from the algae  

148  
00:16:30,760 --> 00:16:34,799  
将其浓缩成一滴清澈的油脂，  
and concentrate it into a clear drop of fatty oil  

149  
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储存在体内的囊袋中。  
which they store in a sac inside their bodies.  

150  
00:16:39,280 --> 00:16:42,720  
北极阳光的精华。  
Bottled arctic sunshine.  

151  
00:16:49,640 --> 00:16:53,000  
眼下，这些能量仍被封存在海冰之下。  
For now, all that energy is locked away beneath the sea ice.  

152  
00:16:58,920 --> 00:17:02,039  
但不会太久。  
But not for long.  

153  
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日渐强烈的阳光从上方加热。  
The intensifying sun heats from above.  

154  
00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:19,320  
变暖的海水从下方融化冰层。  
The warming water melts from below.  

155  
00:17:23,800 --> 00:17:28,599  
四月来临，  
It's April,  

156  
00:17:28,600 --> 00:17:30,560  
斯瓦尔巴富饶水域的大门正在开启。  
and the door to Svalbard's rich waters is opening.  

157  
00:17:45,760 --> 00:17:50,759  
起初进展缓慢。  
It starts slowly at first.  

158  
00:17:50,760 --> 00:17:53,240  
冬季的寂静被远处海鸟的鸣叫打破。  
The silence of winter broken by the distant calls of sea birds.  

159  
00:18:00,640 --> 00:18:01,920  
但它们的数量迅速增加。  
But quickly, their numbers build.  

160  
00:18:14,720 --> 00:18:18,080  
海鸠、小海雀、绒鸭。  
Guillemots, little auks, eider ducks.  

161  
00:18:25,400 --> 00:18:27,640  
每年春季约有六百万只鸟回归斯瓦尔巴，  
Around six million birds return to Svalbard every spring,  

162  
00:18:28,880 --> 00:18:33,359  
从欧洲的越冬地  
travelling many thousands of kilometres  

163  
00:18:33,360 --> 00:18:35,559  
迁徙数千公里，  
from their winter homes in Europe,  

164  
00:18:35,560 --> 00:18:37,240  
精准把握抵达时机。  
timing their arrival for just this moment.  

165  
00:18:42,560 --> 00:18:45,839  
它们立即开始补充能量，  
Right away, they start to refuel,  

166  
00:18:45,840 --> 00:18:48,160  
潜入北极水域饱食富含油脂的桡足类。  
diving into arctic water to feast on the oil-rich copepods.  

167  
00:18:49,960 --> 00:18:53,320  
水下，其他生命也在苏醒。  
And beneath them, other life is stirring.  

168  
00:18:58,880 --> 00:19:00,959  
庞大的鱼群前来觅食这些"阳光精华"，  
Vast shoals of fish now come for the copepod's bottled sunshine,  

169  
00:19:00,960 --> 00:19:04,280  
继而成为更多鸟类的食物。  
and in turn, become food for more birds.  

170  
00:19:10,440 --> 00:19:12,800  
日益强烈的阳光唤醒了春天。  
The light from the strengthening sun has kickstarted spring.  

171  
00:19:20,800 --> 00:19:25,039  
当鸟群首次抵达筑巢悬崖时，  
When the birds first reach their nesting cliffs,  

172  
00:19:25,040 --> 00:19:26,480  
发现岩壁仍被冰层覆盖。  
they find them covered in ice.  

173  
00:19:30,120 --> 00:19:33,599  
这里依然严寒刺骨，  
It's still bitterly cold here,  

174  
00:19:33,600 --> 00:19:35,879  
但它们需要尽早占据领地。  
but they need to stake their claim early.  

175  
00:19:35,880 --> 00:19:38,080  
很快将再无立足之地，  
Very soon there will be no more space available,  

176  
00:19:40,840 --> 00:19:45,359  
它们必须在不到四个月内养育幼雏，  
and they've got less than four months to raise their chicks  

177  
00:19:45,360 --> 00:19:48,719  
然后再次启程，  
before they'll have to be off again,  

178  
00:19:48,720 --> 00:19:50,759  
因此立即投入  
so immediately they get straight on with the business  

179  
00:19:50,760 --> 00:19:55,199  
繁殖大业。  
of breeding.  

180  
00:19:55,200 --> 00:19:57,519  
时间从不宽裕。  
They don't have the luxury of time.  

181  
00:20:06,320 --> 00:20:08,640  
四月中旬，斯瓦尔巴的蜕变  
It's now the middle of April, and Svalbard's transformation  

182  
00:20:09,960 --> 00:20:13,360  
进入全新阶段。  
is moving into a whole new phase.  

183  
00:20:18,760 --> 00:20:21,399  
随着地球继续绕日公转，  
As the earth travels further round the sun,  

184  
00:20:21,400 --> 00:20:25,119  
每日自转一周，  
spinning on its axis once every 24 hours,  

185  
00:20:25,120 --> 00:20:28,200  
斯瓦尔巴进入永昼模式。  
Svalbard now moves into permanent day.  

186  
00:20:38,440 --> 00:20:42,399  
欢迎来到午夜太阳之地。  
Welcome to the land of the midnight sun.  

187  
00:20:51,600 --> 00:20:56,199  
如今阳光永驻，  
Now that the sun is shining all the time,  

188  
00:20:56,200 --> 00:20:58,400  
开始影响陆地生态。  
it starts to have an impact on the land.  

189  
00:21:02,800 --> 00:21:06,999  
积雪之下，  
Under the snow,  

190  
00:21:07,000 --> 00:21:08,736  
小型植物已在吸收阳光。  
small plants are already absorbing the sun's light.  

191  
00:21:08,760 --> 00:21:13,639  
随着温度上升，  
As they warm up,  

192  
00:21:13,640 --> 00:21:15,760  
它们开始从冰雪牢笼中自我解冻。  
they start to melt themselves out of their icy prison.  

193  
00:21:19,720 --> 00:21:21,800  
夏季短暂，抢先行动方为上策。  
The summer is short, and it pays to get a head start.  

194  
00:21:26,480 --> 00:21:29,160  
有种奇特植物将此策略发挥到极致。  
One strange plant has taken this trick to an extreme.  

195  
00:21:34,600 --> 00:21:37,919  
这是指南针花，  
This is the compass plant,  

196  
00:21:37,920 --> 00:21:39,799  
斯瓦尔巴苔原的伟大幸存者之一。  
one of the great survivors of the Svalbard tundra.  

197  
00:21:39,800 --> 00:21:42,560  
寿命可超过三百年。  
It can live for over 300 years.  

198  
00:21:48,080 --> 00:21:50,039  
其成功秘诀在于  
Its success is down to a secret weapon,  

199  
00:21:50,040 --> 00:21:54,679  
一套中央供暖系统。  
a central heating system.  

200  
00:21:54,680 --> 00:21:57,599  
海绵状穹顶全天候捕捉阳光，  
The spongy dome catches the sun around the clock,  

201  
00:21:57,600 --> 00:22:02,279  
吸收能量。  
absorbing its energy.  

202  
00:22:02,280 --> 00:22:06,639  
尽管气温仍在冰点徘徊，  
Though the air temperature is still hovering around freezing,  

203  
00:22:06,640 --> 00:22:09,160  
穹顶内部可升至30摄氏度。  
the inside of the dome can rise to 30 degrees celsius.  

204  
00:22:15,120 --> 00:22:18,240  
但受热并不均匀。  
But it doesn't heat up evenly.  

205  
00:22:23,800 --> 00:22:25,880  
随着太阳沿地平线移动，光照强度变化。  
As the sun circles the horizon, its intensity varies.  

206  
00:22:30,760 --> 00:22:33,320  
植株南侧比北侧获得更多热量，  
The south side of the plant gets much more warmth than the north,  

207  
00:22:33,440 --> 00:22:38,279  
因此当花朵绽放时，  
so when the flowers come,  

208  
00:22:38,280 --> 00:22:40,320  
它们随太阳轨迹由南向北次第盛开。  
they erupt in sync with the sun from south to north.  

209  
00:22:48,240 --> 00:22:50,119  
早期探险家最先发现这一特性，  
It was the early explorers who first noticed this  

210  
00:22:50,120 --> 00:22:52,440  
用这种奇特植物辨别方向，  
and used the strange plant to help find their way,  

211  
00:22:54,600 --> 00:22:58,000  
如同天然指南针。  
just like a compass.  

212  
00:23:04,680 --> 00:23:09,319  
随着积雪进一步消融，  
As the snow melts further,  

213  
00:23:09,320 --> 00:23:10,800  
露出废弃矿车堆。  
it reveals a pile of old mining carts.  

214  
00:23:15,720 --> 00:23:18,919  
对于没有自供热系统的植物，  
For plants that don't have their own central heating,  

215  
00:23:18,920 --> 00:23:21,879  
矿车提供了躲避刺骨寒风的庇护所。  
the carts offer shelter from the biting wind.  

216  
00:23:32,680 --> 00:23:37,359  
这座微型围墙花园  
A tiny walled garden  

217  
00:23:37,360 --> 00:23:39,799  
让春天真正扎根。  
where spring can really start to take hold.  

218  
00:23:59,000 --> 00:23:59,880  
随着阳光愈发温暖，  
And as the sun's warmth increases further,  

219  
00:23:59,881 --> 00:24:03,040  
整个苔原开始绽放生机。  
the whole tundra starts to bloom.  

220  
00:24:13,720 --> 00:24:18,479  
五月底时，  
By the end of may,  

221  
00:24:18,480 --> 00:24:20,200  
绿色的斯瓦尔巴正破冰而出。  
a greener Svalbard is emerging from the ice.  

222  
00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:33,519  
历经漫长等待后，  
After such a long wait, for Svalbard's animals,  

223  
00:24:33,520 --> 00:24:36,120  
春天的到来堪称奇迹。  
the arrival of spring is miraculous.  

224  
00:24:47,080 --> 00:24:51,279  
驯鹿急需融雪暴露出的青草，  
The reindeer desperately need the grass that the melt  

225  
00:24:51,280 --> 00:24:54,719  
但起初，  
is uncovering, but at first,  

226  
00:24:54,720 --> 00:24:58,000  
它们似乎对这个绿色新世界有些迟疑。  
they seem a little unsure of this new green world.  

227  
00:25:03,960 --> 00:25:06,759  
它们仍披着厚实冬装。  
They still have their thick winter coats.  

228  
00:25:06,760 --> 00:25:10,080  
气温升高让它们感到燥热，  
As temperatures rise, it's getting a little hot for them,  

229  
00:25:12,440 --> 00:25:17,279  
因此一有机会就暂停进食，  
so whenever they can, they take a break from eating  

230  
00:25:17,280 --> 00:25:20,480  
卧在尚未融化的凉爽雪岛上休息。  
and settle down on the remaining islands of cool snow.  

231  
00:25:29,560 --> 00:25:34,319  
当北极狐迈出寒冬，  
As the arctic fox trots out of winter,  

232  
00:25:34,320 --> 00:25:36,360  
它迅速换毛以防过热。  
she sheds her coat quickly to avoid overheating.  

233  
00:25:37,800 --> 00:25:41,200  
它有许多事要忙。  
She has a lot to do.  

234  
00:25:46,280 --> 00:25:47,839  
冬季狐狸四处游荡，如今必须争分夺秒  
Foxes are nomadic in the winter, but now the race is on  

235  
00:25:47,840 --> 00:25:50,560  
确立夏季繁殖领地。  
to establish her summer breeding territory.  

236  
00:25:56,880 --> 00:26:01,599  
它甚至将脱落的毛滚成球，  
She even rolls up a ball of her fur,  

237  
00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:04,280  
用尿液标记领地边界。  
adding a dash of urine to help signpost her patch.  

238  
00:26:10,760 --> 00:26:13,120  
它还会抽空与伴侣相会。  
And every so often, she makes time to meet up with her mate.  

239  
00:26:17,600 --> 00:26:19,399  
它们在深冬时节结为伴侣。  
They got together in the middle of the winter.  

240  
00:26:19,400 --> 00:26:23,879  
很快它将分娩，  
Very soon, she'll be giving birth,  

241  
00:26:23,880 --> 00:26:26,880  
之后仅有90天时间养育后代。  
and then she will have just 90 days to raise her family.  

242  
00:26:38,240 --> 00:26:41,560  
时值六月，斯瓦尔巴近海，  
It's now already June, and off the coast of Svalbard,  

243  
00:26:43,680 --> 00:26:47,759  
海冰正快速消融。  
the sea ice is breaking up fast.  

244  
00:27:12,200 --> 00:27:14,120  
北极熊的世界正在改变。  
The polar bear's world is changing.  

245  
00:27:20,600 --> 00:27:24,000  
虽然北极熊能嗅到一公里外的海豹，  
Though a polar bear can smell a seal from over a kilometre away,  

246  
00:27:25,520 --> 00:27:29,919  
在这不断变动的冰原上，  
in this constantly moving landscape,  

247  
00:27:29,920 --> 00:27:31,240  
追踪变得异常困难。  
it's much harder to track it down.  

248  
00:27:42,080 --> 00:27:45,959  
它必须下水穿梭于  
It must take to the water to navigate through the drifting  

249  
00:27:45,960 --> 00:27:48,200  
浮冰迷宫中。  
maze of ice.  

250  
00:27:56,640 --> 00:28:00,000  
北极熊虽善泳，却难敌海豹速度。  
Bears are excellent swimmers, but no match for a seal.  

251  
00:28:07,200 --> 00:28:11,999  
生存愈发艰难。  
Life is getting harder.  

252  
00:28:12,000 --> 00:28:14,919  
当冰盖覆盖率跌破关键的50%，  
As the ice cover falls below a critical 50%,  

253  
00:28:14,920 --> 00:28:18,999  
捕猎消耗的能量  
the bear spends more energy catching seals  

254  
00:28:19,000 --> 00:28:22,200  
已超过摄食所得。  
than he gets from eating them.  

255  
00:28:30,200 --> 00:28:34,959  
浮冰消解让北极熊举步维艰，  
While the breaking ice makes life more difficult  

256  
00:28:34,960 --> 00:28:36,839  
却为斯瓦尔巴最沉重的居民  
for the bear, it allows Svalbard's heaviest resident  

257  
00:28:36,840 --> 00:28:40,280  
开辟了登陆通道...  
to access the land...  

258  
00:28:46,720 --> 00:28:51,519  
海象。  
Walruses.  

259  
00:28:51,520 --> 00:28:53,439  
1.5吨的体重可达  
At 1.5 tonnes, they can be three times the weight  

260  
00:28:53,440 --> 00:28:57,199  
北极熊的三倍。  
of a polar bear.  

261  
00:28:57,200 --> 00:29:00,279  
在冰缘度过寒冬后，  
After spending the winter at the edge of the sea ice,  

262  
00:29:00,280 --> 00:29:03,959  
它们重返斯瓦尔巴海岸。  
they now return to Svalbard's shores.  

263  
00:29:03,960 --> 00:29:07,679  
成群结队登上最爱的海滩，  
They haul out on their favourite beaches  

264  
00:29:07,680 --> 00:29:09,120  
这是去年秋天以来的首次登陆。  
for the first time since last Autumn.  

265  
00:29:10,200 --> 00:29:14,199  
无论雌雄都长着獠牙，  
Both males and females have tusks,  

266  
00:29:14,200 --> 00:29:18,559  
有些长度超过一米。  
some over a metre long.  

267  
00:29:18,560 --> 00:29:20,640  
獠牙越大，地位越高。  
The bigger the tusks, the more important you are.  

268  
00:29:22,280 --> 00:29:25,600  
也是抵御北极熊的利器，  
They're also a good defence against polar bears  

269  
00:29:27,360 --> 00:29:30,720  
更是支撑沉重头颅的天然支架。  
and useful props for a heavy head.  

270  
00:29:39,720 --> 00:29:44,359  
它们英俊的胡须与奇特口腔  
It's their handsome whiskers and extraordinary mouths  

271  
00:29:44,360 --> 00:29:47,719  
才是最宝贵的资产，  
that are their most important assets,  

272  
00:29:47,720 --> 00:29:50,160  
不过要等到觅食时才能大显身手，  
but they don't come into their own until they go out foraging,  

273  
00:29:53,800 --> 00:29:58,119  
但它们并不着急。  
and they're in no hurry.  

274  
00:29:58,120 --> 00:30:01,000  
海象的午休能持续整整一周。  
Walrus siestas can last a week.  

275  
00:30:16,520 --> 00:30:21,319  
当它们终于决定下水时，  
When they finally decide to go for a swim,  

276  
00:30:21,320 --> 00:30:24,039  
总有新奇方式  
there are some novel ways of getting all that way  

277  
00:30:24,040 --> 00:30:26,679  
挪进海中。  
down to the water.  

278  
00:30:57,960 --> 00:31:00,320  
一旦入水，这些奇特构造就派上用场。  
Once they're in, their strange features begin to make sense.  

279  
00:31:05,520 --> 00:31:07,159  
庞大身躯变得轻盈。  
The giant body becomes weightless.  

280  
00:31:07,160 --> 00:31:10,399  
仅用鼻子抵着海床，  
With just its nose on the seabed,  

281  
00:31:10,400 --> 00:31:13,279  
通过鼻孔喷射高压水流冲开泥沙，  
it blasts away the mud with high pressure jets of water  

282  
00:31:13,280 --> 00:31:16,719  
同时用500根超敏感胡须  
forced through its nostrils, feeling around  

283  
00:31:16,720 --> 00:31:19,160  
搜寻最爱的美食——  
with its 500 highly sensitive whiskers for its favourite food,  

284  
00:31:20,600 --> 00:31:24,719  
蛤蜊。  
clams.  

285  
00:31:24,720 --> 00:31:26,520  
它对蛤蜊情有独钟。  
It just loves clams.  

286  
00:31:39,480 --> 00:31:44,279  
发现蛤蜊后，就用独特的真空吸口  
When it finds the clams, it sucks the flesh  

287  
00:31:44,280 --> 00:31:46,120  
将肉质直接吸出。  
right out of them with its unique vacuum mouth.  

288  
00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:53,079  
海象每天能吃掉上千只蛤蜊，  
A walrus can consume over 1,000 clams a day  

289  
00:31:53,080 --> 00:31:55,680  
却不会吞下任何贝壳。  
without eating a single shell.  

290  
00:32:05,600 --> 00:32:10,279  
但这些神奇生物  
But these extraordinary animals  

291  
00:32:10,280 --> 00:32:12,599  
直到近年才恢复种群。  
have only recently been making a comeback.  

292  
00:32:12,600 --> 00:32:15,960  
不久前它们曾濒临灭绝。  
Not long ago, they were brought to the brink of extinction.  

293  
00:32:21,760 --> 00:32:26,479  
海滩不远处  
Just beyond their beach  

294  
00:32:26,480 --> 00:32:28,400  
散落着形似混凝土的怪异块状物。  
are strange lumps of what appears to be concrete.  

295  
00:32:34,720 --> 00:32:39,439  
这些环形遗迹中央曾架设大锅，  
In the middle of these rings were once great cauldrons  

296  
00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:43,079  
用于熬煮斯瓦尔巴海洋生物的脂肪  
in which the blubber from Svalbard's sea creatures  

297  
00:32:43,080 --> 00:32:45,000  
提炼珍贵油脂。  
was melted down into precious oil.  

298  
00:32:49,760 --> 00:32:52,679  
年复一年，溢出的油脂  
Year after year, as the oil spilled over,  

299  
00:32:52,680 --> 00:32:56,359  
与周围沙石凝结  
it congealed with the surrounding sand  

300  
00:32:56,360 --> 00:32:58,520  
硬化成石。  
and set into stone.  

301  
00:33:03,840 --> 00:33:06,040  
附近遗迹印证着这场屠杀的规模，  
Nearby is the evidence of the scale of this destruction,  

302  
00:33:11,560 --> 00:33:14,920  
数千头白鲸的骸骨。  
The bones of thousands of beluga whales.  

303  
00:33:23,120 --> 00:33:28,079  
早在煤矿闻名之前，  
Long before it was known for its coal,  

304  
00:33:28,080 --> 00:33:30,400  
斯瓦尔巴就是捕猎鲸鱼和海象的胜地。  
Svalbard was one of the places to hunt whales and walruses.  

305  
00:33:36,800 --> 00:33:40,879  
它们的油脂曾照亮欧洲工业时代的灯盏，  
Their oil once lit the lamps and lubricated the machinery  

306  
00:33:40,880 --> 00:33:43,840  
润滑机械。  
of industrial Europe.  

307  
00:33:48,200 --> 00:33:51,319  
持续300年的屠杀  
For 300 years, the slaughter continued  

308  
00:33:51,320 --> 00:33:54,080  
直到几乎无物可杀。  
until there was almost nothing left to kill.  

309  
00:34:01,880 --> 00:34:05,599  
人类也付出了代价。  
But it took its toll on humans too.  

310  
00:34:05,600 --> 00:34:10,239  
随着冻土  
As the ground repeatedly freezes then thaws every year,  

311  
00:34:10,240 --> 00:34:11,679  
年复一年冻融循环，  
anything buried is pushed to the surface.  

312  
00:34:11,680 --> 00:34:15,000  
埋葬之物都被推上地表。  
A whaler's grave.  

313  
00:34:21,040 --> 00:34:24,440  
捕鲸人的坟墓。  

314  
00:34:31,840 --> 00:34:36,599  
尽管财富与冒险的承诺吸引众人  
Though the promise of wealth and adventure drew many  

315  
00:34:36,600 --> 00:34:39,279  
来到这些偏远捕鲸站，  
to these remote whaling stations, life expectancy  

316  
00:34:39,280 --> 00:34:42,040  
但这里人均寿命极短，甚至要自带棺材。  
was so short you even had to bring your own coffin.  

317  
00:35:08,480 --> 00:35:10,479  
七月是最热的月份。  
July is the hottest month.  

318  
00:35:10,480 --> 00:35:15,399  
就连深入山脉的峡湾  
Even the great fjords that cut right into the mountains  

319  
00:35:15,400 --> 00:35:18,679  
也消尽了浮冰，夏日热浪触发  
are free of sea ice, and the summer heat kickstarts  

320  
00:35:18,680 --> 00:35:21,920  
又一轮滋养生命的连锁反应。  
another chain of events that benefits life here.  

321  
00:35:23,520 --> 00:35:27,959  
长久以来，  
For so long, the  

322  
00:35:27,960 --> 00:35:33,639  
冰层连接着陆地与海洋。  
land and sea were united by ice.  

323  
00:35:33,640 --> 00:35:35,439  
如今，开阔水域轻抚着  
Now, open water laps against the faces  

324  
00:35:35,440 --> 00:35:38,160  
斯瓦尔巴冰川的崖壁。  
of Svalbard's great glaciers.  

325  
00:35:46,680 --> 00:35:50,879  
冰川末端后方，  
Behind the face, the glacier stretches  

326  
00:35:50,880 --> 00:35:52,840  
冰体向远山延伸，  
into the distant mountains,  

327  
00:35:54,160 --> 00:35:58,639  
数十亿吨冰层  
billions of tonnes of ice  

328  
00:35:58,640 --> 00:35:59,880  
向海岸推进。  
pushing down towards the coast.  

329  
00:36:04,360 --> 00:36:06,839  
当阳光融化冰川表面的冰雪，  
As the sun starts to melt the ice on the glacier surface,  

330  
00:36:06,840 --> 00:36:11,719  
融水向下渗透，润滑着  
water funnels downwards and lubricates the junction  

331  
00:36:11,720 --> 00:36:14,120  
冰川重压下的岩冰交界处。  
between rock and ice under the immense weight of the glacier.  

332  
00:36:19,240 --> 00:36:23,439  
某些冰川不堪重压。  
For some glaciers, the pressure gets too much.  

333  
00:36:23,440 --> 00:36:26,680  
开始加速移动。  
They start to accelerate.  

334  
00:36:31,400 --> 00:36:33,639  
斯瓦尔巴的冰川与众不同。  
Svalbard's glaciers are unusual.  

335  
00:36:33,640 --> 00:36:36,320  
许多静止多年后突然爆发式前进。  
Many remain motionless for years and then suddenly take off.  

336  
00:36:42,880 --> 00:36:45,080  
这些跃动冰川是地球上移动最快的，  
These surging glaciers are some of the fastest on earth,  

337  
00:36:46,600 --> 00:36:51,239  
尤其当夏季融水润滑时。  
especially when summer meltwater lubricates them.  

338  
00:36:51,240 --> 00:36:54,080  
每日可移动25米。  
They can reach speeds of up to 25 metres per day.  

339  
00:37:07,080 --> 00:37:09,400  
前端承受后方冰体的巨大压力，  
At the face, the colossal weight of ice pushes from behind,  

340  
00:37:12,040 --> 00:37:15,400  
底部则受暖流侵蚀。  
while below, the warming sea erodes the base.  

341  
00:37:17,160 --> 00:37:20,560  
崩溃在所难免。  
Something has to give.  

342  
00:38:16,640 --> 00:38:21,359  
但这不仅是毁灭之力。  
But this is not just a destructive force.  

343  
00:38:21,360 --> 00:38:24,240  
冰川与海的相遇之处，生命更显蓬勃。  
Where the glacier meets the sea, it enhances life.  

344  
00:38:30,200 --> 00:38:34,399  
尽管危机四伏，三趾鸥与海鸥  
In spite of the danger, kittiwakes and gulls  

345  
00:38:34,400 --> 00:38:36,800  
仍成千上万聚集到冰崖前。  
are flocking in their thousands to the ice front.  

346  
00:38:41,600 --> 00:38:42,936  
就在崩塌区，它们开始觅食。  
Right in the impact zone, they start to feed.  

347  
00:38:53,200 --> 00:38:54,000  
当冰川下的融水  
Where the meltwater flowing under the glacier reaches  

348  
00:38:54,001 --> 00:38:56,999  
汇入海洋，便在坠冰前  
the sea, it billows upwards  

349  
00:38:57,000 --> 00:39:00,000  
翻涌而上。  
right in front of the falling ice.  

350  
00:39:05,040 --> 00:39:09,479  
这股寒流上升时，  
As this plume of freezing water rises,  

351  
00:39:09,480 --> 00:39:11,600  
震晕浮游生物并将其带至水面，  
it stuns tiny plankton and brings them to the surface,  

352  
00:39:17,280 --> 00:39:20,640  
这场微观盛宴如此丰盛，值得以命相搏。  
A microscopic feast so rich it's worth risking your life for.  

353  
00:39:28,240 --> 00:39:29,920  
但必须时刻保持警觉。  
But you've got to keep your wits about you.  

354  
00:40:03,520 --> 00:40:05,080  
来此的不止鸟类。  
It's not only birds that come here.  

355  
00:40:10,400 --> 00:40:13,279  
白鲸群。  
Beluga whales.  

356  
00:40:13,280 --> 00:40:15,640  
幼鲸还未长出成体的纯白色。  
Young calves that don't yet have the white colour of adults.  

357  
00:40:19,520 --> 00:40:23,959  
它们以家族为单位游弋，捕食  
They swim in their family pods, feeding on fish  

358  
00:40:23,960 --> 00:40:26,280  
以冰崖底部的浮游生物为生的鱼群。  
that in turn eat the plankton at the foot of the ice cliff.  

359  
00:40:28,560 --> 00:40:33,239  
尽管捕鲸业曾使它们濒临灭绝，  
Though the years of whaling almost wiped them out,  

360  
00:40:33,240 --> 00:40:37,439  
1961年终于获得保护。  
in 1961, they were finally given protection.  

361  
00:40:37,440 --> 00:40:40,880  
如今已越来越常见，  
Today, they are becoming a much more common sight,  

362  
00:40:43,120 --> 00:40:46,999  
尤其在冰川与海洋交汇处。  
especially where the glaciers meet the sea.  

363  
00:41:00,320 --> 00:41:04,879  
仲夏时节的斯瓦尔巴，  
By mid-summer, there is more life in Svalbard  

364  
00:41:04,880 --> 00:41:08,079  
生命比任何时候都繁盛。  
than at any other time of the year.  

365  
00:41:08,080 --> 00:41:11,279  
鸟崖已鸟满为患。  
The bird cliffs are now at full capacity.  

366  
00:41:11,280 --> 00:41:13,840  
每处岩脊都被占据。  
Every ledge is taken.  

367  
00:41:18,200 --> 00:41:20,199  
雏鸟三周前破壳，  
The chicks hatched three weeks ago,  

368  
00:41:20,200 --> 00:41:22,679  
现在必须争分夺秒喂饱它们。  
and the race is now on to feed them fast enough.  

369  
00:41:22,680 --> 00:41:25,160  
再过三周就必须离巢。  
In just three more weeks, they must be out of here.  

370  
00:41:32,800 --> 00:41:36,120  
下方苔原也孕育着新生。  
Down below, the tundra too is alive with new life.  

371  
00:42:02,760 --> 00:42:07,519  
驯鹿终于换上凉爽的夏装，  
The reindeer have finally got their cool summer coats  

372  
00:42:07,520 --> 00:42:09,880  
雄鹿炫耀着新生的壮观鹿角。  
and the males are sporting impressive new antlers.  

373  
00:42:18,520 --> 00:42:23,479  
北极狐夫妇比以往更忙碌。  
The fox couple are busier than ever.  

374  
00:42:23,480 --> 00:42:26,160  
六只幼崽让捕食压力倍增。  
They've had six pups, and the pressure is on to feed them.  

375  
00:42:28,880 --> 00:42:32,200  
不到一个月幼崽就必须成年。  
They will need to be fully grown in less than a month.  

376  
00:42:38,600 --> 00:42:41,439  
北极狐幼崽拒绝分享食物。  
Arctic fox cubs don't like to share food.  

377  
00:42:41,440 --> 00:42:45,279  
冬季来临后它们将独自生存，  
When the winter comes, they will be completely on their own,  

378  
00:42:45,280 --> 00:42:48,519  
所以从一开始就要  
so they need to learn to fend for themselves  

379  
00:42:48,520 --> 00:42:49,760  
学会自力更生。  
right from the start.  

380  
00:42:57,960 --> 00:43:01,280  
对父母而言，现在是最艰难时期，  
But for the parents, now is the crunch time as they work  

381  
00:43:02,960 --> 00:43:06,240  
它们24小时不间断地  
24 hours a day making many thousands of journeys  

382  
00:43:07,720 --> 00:43:12,439  
往返巢穴运送食物。  
to the den with food.  

383  
00:43:12,440 --> 00:43:14,519  
它们精疲力竭，消耗的能量  
They become exhausted, using up more energy  

384  
00:43:14,520 --> 00:43:16,400  
比整个冬季都多。  
than through the whole of the winter.  

385  
00:43:23,920 --> 00:43:27,280  
空中交通已进入白热化阶段，  
In the skies above, aerial traffic has reached fever pitch  

386  
00:43:29,080 --> 00:43:33,119  
鸟群疯狂往返以满足  
as the birds frantically try to keep up with the demands  

387  
00:43:33,120 --> 00:43:35,600  
幼鸟的需求。  
of their offspring.  

388  
00:43:39,760 --> 00:43:41,919  
当它们穿梭于  
But as they shuttle back and forth,  

389  
00:43:41,920 --> 00:43:44,159  
海洋与悬崖之间运送食物时，  
bringing food from the ocean to the cliffs,  

390  
00:43:44,160 --> 00:43:46,400  
所做的远不止哺育后代。  
they do much more than feed their chicks.

261  
00:28:57,200 --> 00:29:00,279  
在冰缘度过寒冬后，  
After spending the winter at the edge of the sea ice,  

262  
00:29:00,280 --> 00:29:03,959  
它们重返斯瓦尔巴海岸。  
they now return to Svalbard's shores.  

263  
00:29:03,960 --> 00:29:07,679  
成群结队登上最爱的海滩，  
They haul out on their favourite beaches  

264  
00:29:07,680 --> 00:29:09,120  
这是去年秋天以来的首次登陆。  
for the first time since last Autumn.  

265  
00:29:10,200 --> 00:29:14,199  
无论雌雄都长着獠牙，  
Both males and females have tusks,  

266  
00:29:14,200 --> 00:29:18,559  
有些长度超过一米。  
some over a metre long.  

267  
00:29:18,560 --> 00:29:20,640  
獠牙越大，地位越高。  
The bigger the tusks, the more important you are.  

268  
00:29:22,280 --> 00:29:25,600  
也是抵御北极熊的利器，  
They're also a good defence against polar bears  

269  
00:29:27,360 --> 00:29:30,720  
更是支撑沉重头颅的天然支架。  
and useful props for a heavy head.  

270  
00:29:39,720 --> 00:29:44,359  
它们英俊的胡须与奇特口腔  
It's their handsome whiskers and extraordinary mouths  

271  
00:29:44,360 --> 00:29:47,719  
才是最宝贵的资产，  
that are their most important assets,  

272  
00:29:47,720 --> 00:29:50,160  
不过要等到觅食时才能大显身手，  
but they don't come into their own until they go out foraging,  

273  
00:29:53,800 --> 00:29:58,119  
但它们并不着急。  
and they're in no hurry.  

274  
00:29:58,120 --> 00:30:01,000  
海象的午休能持续整整一周。  
Walrus siestas can last a week.  

275  
00:30:16,520 --> 00:30:21,319  
当它们终于决定下水时，  
When they finally decide to go for a swim,  

276  
00:30:21,320 --> 00:30:24,039  
总有新奇方式  
there are some novel ways of getting all that way  

277  
00:30:24,040 --> 00:30:26,679  
挪进海中。  
down to the water.  

278  
00:30:57,960 --> 00:31:00,320  
一旦入水，这些奇特构造就派上用场。  
Once they're in, their strange features begin to make sense.  

279  
00:31:05,520 --> 00:31:07,159  
庞大身躯变得轻盈。  
The giant body becomes weightless.  

280  
00:31:07,160 --> 00:31:10,399  
仅用鼻子抵着海床，  
With just its nose on the seabed,  

281  
00:31:10,400 --> 00:31:13,279  
通过鼻孔喷射高压水流冲开泥沙，  
it blasts away the mud with high pressure jets of water  

282  
00:31:13,280 --> 00:31:16,719  
同时用500根超敏感胡须  
forced through its nostrils, feeling around  

283  
00:31:16,720 --> 00:31:19,160  
搜寻最爱的美食——  
with its 500 highly sensitive whiskers for its favourite food,  

284  
00:31:20,600 --> 00:31:24,719  
蛤蜊。  
clams.  

285  
00:31:24,720 --> 00:31:26,520  
它对蛤蜊情有独钟。  
It just loves clams.  

286  
00:31:39,480 --> 00:31:44,279  
发现蛤蜊后，就用独特的真空吸口  
When it finds the clams, it sucks the flesh  

287  
00:31:44,280 --> 00:31:46,120  
将肉质直接吸出。  
right out of them with its unique vacuum mouth.  

288  
00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:53,079  
海象每天能吃掉上千只蛤蜊，  
A walrus can consume over 1,000 clams a day  

289  
00:31:53,080 --> 00:31:55,680  
却不会吞下任何贝壳。  
without eating a single shell.  

290  
00:32:05,600 --> 00:32:10,279  
但这些神奇生物  
But these extraordinary animals  

291  
00:32:10,280 --> 00:32:12,599  
直到近年才恢复种群。  
have only recently been making a comeback.  

292  
00:32:12,600 --> 00:32:15,960  
不久前它们曾濒临灭绝。  
Not long ago, they were brought to the brink of extinction.  

293  
00:32:21,760 --> 00:32:26,479  
海滩不远处  
Just beyond their beach  

294  
00:32:26,480 --> 00:32:28,400  
散落着形似混凝土的怪异块状物。  
are strange lumps of what appears to be concrete.  

295  
00:32:34,720 --> 00:32:39,439  
这些环形遗迹中央曾架设大锅，  
In the middle of these rings were once great cauldrons  

296  
00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:43,079  
用于熬煮斯瓦尔巴海洋生物的脂肪  
in which the blubber from Svalbard's sea creatures  

297  
00:32:43,080 --> 00:32:45,000  
提炼珍贵油脂。  
was melted down into precious oil.  

298  
00:32:49,760 --> 00:32:52,679  
年复一年，溢出的油脂  
Year after year, as the oil spilled over,  

299  
00:32:52,680 --> 00:32:56,359  
与周围沙石凝结  
it congealed with the surrounding sand  

300  
00:32:56,360 --> 00:32:58,520  
硬化成石。  
and set into stone.  

301  
00:33:03,840 --> 00:33:06,040  
附近遗迹印证着这场屠杀的规模，  
Nearby is the evidence of the scale of this destruction,  

302  
00:33:11,560 --> 00:33:14,920  
数千头白鲸的骸骨。  
The bones of thousands of beluga whales.  

303  
00:33:23,120 --> 00:33:28,079  
早在煤矿闻名之前，  
Long before it was known for its coal,  

304  
00:33:28,080 --> 00:33:30,400  
斯瓦尔巴就是捕猎鲸鱼和海象的胜地。  
Svalbard was one of the places to hunt whales and walruses.  

305  
00:33:36,800 --> 00:33:40,879  
它们的油脂曾照亮欧洲工业时代的灯盏，  
Their oil once lit the lamps and lubricated the machinery  

306  
00:33:40,880 --> 00:33:43,840  
润滑机械。  
of industrial Europe.  

307  
00:33:48,200 --> 00:33:51,319  
持续300年的屠杀  
For 300 years, the slaughter continued  

308  
00:33:51,320 --> 00:33:54,080  
直到几乎无物可杀。  
until there was almost nothing left to kill.  

309  
00:34:01,880 --> 00:34:05,599  
人类也付出了代价。  
But it took its toll on humans too.  

310  
00:34:05,600 --> 00:34:10,239  
随着冻土  
As the ground repeatedly freezes then thaws every year,  

311  
00:34:10,240 --> 00:34:11,679  
年复一年冻融循环，  
anything buried is pushed to the surface.  

312  
00:34:11,680 --> 00:34:15,000  
埋葬之物都被推上地表。  
A whaler's grave.  

313  
00:34:21,040 --> 00:34:24,440  
捕鲸人的坟墓。  

314  
00:34:31,840 --> 00:34:36,599  
尽管财富与冒险的承诺吸引众人  
Though the promise of wealth and adventure drew many  

315  
00:34:36,600 --> 00:34:39,279  
来到这些偏远捕鲸站，  
to these remote whaling stations, life expectancy  

316  
00:34:39,280 --> 00:34:42,040  
但这里人均寿命极短，甚至要自带棺材。  
was so short you even had to bring your own coffin.  

317  
00:35:08,480 --> 00:35:10,479  
七月是最热的月份。  
July is the hottest month.  

318  
00:35:10,480 --> 00:35:15,399  
就连深入山脉的峡湾  
Even the great fjords that cut right into the mountains  

319  
00:35:15,400 --> 00:35:18,679  
也消尽了浮冰，夏日热浪触发  
are free of sea ice, and the summer heat kickstarts  

320  
00:35:18,680 --> 00:35:21,920  
又一轮滋养生命的连锁反应。  
another chain of events that benefits life here.  

321  
00:35:23,520 --> 00:35:27,959  
长久以来，  
For so long, the  

322  
00:35:27,960 --> 00:35:33,639  
冰层连接着陆地与海洋。  
land and sea were united by ice.  

323  
00:35:33,640 --> 00:35:35,439  
如今，开阔水域轻抚着  
Now, open water laps against the faces  

324  
00:35:35,440 --> 00:35:38,160  
斯瓦尔巴冰川的崖壁。  
of Svalbard's great glaciers.  

325  
00:35:46,680 --> 00:35:50,879  
冰川末端后方，  
Behind the face, the glacier stretches  

326  
00:35:50,880 --> 00:35:52,840  
冰体向远山延伸，  
into the distant mountains,  

327  
00:35:54,160 --> 00:35:58,639  
数十亿吨冰层  
billions of tonnes of ice  

328  
00:35:58,640 --> 00:35:59,880  
向海岸推进。  
pushing down towards the coast.  

329  
00:36:04,360 --> 00:36:06,839  
当阳光融化冰川表面的冰雪，  
As the sun starts to melt the ice on the glacier surface,  

330  
00:36:06,840 --> 00:36:11,719  
融水向下渗透，润滑着  
water funnels downwards and lubricates the junction  

331  
00:36:11,720 --> 00:36:14,120  
冰川重压下的岩冰交界处。  
between rock and ice under the immense weight of the glacier.  

332  
00:36:19,240 --> 00:36:23,439  
某些冰川不堪重压。  
For some glaciers, the pressure gets too much.  

333  
00:36:23,440 --> 00:36:26,680  
开始加速移动。  
They start to accelerate.  

334  
00:36:31,400 --> 00:36:33,639  
斯瓦尔巴的冰川与众不同。  
Svalbard's glaciers are unusual.  

335  
00:36:33,640 --> 00:36:36,320  
许多静止多年后突然爆发式前进。  
Many remain motionless for years and then suddenly take off.  

336  
00:36:42,880 --> 00:36:45,080  
这些跃动冰川是地球上移动最快的，  
These surging glaciers are some of the fastest on earth,  

337  
00:36:46,600 --> 00:36:51,239  
尤其当夏季融水润滑时。  
especially when summer meltwater lubricates them.  

338  
00:36:51,240 --> 00:36:54,080  
每日可移动25米。  
They can reach speeds of up to 25 metres per day.  

339  
00:37:07,080 --> 00:37:09,400  
前端承受后方冰体的巨大压力，  
At the face, the colossal weight of ice pushes from behind,  

340  
00:37:12,040 --> 00:37:15,400  
底部则受暖流侵蚀。  
while below, the warming sea erodes the base.  

341  
00:37:17,160 --> 00:37:20,560  
崩溃在所难免。  
Something has to give.  

342  
00:38:16,640 --> 00:38:21,359  
但这不仅是毁灭之力。  
But this is not just a destructive force.  

343  
00:38:21,360 --> 00:38:24,240  
冰川与海的相遇之处，生命更显蓬勃。  
Where the glacier meets the sea, it enhances life.  

344  
00:38:30,200 --> 00:38:34,399  
尽管危机四伏，三趾鸥与海鸥  
In spite of the danger, kittiwakes and gulls  

345  
00:38:34,400 --> 00:38:36,800  
仍成千上万聚集到冰崖前。  
are flocking in their thousands to the ice front.  

346  
00:38:41,600 --> 00:38:42,936  
就在崩塌区，它们开始觅食。  
Right in the impact zone, they start to feed.  

347  
00:38:53,200 --> 00:38:54,000  
当冰川下的融水  
Where the meltwater flowing under the glacier reaches  

348  
00:38:54,001 --> 00:38:56,999  
汇入海洋，便在坠冰前  
the sea, it billows upwards  

349  
00:38:57,000 --> 00:39:00,000  
翻涌而上。  
right in front of the falling ice.  

350  
00:39:05,040 --> 00:39:09,479  
这股寒流上升时，  
As this plume of freezing water rises,  

351  
00:39:09,480 --> 00:39:11,600  
震晕浮游生物并将其带至水面，  
it stuns tiny plankton and brings them to the surface,  

352  
00:39:17,280 --> 00:39:20,640  
这场微观盛宴如此丰盛，值得以命相搏。  
A microscopic feast so rich it's worth risking your life for.  

353  
00:39:28,240 --> 00:39:29,920  
但必须时刻保持警觉。  
But you've got to keep your wits about you.  

354  
00:40:03,520 --> 00:40:05,080  
来此的不止鸟类。  
It's not only birds that come here.  

355  
00:40:10,400 --> 00:40:13,279  
白鲸群。  
Beluga whales.  

356  
00:40:13,280 --> 00:40:15,640  
幼鲸还未长出成体的纯白色。  
Young calves that don't yet have the white colour of adults.  

357  
00:40:19,520 --> 00:40:23,959  
它们以家族为单位游弋，捕食  
They swim in their family pods, feeding on fish  

358  
00:40:23,960 --> 00:40:26,280  
以冰崖底部的浮游生物为生的鱼群。  
that in turn eat the plankton at the foot of the ice cliff.  

359  
00:40:28,560 --> 00:40:33,239  
尽管捕鲸业曾使它们濒临灭绝，  
Though the years of whaling almost wiped them out,  

360  
00:40:33,240 --> 00:40:37,439  
1961年终于获得保护。  
in 1961, they were finally given protection.  

361  
00:40:37,440 --> 00:40:40,880  
如今已越来越常见，  
Today, they are becoming a much more common sight,  

362  
00:40:43,120 --> 00:40:46,999  
尤其在冰川与海洋交汇处。  
especially where the glaciers meet the sea.  

363  
00:41:00,320 --> 00:41:04,879  
仲夏时节的斯瓦尔巴，  
By mid-summer, there is more life in Svalbard  

364  
00:41:04,880 --> 00:41:08,079  
生命比任何时候都繁盛。  
than at any other time of the year.  

365  
00:41:08,080 --> 00:41:11,279  
鸟崖已鸟满为患。  
The bird cliffs are now at full capacity.  

366  
00:41:11,280 --> 00:41:13,840  
每处岩脊都被占据。  
Every ledge is taken.  

367  
00:41:18,200 --> 00:41:20,199  
雏鸟三周前破壳，  
The chicks hatched three weeks ago,  

368  
00:41:20,200 --> 00:41:22,679  
现在必须争分夺秒喂饱它们。  
and the race is now on to feed them fast enough.  

369  
00:41:22,680 --> 00:41:25,160  
再过三周就必须离巢。  
In just three more weeks, they must be out of here.  

370  
00:41:32,800 --> 00:41:36,120  
下方苔原也孕育着新生。  
Down below, the tundra too is alive with new life.  

371  
00:42:02,760 --> 00:42:07,519  
驯鹿终于换上凉爽的夏装，  
The reindeer have finally got their cool summer coats  

372  
00:42:07,520 --> 00:42:09,880  
雄鹿炫耀着新生的壮观鹿角。  
and the males are sporting impressive new antlers.  

373  
00:42:18,520 --> 00:42:23,479  
北极狐夫妇比以往更忙碌。  
The fox couple are busier than ever.  

374  
00:42:23,480 --> 00:42:26,160  
六只幼崽让捕食压力倍增。  
They've had six pups, and the pressure is on to feed them.  

375  
00:42:28,880 --> 00:42:32,200  
不到一个月幼崽就必须成年。  
They will need to be fully grown in less than a month.  

376  
00:42:38,600 --> 00:42:41,439  
北极狐幼崽拒绝分享食物。  
Arctic fox cubs don't like to share food.  

377  
00:42:41,440 --> 00:42:45,279  
冬季来临后它们将独自生存，  
When the winter comes, they will be completely on their own,  

378  
00:42:45,280 --> 00:42:48,519  
所以从一开始就要  
so they need to learn to fend for themselves  

379  
00:42:48,520 --> 00:42:49,760  
学会自力更生。  
right from the start.  

380  
00:42:57,960 --> 00:43:01,280  
对父母而言，现在是最艰难时期，  
But for the parents, now is the crunch time as they work  

381  
00:43:02,960 --> 00:43:06,240  
它们24小时不间断地  
24 hours a day making many thousands of journeys  

382  
00:43:07,720 --> 00:43:12,439  
往返巢穴运送食物。  
to the den with food.  

383  
00:43:12,440 --> 00:43:14,519  
它们精疲力竭，消耗的能量  
They become exhausted, using up more energy  

384  
00:43:14,520 --> 00:43:16,400  
比整个冬季都多。  
than through the whole of the winter.  

385  
00:43:23,920 --> 00:43:27,280  
空中交通已进入白热化阶段，  
In the skies above, aerial traffic has reached fever pitch  

386  
00:43:29,080 --> 00:43:33,119  
鸟群疯狂往返以满足  
as the birds frantically try to keep up with the demands  

387  
00:43:33,120 --> 00:43:35,600  
幼鸟的需求。  
of their offspring.  

388  
00:43:39,760 --> 00:43:41,919  
当它们穿梭于  
But as they shuttle back and forth,  

389  
00:43:41,920 --> 00:43:44,159  
海洋与悬崖之间运送食物时，  
bringing food from the ocean to the cliffs,  

390  
00:43:44,160 --> 00:43:46,400  
所做的远不止哺育后代。  

391  
00:43:53,320 --> 00:43:57,719  
海洋的丰富养分  
Some of the ocean's rich nutrients  

392  
00:43:57,720 --> 00:43:59,040  
通过鸟群传递到陆地。  
passes straight through the birds.  

393  
00:44:05,800 --> 00:44:10,519  
当这些天然肥料从鸟崖冲刷而下，  
As all that fertiliser is washed down from the bird cliffs,  

394  
00:44:10,520 --> 00:44:13,680  
深刻影响着下方土地。  
it has a profound effect on the land below.  

395  
00:44:19,240 --> 00:44:21,800  
让驯鹿增膘过冬的青草，  
The grass that now fattens up the reindeer for winter,  

396  
00:44:23,280 --> 00:44:28,239  
滋养植物的土壤，  
the soil that nourishes the plants,  

397  
00:44:28,240 --> 00:44:30,720  
斯瓦尔巴土地的丰饶最终都源自海洋。  
the richness of Svalbard's land, ultimately comes from the sea.  

398  
00:44:42,760 --> 00:44:46,120  
七月底，斯瓦尔巴最后一批夏候鸟  
It's now late July, and the last of Svalbard's summer visitors  

399  
00:44:47,760 --> 00:44:52,679  
才刚刚安顿下来。  
are only just settling in.  

400  
00:44:52,680 --> 00:44:56,239  
北极燕鸥从地球另一端——南极  
Arctic terns have come all the way from the other end  

401  
00:44:56,240 --> 00:44:58,999  
远道而来，这是动物界最长的迁徙旅程  
of the earth, from Antarctica, the longest migration  

402  
00:44:59,000 --> 00:45:02,440  
超过三万公里。  
of any animal, over 30,000 kilometres.  

403  
00:45:09,320 --> 00:45:11,800  
但三周后它们就要再次启程，  
But in three weeks, they'll have to fly all the way back again,  

404  
00:45:13,800 --> 00:45:18,479  
而雏鸟才刚破壳。  
and their chicks have only just hatched.  

405  
00:45:18,480 --> 00:45:21,640  
短短21天后，这团绒毛  
In only 21 days' time, this ball of fluff  

406  
00:45:23,520 --> 00:45:26,880  
就要完成三万公里飞行。  
will need to fly 30,000 kilometres.  

407  
00:45:33,720 --> 00:45:35,920  
但父母的万里跋涉绝对值得。  
But it's well worth the parents travelling all this way.  

408  
00:45:40,840 --> 00:45:44,240  
斯瓦尔巴富饶水域蕴含所需全部能量。  
Svalbard's super rich waters contain all the energy required.  

409  
00:45:47,160 --> 00:45:50,520  
它们只需将养分从海洋运送到雏鸟口中。  
All they have to do is transport it from ocean to beak.  

410  
00:46:28,480 --> 00:46:33,359  
成鸟不停捕鱼时，有时不得不  
As the adults fish nonstop, sometimes they have to leave  

411  
00:46:33,360 --> 00:46:35,720  
留下雏鸟独自留守，而燕鸥的地面巢穴  
a chick on its own, and because terns nest on the ground,  

412  
00:46:38,560 --> 00:46:41,960  
让幼雏危机四伏。  
that can make it vulnerable.  

413  
00:46:47,160 --> 00:46:48,359  
消退的海冰迫使斯瓦尔巴顶级  
The retreating sea ice has now forced Svalbard's largest  

414  
00:46:48,360 --> 00:46:50,560  
掠食者登陆，它正朝这边走来。  
predator onto the land, and it's coming this way.  

415  
00:46:58,040 --> 00:46:59,640  
这是北极熊最艰难的时期。  
Now is the toughest time for polar bears.  

416  
00:47:04,320 --> 00:47:04,920  
在陆地上每多待一天  
It loses a kilo of body weight for every day it spends  

417  
00:47:04,921 --> 00:47:08,599  
就减重一公斤。  
on the land.  

418  
00:47:08,600 --> 00:47:10,840  
伟大的冰原霸主沦为拾荒者，  
The great ice bear turns scavenger,  

419  
00:47:12,600 --> 00:47:16,519  
饥肠辘辘。  
and he's starving.  

420  
00:47:37,560 --> 00:47:40,880  
此刻暴露行踪绝非明智之举。  
Not a good moment to break your cover.  

421  
00:48:01,800 --> 00:48:03,640  
但雏鸟的求救声已被听见。  
But the chick's cries for help have been heard.  

422  
00:48:08,680 --> 00:48:13,639  
燕鸥看似娇弱，  
Terns may look dainty,  

423  
00:48:13,640 --> 00:48:15,680  
实则极具攻击性且无所畏惧。  
but they are highly aggressive and totally fearless.  

424  
00:48:21,280 --> 00:48:24,640  
连续攻击让熊敏感的鼻子挂了彩。  
Repeated attacks draw blood from the bear's sensitive nose.  

425  
00:48:32,240 --> 00:48:36,879  
北极顶级掠食者  
The arctic's top predator  

426  
00:48:36,880 --> 00:48:39,240  
竟被最小的鸟类驱逐。  
driven away by one of its smallest birds.  

427  
00:49:01,280 --> 00:49:06,079  
八月底，  
By the end of August,  

428  
00:49:06,080 --> 00:49:07,920  
斯瓦尔巴已重归黑暗。  
Svalbard is already returning to the dark time.  

429  
00:49:11,480 --> 00:49:14,000  
夏候鸟必须即刻启程。  
Svalbard's summer visitors must now leave.  

430  
00:49:18,960 --> 00:49:21,039  
它们已享受丰盛夏日，  
They've reaped the benefits of the rich summer,  

431  
00:49:21,040 --> 00:49:23,640  
但若滞留此地只有死路一条。  
but if they stay here any longer, they'll die.  

432  
00:49:31,400 --> 00:49:35,879  
父母们强迫羽翼未丰的幼鸟  
As parents now force their young to take flight,  

433  
00:49:35,880 --> 00:49:38,560  
提前启程，  
some before they're really ready,  

434  
00:49:43,800 --> 00:49:45,520  
狐狸在饥荒来临前享用最后的盛宴。  
Foxes get a last feast before the lean time.  

435  
00:49:50,480 --> 00:49:54,559  
驯鹿仍在埋头进食。  
Reindeer just keep on grazing.  

436  
00:49:54,560 --> 00:49:58,919  
此刻的进食量  
What they eat now  

437  
00:49:58,920 --> 00:49:59,480  
决定能否熬过寒冬。  
decides whether they will make it through.  

438  
00:50:18,360 --> 00:50:21,400  
唯有一种生物欢迎寒冬降临。  
Only one creature here welcomes the coming winter.  

439  
00:50:42,200 --> 00:50:44,280  
当太阳最后一次沉入地平线，  
As the sun drops below the horizon for the last time,  

440  
00:50:44,720 --> 00:50:48,040  
斯瓦尔巴重归地球暗面，  
and Svalbard moves back onto the dark side of the earth,  

441  
00:50:49,560 --> 00:50:53,000  
伟大的变迁再次上演。  
the big change comes once more.