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[播放法国音乐]
[French music playing]

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雷：法国   
RAY:  France...

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对于我们中的许多人来说 我们想象着城市的风景 
For many of us, we picture city sights,

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繁华的街道 
bustling streets,

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咖啡文化 
and cafe culture.

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但如果我们深入这个国家 
But if we head deeper in to the country,

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还有另一面是狂野而野性的 
there's another side that's wild and untamed.

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雷：我真的很喜欢法国 
RAY: I really love France.

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这是博物学家的梦想 
It's a naturalist's dream.

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原因是你在这里发现了各种不同的栖息地 
The reason for that is all the different habitats that you find here.

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在这个系列中 我将探索它们 寻找许多隐藏的
In this series, I'm going to explore them in search of the many hidden

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令人惊奇的是 在法国的野外竟然能找到这样的生物 
wonders that there are to be found in wild France.

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我将前往法国一些最壮观的地区 
I'll be traveling to some of the most spectacular regions of France.

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从白雪皑皑的山脉   
From the snow-capped mountains...

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到连绵起伏的平原 
to the rolling plains.

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从森林深处   
From deep forest...

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崎岖的海岸线 
to rugged coastline.

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并发现这个国家提供的非凡多样的景观 
And discovering the extraordinary variety of landscapes that this country offers.

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啊！
Ah!

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这样好多了 
That's so much better.

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我将探索那些茁壮成长的独特植物和野生动物
I'll be exploring the unique plants and wildlife that thrive

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在这片未受破坏的荒野中   
in this unspoilt wilderness...

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你好
Hello!

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以及深藏其中的秘密   
and the secrets that are hidden deep within it...

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哇！太神奇了 
Wow! That's amazing.

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我在狂野的法国探险 
on my adventure through wild France.

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[戏剧性的音乐播放]
[dramatic music playing]

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在我旅程的第一站 
For the first leg of my journey,

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我在阿尔卑斯山探索山脉 
I'm in the Alps to explore the mountains.

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从最底层开始 那里的草地郁郁葱葱 
From the very bottom, where the meadows are lush and green,

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直到生命稀少、地形平坦的最顶端
up to the very top where the life is sparse and the terrain

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光秃秃的 像苔原一样 
is bare and tundra-like,

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寻找在这片山地景观中生存的稀有野生动物 
searching for the rare wildlife that survives in this mountainous landscape.

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这些是阿尔卑斯山 事实上 这些是高阿尔卑斯山 
These are the Alps. In fact, these are the high Alps,

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法国最高的山脉 
the tallest mountains in France,

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比英国的任何东西都高出三倍 
three times higher than anything we have in Britain.

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虽然他们充满敌意 气势磅礴 
While they're hostile and imposing,

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它们的栖息地也非常丰富 
they're also incredibly rich in habitat,

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因此 在野生动物中 
and, consequently, in wildlife.

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阿尔卑斯山是欧洲最大的山脉 
The Alps are the largest mountain range in Europe.

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它们从斯洛文尼亚一路延伸到八个国家
They stretch across eight countries, all the way from Slovenia

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深入法国东南部 
down into the Southeast of France.

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我正在参观罗纳阿尔卑斯地区的瓦努瓦斯国家公园 
I'm visiting the Vanoise National Park in the Rhone Alps region.

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阿尔卑斯山是经过数百万年形成的 
The Alps were formed over many millions of years,

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这是非洲板块和欧亚板块碰撞的结果 
resulting from the collision of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates.

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而他们的位置 就在欧洲中部 
And their location, right in the middle of Europe,

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再加上极端的海拔 
coupled with the extremes of elevation,

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这意味着这里的天气非常恶劣 
mean that the weather here is as harsh as it comes.

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你一天中有从阳光到雪的一切 
You have everything from sunshine to snow in a day.

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所有在这里生存的野生动物都必须以某种方式适应 
All the wildlife that survives here has in some way or other to adapt,

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从最低级的植物到住在这里的人们 
from the lowliest plant right up to the people who live here.

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该地区以滑雪胜地而闻名 
The region is well known for its ski resorts,

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但一旦雪融化 春夏两季
but once the snow melts, the Spring and Summer months

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为山展现新的一面 
reveal a new side to the mountain.

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这确实是一年中参观的最佳时间 
This really is the best time of year to visit.

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草地上到处都是五颜六色的东西
All around, the meadow is filling with bursts of color

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在像这些高山攀枝花和蓝姜这样的植物中 
in plants like these Alpine Pansies and Blue Gingers.

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阿尔卑斯山的花朵是许多昆虫的觅食地 
The Alpine flowers are a feeding ground for a whole host of insects,

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以及牛和山羊的重要牧场 
and important grazing grounds for cattle and goats.

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在这里 社区仍然过着传统的牧羊人生活 
Up here, communities still live a traditional shepherd lifestyle.

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Audrey Chevasu是当地的牧羊人
Audrey Chevassu is a local goat herder

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也是该地区最好的山羊奶酪制造商之一 
and one of the best goat's cheese makers in the region.

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奥黛丽 你有多少只山羊？
How many goats have you got, Audrey?

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-一百 -一百 
- One hundred. - A hundred.

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雷：好吧 我们今天要把这些搬走 是吗？
RAY: Okay, and we're going to move these today, are we?

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是的 我们上去了 你能帮帮我吗？
Yes, we go up, so can you help me?

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我当然可以 是的 
Of course I can, yeah.

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我给你一根棍子 
I give you a stick.

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就待在后面 把最后一个放进去 
Just stay at the back and put the last one.

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奥迪：不要太快 
AUDREY: Not too fast.

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[平静的音乐播放]
[calm music playing]

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雷：今天我要帮奥黛丽把山羊搬到他们的夏季牧场 
RAY:  Today I'm helping Audrey to move the goats up to their Summer pastures,

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当他们有一百个人的时候 这并不容易 
which isn't easy when there's a hundred of them.

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[山羊铃响]
[goat bells ringing]

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[说法语]
[speaking French]

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当冬天变成春天 
As Winter turns to Spring,

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雪逐渐融化 露出了新鲜的牧场 
the snow gradually melts, uncovering fresh pastures.

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随着冰川向上融化 
As the thaw works its way up the mountain,

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牧民们把他们的牲畜搬到新鲜的斜槽上觅食 
the herders move their animals up to feed on the fresh chutes.

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[山羊咩咩叫]
[goat bleating]

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完全不同的生活节奏 
A whole different pace of life.

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这就像时光倒流 它很可爱 
It's like stepping back in time. It's lovely.

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奥黛丽不是牧民出身
Audrey doesn't come from a family of herders

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但当她和当地农民一起工作时 她爱上了这种生活方式
but she fell in the love with the lifestyle when working with a local famer

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并决定自己当牧羊人 
and decided to become a goat herder herself.

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即使再往山上走200米 
Even just 200 meters further up the mountain,

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新鲜的牧场提供了甜美、柔软的新生植物 
the fresh pasture offers luscious, soft new grow.

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山羊持续的短时间放牧使草地保持健康 
The goats' constant short periods of grazing keep the meadow healthy.

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环顾这片草地 草药的丰富程度令人惊讶 
Looking around this meadow, it is astonishing how rich it is in herbs.

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我能清楚地理解为什么放牧很好
I can understand clearly why it's great grazing

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对于生产奶酪的人来说 
for people producing cheese.

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当然 几个世纪以来 这些地区确实相当贫困 
These areas, of course, for centuries were really quite impoverished.

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住在山里生活很艰苦 
It was a hard life living here in the mountains.

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如果你这样做了 你就完全被切断了 
And if you did, you were quite cut off.

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这意味着你必须非常自力更生 
That meant you had to be very self reliant,

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以及与这些流动的动物群一起生活的人们
and the people living this lifestyle with these mobile herds of animals

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他们不得不翻山越岭
they had to take up and down the mountains

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将依靠山上的植物作为食物和药物 
would rely upon the plants in the mountains for food and for medicine.

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例如 看看这个欧洲樱草
For example, look at this Cowslip.

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现在 我们不鼓励任何人在英国选择考斯皮尔斯
Now, we wouldn't encourage anyone to pick Cowslips in the UK

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因为它们不太常见 我们已经没有以前的栖息地了 
because they're not so common, we don't have the habitat that we once did.

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但在法国的这一地区 它们经常被采摘 
But here, in this part of France, they are quite often picked.

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人们会从花中吮吸花蜜 
People will suck the nectar out of the flower.

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只是一种非常温和的甜味 
Just a very mild sweetness there.

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它还有其他用途 
And it has other uses.

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除了用于给肉调味和酿酒外 
As well as being used to flavor meat and make wine,

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在过去 当地人认为金龟子花可以治疗失眠 
in times gone by, locals believed Cowslip flowers were a cure for insomnia.

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我们希望山羊今晚能留在这里 
Let's hope that the goats stay here now tonight.

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呃 我们得去谷仓挤牛奶
Uh, we must have to go in the barn to milk

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只是一两天 但之后 我们会走得更远 
just for one or two days, but after, when we will be further,

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我们必须有一台移动式挤奶机 
we must have a mobile milking machine.

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雷：所以你真的把机器带给山羊了？
RAY: So you actually bring the machine out to the goats?

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奥迪：是的 机器跟着山羊 
AUDREY: Yes. The machine follows the goats.

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雷：所以 真的 你的生活和山羊的生活
RAY: So, really, your life and the life of the goats

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与山的生活完全融为一体 
is completely at one with the life of the mountain.

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奥迪：完全是 随着季节和自然的变化 是的 
AUDREY: Completely, with more the season and the nature, yes.

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-雷：我喜欢你的办公室非常感谢 
- RAY: I love your office. - Thank you.

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-太棒了 -[笑]
- It's fantastic. - [laughs]

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[平静的音乐播放]
[calm music playing]

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雷：草地真是一个田园诗般的环境 
RAY:  The meadow really is an idyllic setting,

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奥黛丽已经去野餐了 
and Audrey has laid on a picnic.

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她让我去找沙拉 
She's asked me to forage for the salad.

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我们做得很好 不是吗？
We've done quite well, haven't we?

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我为你找到了一些女士斗篷 
I found some Lady's Mantle for you.

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当然 还有蒲公英 
Of course, there's the Dandelion,

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它的名字来源于狮子的牙齿
which gets its name from  dent-de-lion, tooth of the lion

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因为叶子的锯齿状边缘 
because of the jagged edge to the leaf.

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但我想你也叫它皮森利特？
But I think you also call it  pissenlit ?

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-奥迪：皮森利特 -皮森利特 
- AUDREY:  Pissenlit. -  Pissenlit.

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这也是一个古英语单词 
And that's an Old English word for it too,

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这是“尿床” 因为它会让人尿床 
which is "piss a bed" because it can make people wet the bed.

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- 好吧  - 这很迷人 
- AUDREY: Okay. - It's fascinating.

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但在沙拉里加点就行了 
But a little in a salad's all right.

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然后还有一些——我发现了很多药物 
And then there are some-- I found quite a lot of medicines.

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还有雅罗 嗯   
There's Yarrow, and umm...

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我们有伤口麦芽汁 
We've got wound wort,

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小马的脚 对咳嗽和喉咙痛非常有益 
and colts foot, very good for coughs, sore throats.

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这里有什么药真是太神奇了 
It's amazing what medicines there are here.

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有一些越橘 你可以用它泡茶 
There's some bilberry, you can make tea from that.

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车前草 不过 我会把它删掉 因为它很苦 
Plantain. I'm going to leave that out though because it is very bitter.

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我开始切些沙拉好吗？我要把药用植物扔掉 
Shall I start cutting up some salad? I'll get rid of the medicine plants.

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在过去 这些山脉在冬天会被完全切断 
In the past, these mountains would have been completely cut off in winter time,

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因此 山羊奶酪等食物被保存起来食用
so food items like goats cheese were preserved to be eaten

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当村民们被雪困住时 
when the villagers were snowbound.

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太可爱了 
That's lovely.

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它的味道确实有点像草地 
It does taste a little bit like the meadow.

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- [笑]是的 当然  - 雷：有花香 
- [laughs] Yes. Sure. - RAY: There is a floral aroma.

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奥迪：所以这是生牛奶 而这个   
AUDREY: So it's raw milk. And this one...

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雷：我想我要加一点沙拉 
RAY: I think I'm going to add a little bit of salad to mine.

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-奥迪：是的  - 雷：太棒了 
- AUDREY: Yes.  - RAY: That's wonderful.

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美味 嗯 
Delicious. Mm.

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喂！别嚼我了 我不是你的食物 
Oi! Stop chewing me. I'm not your food.

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走开
Clear off. [chuckles]

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太棒了 你真的能听到这些山羊的铃铛声 
It's wonderful, you really listen to the sound of the bells on these goats.

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当然 还有草地、山羊和人民 
And of course, the meadows and the goats and the people,

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几个世纪以来 它们已经融为一体 
they've become one over all those centuries.

157
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喂！别把头蹭我的屁股了 
Oi! Stop rubbing your head on my backside.

158
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小流氓 
Little rascal.

159
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奥黛丽和她的山羊留在这里享受牧场 
Audrey and her goats are staying here to enjoy the pastures,

160
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但现在是我继续前进的时候了 
but it's time for me to move on.

161
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再往山上走 风景开始发生变化 
Further up the mountain, the landscape starts to change.

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我脚下的地面越来越粗糙 很难走 
The ground gets rougher beneath my feet, and it's tough going.

163
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但这些陡峭的断崖是理想的栖息地
But these steep broken slopes are the ideal habitat

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对于一种特定的动物 
for one particular animal.

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所以这就是我来瓦努瓦斯国家公园的原因 
So this is the reason I've come to the Vanoise National Park,

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野山羊 这是一位真正的山地专家 
the ibex. This is a real mountain specialist.

167
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野山羊是一种野生山羊 
The ibex is a type of wild goat.

168
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十万年前 野山羊生活在中欧各地 
A hundred thousand years ago, ibex lived all over central Europe,

169
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但这些天它们很罕见 
but they're a rare sight these days.

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今天 这群野山羊被标记了
Today, this herd of ibex have been tagged

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以便国家公园能够追踪它们 
so that the national park can keep track of them.

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但它们仍然是一种野生动物 可以在山上自由漫步
But they remain a wild animal, free to roam the mountains

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就像他们的祖先一样 
just as their ancestors did.

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这是一群单身汉 大多是雄性动物 
This is a bachelor herd, mostly male animals,

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你可以看到它们有非常结实、长长的角 
and you can see they've got very stocky, long horns.

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你可以通过它角上的环数来判断它的年龄 
You can tell how old the ibex is by the number of rings on its horns.

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角在冬天停止生长 
The horns stop growing in the winter,

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当极度寒冷和缺乏食物时
when extreme cold and lack of food

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这意味着他们需要保持所有的力量才能活下去 
means they need to preserve all their strength just to stay alive.

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春天来了 它们又开始生长了 
When the Spring comes, they start growing again,

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使它们易于衰老 因为一个完整的戒指代表一年的生命
making it easy to age them as one full ring represents one year of life

182
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有点像在树干上 
a bit like on a tree trunk.

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雄性的角比雌性的大得多 
The male's horns are much bigger than the female's,

184
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这是有充分理由的：
and there's a good reason for that:

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它们也被用作关键武器 
they're also used as a crucial weapon.

186
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他们正在互相测试 试图找出社会等级 
And they're testing each other, trying to work out social hierarchy.

187
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这是他们全年将继续做的事情 
It's something they'll continue to do throughout the year.

188
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这可能看起来像是嬉戏打闹 
It may look like playful fighting,

189
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但这些年轻的雄性正在确定它们在鹿群中的位置 
but these young males are working out their position in the herd.

190
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初夏 
At the start of the Summer,

191
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他们的排名是基于年龄、体型和力量 
their ranking is based on age, size, and strength.

192
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随着夏天的推移 他们开始了这些打斗游戏
As the Summer goes on, they start these play fights

193
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练习 希望在等级制度中升职 
to gain practice with the hope of moving up in the hierarchy.

194
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你可以看到它们在战斗时如何用后腿保持微妙的平衡 
You could see how they delicately balance on their hind legs when fighting.

195
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他们非常敏捷 
They're incredibly agile,

196
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这项技能帮助他们穿越崎岖的地形 
and this skill helps them travel through the rugged terrain.

197
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它们脚步轻盈 能从陡峭的悬崖底部跳下
They're so light-footed that they can hop down sheer cliff bases

198
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根本不费吹灰之力 
with no effort at all.

199
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他们甚至不需要热身；
They don't even need a warmup;

200
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一只野山羊站立起跳可以跳1.8米 
an ibex can jump 1.8 meters on a standing start.

201
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数千年来 陡峭的悬崖一直面向
For thousands of years, the steep cliff faces

202
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是野山羊躲避动物捕食者的避难所 
were a refuge for the ibex from animal predators,

203
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但当人类开始在山上狩猎时 
but when man starting hunting in the mountains,

204
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光秃秃的斜坡使他们很容易成为目标 
the bare slopes made them an easy target.

205
00:12:02,480 --> 00:12:07,280
当地公园护林员亚历克斯·卡尼尔也加入了我的行列 以了解更多信息 
I've been joined by local park ranger Alex Garnier to find out more.

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雷：30米   
RAY: 30 meters...

207
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他们还在向我们走来 
and they're still coming towards us.

208
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如果猎人在这里 野山羊永远不会跑得很快 
If the hunter is here, ibex never run away very fast.

209
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我真的能理解他们面临的问题 
I can really understand the problem that they face,

210
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我的意思是 它们的天然防御机制是爬上岩石
I mean, their natural defense mechanism is to climb up unto the rock

211
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没有其他动物可以去的地方 
where no other animal can go.

212
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但那个拿着步枪的人 对野山羊来说并没有保护作用 
But the man with the rifle, that's no protection for the ibex.

213
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很容易理解数字是如何下降的 
It's easy to understand how the numbers decline.

214
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到1963年 当公园开始建设时 
By 1963, when the park was started,

215
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瓦卢瓦兹仅存50只野山羊 
there were only 50 ibex left in the Vanoise.

216
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他们为什么被猎杀？
Why were they hunted?

217
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亚历克斯：他们被猎杀来吃肉
ALEX: They were hunted for meat

218
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因为以前在山里 人们   
because before in the mountains, people...

219
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-雷：生活很艰难   - 亚历克斯：生活很艰难 
- RAY: It was a hard life. - ALEX: Had a hard life.

220
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雷：它们也因角而被猎杀 
RAY:  They were also hunted for their horns,

221
00:13:06,680 --> 00:13:09,240
它们被认为具有药用价值 
which were thought to have medicinal qualities,

222
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还有他们心中用作幸运护身符的小骨头 
and for the small bone in their heart that was used as a lucky talisman.

223
00:13:16,560 --> 00:13:19,760
但在瓦卢瓦兹 他们做得非常出色
But here in the Vanoise, they've done an amazing job

224
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随着人口的增长 他们从这里带走动物
of increasing the population, and they take animals from here

225
00:13:23,280 --> 00:13:26,640
并将其重新安置到其他山区和保护区
and relocate them to other mountain regions and reserves

226
00:13:26,720 --> 00:13:29,600
整个法国 这是一个巨大的成功故事 
throughout France. It's been a tremendous success story.

227
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现在有1500种这种奇妙的生物
Now there are 1500 of these wonderful creatures

228
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独自住在瓦卢瓦兹 
living in the Vanoise alone.

229
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现在禁止猎杀野山羊 
Hunting ibexs is now forbidden.

230
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这些野山羊让我瞥见了数千年前这里的生活 
These ibex give me a glimpse of what life was like here thousands of years ago.

231
00:13:45,560 --> 00:13:47,800
我相信几年前 
I believe that a few years ago,

232
00:13:47,880 --> 00:13:52,120
在英国 他们在岩石上发现了石器时代的野山羊雕刻
that in Britain they found a Stone Age engraving of an ibex on a rock

233
00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:55,440
在山顶区 所以你永远不知道 
in the peak district, so you never know,

234
00:13:55,520 --> 00:13:57,880
也许有一天你会重新引入一些
one day perhaps you will have reintroduced some

235
00:13:57,960 --> 00:13:59,920
英国也是如此 
to the United Kingdom as well.

236
00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:02,760
也许 吧 [笑]
Maybe. [laughing]

237
00:14:06,080 --> 00:14:09,360
我可以观察这些令人难以置信的生物几个小时 
I could watch these incredible creatures for hours.

238
00:14:09,440 --> 00:14:13,560
但要到达山顶还有很长的路要走 
But there's still a long way to go to the top of the mountain.

239
00:14:21,240 --> 00:14:23,600
当我继续我在瓦努瓦斯的旅程时 
As I continue my journey through the Vanoise,

240
00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:27,440
这令人惊讶的风景在我面前发生了变化 
this astonishing landscape changes before me.

241
00:14:30,600 --> 00:14:33,600
我真的很喜欢在山里散步 因为
I really enjoy these walks into the mountains because

242
00:14:33,680 --> 00:14:36,240
你穿过这么多不同的植被区 
you go through so many different zones of vegetation.

243
00:14:36,320 --> 00:14:39,760
在山谷的底部 我们有奇妙的森林
Down in the bottom of the valley we've got fantastic forests

244
00:14:39,840 --> 00:14:43,920
巨大的针叶树 当你走近时 它们开始逐渐消失
of great big conifer trees. And as you come up they start to peter out

245
00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:48,200
你来到落叶松 它可以应对非常寒冷的条件 
and you come to larch trees which can cope with very cold conditions,

246
00:14:48,280 --> 00:14:52,320
直到你达到这个 海拔2000米 
until you reach this. 2,000 meters above sea level.

247
00:14:52,400 --> 00:14:58,800
这是树线 从这一点开始 它对树木来说变得异常严酷
This is the tree line, from this point on it becomes incredibly harsh for trees

248
00:14:58,880 --> 00:15:00,160
徒步上山 
to take foot in the mountains.

249
00:15:03,880 --> 00:15:08,560
你现在在这里唯一能找到的树就是这些杜松丛
The only trees you really are finding here now are these juniper bushes

250
00:15:08,640 --> 00:15:10,640
它们紧紧地附着在岩石上 
that are clinging tight to the rocks.

251
00:15:10,720 --> 00:15:14,480
从现在开始 我们将进入苔原 
From this point forward, we're moving into tundra.

252
00:15:17,400 --> 00:15:20,960
今天这里的24度非常宜人 
It's a very pleasant 24 degrees here today,

253
00:15:21,040 --> 00:15:25,760
但是 在冬天 气温可能会降至零下26摄氏度 
but, in winter, temperatures can drop to minus 26 degrees Celsius.

254
00:15:31,400 --> 00:15:33,560
这里有一个迷人的池塘 
There's a fascinating pond here.

255
00:15:33,640 --> 00:15:37,760
但当我看着这个池塘时 有两件事是显而易见的；
But when I look into this pond there are two things that are immediately apparent;

256
00:15:37,840 --> 00:15:42,800
这里没有鱼 有很多两栖动物 
there are no fish and there's a lot of amphibian life.

257
00:15:42,880 --> 00:15:47,840
这里到处都是高山蝾螈 真正的高山专家 
It's absolutely teeming with alpine newts. Real alpine specialists.

258
00:15:47,920 --> 00:15:52,480
他们必须这样做 因为这是一个非常恶劣的地形 
And they have to be because this is one really harsh terrain.

259
00:15:52,560 --> 00:15:56,040
当你得知它们受到法律保护时 你不会感到惊讶 
You won't be surprised to learn that they are protected by law,

260
00:15:56,120 --> 00:16:00,000
所以我不会处理它们 但我会仔细看看
so I'm not going to handle them, but I am going to take a closer look

261
00:16:00,080 --> 00:16:05,200
使用这台方便的相机 让我们看看他们在做什么 
using this handy camera. Let's have a look at what they are up to.

262
00:16:07,360 --> 00:16:12,200
蝾螈很难看到它们的全部美丽 
The newts are quite difficult to see in their full beauty.

263
00:16:12,280 --> 00:16:15,120
雄性有这种美妙的火红色腹部 
The males have this wonderful fire-colored belly.

264
00:16:15,200 --> 00:16:19,160
而且 只是偶尔 我瞥见了这一点 
And, just occasionally, I'm catching a glimpse of that.

265
00:16:21,760 --> 00:16:25,760
我认为这些是非常耐寒的生物 能够在这里生存 
I think these are pretty hardy creature to be able to survive here at all.

266
00:16:25,840 --> 00:16:29,440
今天看起来很漂亮 不是吗？你能想象冬天吗？
It looks lovely today doesn't it? Can you imagine it in winter?

267
00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:32,560
冰冻的固体 被雪覆盖得很深 
Frozen solid, deeply covered with snow.

268
00:16:32,880 --> 00:16:35,960
[播放法国音乐]
[French music playing]

269
00:16:36,040 --> 00:16:39,920
我爬得越高 人类生命的迹象就越少 
There are less and less signs of human life the higher I climb,

270
00:16:40,000 --> 00:16:43,200
所以这个村子是我最后一次寻求帮助的机会 
so this village is my last chance to find some help.

271
00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:46,440
今天下午我要轻装上阵
This afternoon I'm going to be travelling really light

272
00:16:46,520 --> 00:16:51,320
因为我想去山上最高的环境 
because I want to head up to the very highest environment on the mountain,

273
00:16:51,400 --> 00:16:56,120
但在这样的旅程中 我很高兴不用背着背包 
but on a journey like this I'd be glad not to be carrying my pack,

274
00:16:56,200 --> 00:16:59,000
所以我请了几头驴帮忙 
so I've enlisted the help of a couple of donkeys,

275
00:16:59,080 --> 00:17:02,600
这当然是在山区旅行的历史方式 
and this is of course the historic way to travel in the mountains.

276
00:17:02,680 --> 00:17:07,319
[播放法国音乐]
[French music playing]

277
00:17:12,839 --> 00:17:18,240
这里的地面上散落着从上面陡峭的山上掉下来的岩石 
The ground here is littered with rocks fallen from the steep mountain above.

278
00:17:19,160 --> 00:17:22,760
你不会指望在这片贫瘠的土地上看到太多的生命 
You wouldn't expect to see much life up here in this barren landscape,

279
00:17:24,480 --> 00:17:28,359
但对于一些毛茸茸的小动物来说 这是它们的游乐场 
but for some small furry creatures, this is their playground.

280
00:17:31,720 --> 00:17:36,720
[淘气的音乐演奏]
[mischievous music playing]

281
00:17:49,920 --> 00:17:54,280
在这片很高的草地上 有土拨鼠
Out here in this very high meadow there are marmots

282
00:17:54,360 --> 00:17:57,320
他们真的很有魅力 因为他们很活跃
and they are really charismatic to watch because they are quite active

283
00:17:57,400 --> 00:17:59,960
而且还没从冬眠中醒来多久 
and haven't been long out of hibernation.

284
00:18:01,560 --> 00:18:05,800
土拨鼠非常善于交际 以家庭为单位生活在洞穴中 
Marmots are very sociable and live in family groups in burrows.

285
00:18:05,880 --> 00:18:09,080
它们在寒冷的冬天冬眠 
They hibernate through the cold winters.

286
00:18:09,160 --> 00:18:12,520
它们在春天出现 以开花的苔原植物为食 
They emerge in the spring to feast on the flowering tundra plant,

287
00:18:12,600 --> 00:18:14,280
就像这些三色堇 
like these pansies.

288
00:18:18,680 --> 00:18:21,600
土拨鼠会通过摩擦脸颊来标记自己的领地
Marmots will mark out their territory by rubbing their cheeks

289
00:18:21,680 --> 00:18:24,160
在岩石上留下它们的气味 
on the rocks to leave their scent.

290
00:18:35,680 --> 00:18:39,040
它们是迷人的生物 就像山上的其他生物一样 
They are fascinating creatures and like everything else on the mountain,

291
00:18:39,120 --> 00:18:42,280
它们必须特别适应高山条件 
they have to be especially adapted for alpine conditions,

292
00:18:42,360 --> 00:18:47,080
你可以看到这里有一只土拨鼠
and one of the things you can see is like this marmot over here

293
00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:50,960
在岩石上晒太阳 是为了节约能源
sunning itself on the rock, it's doing that to save energy

294
00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:54,400
而不必为此过程燃烧食物供应 
rather than having to burn food supplies for that process.

295
00:18:56,960 --> 00:19:00,920
这些群体的成员充当潜在捕食者的守望者 
Members of the groups act as lookouts for potential predators.

296
00:19:01,920 --> 00:19:06,080
他们一直盯着天空 因为那里有危险 
They keep their eyes to the sky as that's where danger lies.

297
00:19:09,520 --> 00:19:13,200
在这么高的海拔 我能感觉到周围的空气越来越稀薄 
At this high altitude, I can feel the air thinning around me.

298
00:19:19,240 --> 00:19:23,520
这是一次非常艰难的攀登 但我们已经到达了山顶 
It's been a really tough climb, but we've made it to the top of the mountain.

299
00:19:27,160 --> 00:19:30,800
这里是最害羞、最稀有的生物之一的家园
This is home to one of the shyest and rarest creatures

300
00:19:30,880 --> 00:19:33,400
我曾经有幸看到 
I've ever had the privilege of seeing.

301
00:19:35,760 --> 00:19:38,640
就在那里 我找到了 
There it is. There it is, I've got it.

302
00:19:40,960 --> 00:19:44,720
这是欧洲最受保护的鸟类之一 
That's one of the most protected birds in Europe.

303
00:19:53,800 --> 00:19:59,200
那是一只长着胡子的秃鹫 它刚刚翻过山后 
That is a bearded vulture and it's just gone over the back of the mountain,

304
00:19:59,280 --> 00:20:01,440
这太令人兴奋了 
it's tremendously exciting to see.

305
00:20:02,120 --> 00:20:03,880
胡子秃鹫得名
The bearded vulture gets its name

306
00:20:03,960 --> 00:20:07,760
它下巴下长着黑色的小鬃毛 
from the small black bristles that grow under its chin.

307
00:20:08,440 --> 00:20:14,160
我看到的是带来狮鹫传说的鸟 
What I'm looking at is the bird that brought about the legend of the griffin,

308
00:20:14,240 --> 00:20:18,080
如果你看看它 它有一种无情的颜色 
and if you look at it, it has this ruthless color,

309
00:20:18,160 --> 00:20:22,720
它的胸脯呈橙红色 人们过去相信
this orangey, red color to its breast. And people used to believe

310
00:20:22,800 --> 00:20:27,840
这是鸟在受害者的血液中洗澡时发出的声音 
that came from the bird bathing in the blood of its victims.

311
00:20:27,920 --> 00:20:30,200
真的很可怕 事实上 他们害怕它；
Really macabre. In fact they feared it;

312
00:20:30,280 --> 00:20:32,760
他们想 如果它把他们困在这里的山上 
they thought that if it caught them in the mountains here,

313
00:20:32,840 --> 00:20:37,320
它可以割断他们的喉咙 让自己沐浴在他们的血液中 得到这种红色 
it could cut their throat and bathe itself in their blood to get this red color.

314
00:20:37,400 --> 00:20:40,680
但是 当然 事实远非如此 
But, of course, nothing could be further from the truth.

315
00:20:41,360 --> 00:20:44,840
事实上 今天我们知道这只鸟确实会洗澡
In fact, today we know that the bird actually bathes

316
00:20:44,920 --> 00:20:48,200
在羽毛干燥的富含铁的水中 
in a water rich in iron which dries in its feathers,

317
00:20:48,280 --> 00:20:50,400
留下明亮的锈橙色污渍 
leaving a bright rusty orange stain.

318
00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:52,920
而且它也不是真正的捕食者 
And it's also not really a predator either,

319
00:20:53,000 --> 00:20:58,080
它是一种非常专业的喂食器 以骨头为食 
it's a very specialist feeder, it feeds on bone.

320
00:20:58,840 --> 00:21:03,040
在捕食者大快朵颐并将尸体留在山腰上之后 
After predators have feasted and left carcasses on the mountainside,

321
00:21:03,120 --> 00:21:07,080
大胡子秃鹫俯冲下来吃骨头 
the bearded vulture swoops down to eat the bones,

322
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这为它提供了生存所需的所有营养 
which gives it all the nutrients it needs to survive.

323
00:21:11,600 --> 00:21:17,280
这只鸟是该地区仅有的两只鸟之一 它正在返回巢穴 
This bird is one of only two pairs in the region and it's returning to its nest.

324
00:21:19,080 --> 00:21:24,480
每三年只繁殖一次 每三只鸟中只有一只
Just one breeding every three years, and only one in three birds

325
00:21:24,560 --> 00:21:28,400
成功地长大成人 
that are reared successfully making it to adult life.

326
00:21:28,480 --> 00:21:34,440
它突破了保护工作的极限 所以我很高兴看到它 
It stretches the limits of conservation efforts, so I'm thrilled to have seen it.

327
00:21:39,120 --> 00:21:42,040
哇 这是迄今为止最好的景色 
Wow, that's the best view yet.

328
00:21:45,160 --> 00:21:48,360
[戏剧性的音乐播放]
[dramatic music playing]

329
00:21:48,440 --> 00:21:51,400
你知道 来到阿尔卑斯山真是太棒了 
Well you know it's been brilliant coming to the alps,

330
00:21:51,480 --> 00:21:55,520
这里有很多不同的植被区 有很多东西可以看 
there are so many different zones of vegetation, so many things to see here.

331
00:21:55,600 --> 00:21:59,240
我要带走一些令人难以置信的回忆 但绝对 
And I'm going to take away some incredible memories, but absolutely,

332
00:21:59,320 --> 00:22:02,840
最棒的是：看到那只长着胡子的秃鹫 
the best thing has been this: seeing the bearded vulture.

333
00:22:02,920 --> 00:22:06,080
坐在那里 真的在阿尔卑斯山上 
Sitting there, literally on top of the alps.

334
00:22:06,160 --> 00:22:10,440
所以 直接登上山顶真的得到了回报 
So coming right to the tops of the mountains has really paid off.

335
00:22:11,880 --> 00:22:15,160
我很高兴我在这里装了一个瞄准镜 
I'm so glad I carted a spotting scope up here.

336
00:22:16,160 --> 00:22:17,960
请注意 我确实得到了驴子的帮助 
Mind you, I did have the help of a donkey.

337
00:22:20,920 --> 00:22:26,600
[戏剧性的音乐播放]
[dramatic music playing]